高三英语语法填空解题技巧.doc

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高三英语语法填空解题技巧.doc

高三英语语法填空解题技巧

纯空格:

介词,连词,代词,冠词,从句引导词,情态动词,强调助动词等

有提示词:

给出了动词的试题——谓语动词,非谓语动词,词类转换

词类词义转换提——名词,形容词,副词,形容词和副词的比较级或最高级

一、纯空格试题的解题技巧

例1.IcansendamessagetoKenyawheneverIwantto,and______getstherealmostinasecond.

技巧1①:

主句缺主语或宾语,一定是填

例2.Wheneverhewasdiscouragedorfacedwithdifficultproblemshewouldopenthebox,takeoutanimaginarykiss,andremembertheloveofthisbeautifulchild_________hadputitthere.

技巧1②:

定语从句缺主语或宾语,一定是填适当的关系词,如:

例3.IwasonmywaytotheTaiyetosMountains.Thesunwassettingwhenmycarbroke(break)downneararemoteandpoorvillage.Cursingmymisfortune,IwaswonderingwhereIwasgoingtospendthenightwhenIrealizedthatthevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguingastoshouldhavethehonorofreceivingme……

技巧1③:

名词性从句缺主语或宾语,根据句子意思填适当的词,如:

who/whom谁,which哪一个/些,what东西/话/地方,whoever,whichever,whatever,whomever

例4.Whileshewasgettingmesettled(settle)intoatinybutcleanroom,theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullittoasmalltownsome20kilometresaway_________therewasagarage.

技巧2①:

定语从句缺地点状语用________________,缺时间状语用_________________,缺原因状语用____________。

例5.…Itissaidthatthefatherkeptthatlittlegoldboxbyhisbedforalltheyearsofhislife.__________________hewasdiscouragedorfacedwithdifficultproblemshewouldopenthebox,takeoutanimaginarykiss,andremembertheloveofthisbeautifulgirl…….

例6.….____________oldyouare,it’snottoolatetomakeyourlifemoreinteresting.

技巧2②:

状语从句

缺地点状语用________________,

缺时间状语用_________________,

缺原因状语用____________,

缺方式状语用___________________。

例7.Itissaidthat______short-temperedmanintheSongDynasty(920-1279)wasveryanxioustohelp_____ricecropgrowupquickly.

技巧3:

名词前面若没有限定词(冠词,形容词性物主代词,不定代词),很可能是填限定词。

例8.…Thelittlegirllooked______athimwithtearsrollingfromhereyesandsaid:

“Daddy,it’snotempty.Iblewkissesintoit____itwasallfull.”Thefatherwascrushed.Hefell___hiskneesandputhisarmsaroundhispreciouslittlegirl.Hebeggedhertoforgivehimforhisunnecessaryanger.

技巧4:

介词的使用要注意搭配和上下文语境提示。

例9.…Twoworld-famousartists,PabloPicasso______CandidoPortinari,whichareworthmillionsofdollars.

技巧4①:

两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连接词,可能是填连词。

例10.…allIsawwasthisbeautifulgirl,whosesmilejustmeltedme_______almostinstantlygavemeacompletelynewsenseofwhatlifeisallabout.

技巧4②:

同一个主语发出两个或几个动作,且时态一致,中间没有连词,一定是填连词。

例11.Iwantedtoseeasmuchofthecityaspossibleinthetwodays_____IwastoreturntoGuangzhou.

例12.Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisforawholeday,______hefeltveryhappy.

技巧4③:

若两句(一个主谓关系算一句)之间没有连词,也没有分号或句号,一定是填并列连词或从属连词。

例13Whatisacceptableinonecountry______beconsideredextremelyrudeinanother.

例14Hehadnotimeorenergytoplaywithhischildrenortalkwithhiswife,buthe______bringhomearegularsalary.

技巧5:

若结构完整,空格后的谓语动词是原型,且又与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时,很有可能是填____________或

例15…_____wasonlyafterIheardshebecamesickthatIlearnedshecouldn’teatMSG(味精).

例16______withhardworkcanyouexpecttogetpayrise.

例17…as______tookthemjustthreeminutestostealpaintingsbytwoworld-famousartists.

例18Datingsitesalsomake_____easytoavoidsomeonewhomyouarenotinterestedin.

例19Thismadethegoatsojealous_____itbeganplottingagainstthedonkey.

例20Cynthia’sstoryshowsvividlythatpeopleremembermorehowmuchamanagercares_____howmuchhepays.

例21Itissaidthat______usedtobeatheatrehere.

例22Oneday,hecameupwithanidea__________hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.Hedidsothenextday.

技巧6:

由特殊句式结构来判断空格应填的词

纯空格试题巩固练习:

Thesechangesonlybecamepossibleasmymemoryimproved.Firstitwasstored1tubes,thenontransistors2lateronverysmallchips.As3resultItotallychanged

4shape.5IhavegrownolderIhavealsogrownsmaller.6timemymemoryhasdevelopedsomuchthat,7anelephant,Ineverforget8Ihavebeentold!

Andmymemorybecame9largethatevenIcouldn’tbelieve10!

二、给出了动词的试题的解题技巧

一):

句中没有谓语,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但需填的词与已存在谓语主语一致,且中间有并列或转折连词时,需填的词则是谓语动词,就要考虑时态和语态,时态考虑要瞻前顾后。

例1.……

Thefirstcard____________(design)byJ.C.Horsleyasacommercialendeavor.

例2.ThatwasdefinitelynotanattractiveideasoIpolitelydeclinedherinvitation,_________(close)mybookandwalkedaway.

例3.Allovertheworld,peoplemovefromplacetoplace.Moreandmorepeople__________(leave)townsandfarmstomovetocities.This(move)tocitiesiscalledurbanization.

例4.Smallercarsarejustoneofthedirectionsthatthecarindustryistaking.Alsotheindustry___________________

(produce)carsthatpollutelessandhavealessharmfuleffectontheenvironmentthesedays.

例5.Nobodyknowswhat_____________________(happen)ifshehadrefusedtopay.

例6.Hisfearoffailurekepthimfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildren__________(play)withjoyousabandon.

例7.……The(happy)ofpeopledon’t(necessary)havethebestofeverything;theyjustmakethemostofeverythingthat_______(come)alongtheirway.

例8.…….Thecountrylifehewasusedto____________(change)greatlysincetheopeningpolicy.

例9.Theinternationalagreement,intendedtoencouragechildrennottosmokeand___________(help)peoplekickthehabit,____________(sign)onFebruary27lastsummer.

(二):

若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,所给动词就是非谓语动词。

若是非谓语动词就要确定用doing形式,done形式,还是todo形式。

非谓语的形式一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间的关系。

例10.……butitisnotenoughonly______________(memorize)rulesfromagrammarbook.

例11.……_________(speak)outyourinnerfeelingwon’tmakeyoufeelashamed,onthecontrary……

技巧1:

作主语或宾语时,通常用形式表示习惯或一般情况;用形式表示具体情况或将来;用表示已发生。

例12.……____________(complet)theprojectasplanned,we’llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.

例13.Theyoungstudentdidallthathecould______(pass)theexaminations.

例14.Somepeoplesaythatoldestchildren,whoaresmartandstrong-willed,areverylikely_____________(success).

技巧2:

作目的状语或者在固定结构中,一般用todo形式。

例15.Hesawthestone,______(say)tohimself:

“Thenightwillbeverydark.”

例16.Theheadmasterwentintothelab,________(follow)bytheforeignguests.

技巧3:

分词作伴随状语,原因状语,条件状语等时,要看它与逻辑主语的关系确定形式。

与句中主语是主动关系使用现在分词;与句中主语是被动关系使用过去分词。

例17.Therewillbeameeting,_______(start)laterthisyeartoreviewthefilm.

例18.…….Lessons_________(learn)insportscanhelpusinourdealingwithotherpeople.

技巧4:

分词做后置定语也要看它与被修饰词之间的关系确定形式。

与所修饰的名词是主动关系使用现在分词;与所修饰的名词是被动关系使用过去分词。

例19.At9:

07pm,Sept.25,TheShenzhouVIIspacecraftwasliftedbythelongMarchⅡ-Fcarrierrocketintospace.ThelaunchoftheShenzhouVIIisChina’sthirdmannedspaceventuresinceOctober23,whenitjoinedRussiaandtheUnitedStatesastheonlycountries_____________(send)astronautsintospace.

技巧5:

名词前有first,second,…last,only修饰时,后面要用todo/tohavedone做后置定语。

例20.Mr.Greenwasdisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad______(repair)gowrongagain.

例21.Canyoutellmethewayyouthoughtof___________(work)outtheproblem.

技巧6:

固定结构如:

havesth.done,thewaytodo等。

巩固练习

1.Iwasdelightedandwasabouttoacceptherproposalwhenshesuggestedwefirst[38]____(go)totheWestLakeandwalkalongtheBrokenBridge.

2.Peter___________(leave)forLondononbusinessuponmyarrival,soIdidn’tseehim.

3.Ihavetogotoworkbytaxibecausemycar_____________(repair)atthegarage.

4.Iwentdownthere,________(pay)mypennyandgotareceipt.

5.There,[40]__________(place)neatlybesidetheemptydish,weretwonickelsandfivepennies—hertip!

6.…IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutesleft[40]___________(complete)thetest!

7.Mypupils,[40]________(include)Donnie,adoredher.

8.Itremains__________(see)whetherJimwillbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals.

三.词类转换题的解题技巧

词类转换题要先确定所要填的单词在句中的成分。

[例1]Theyoungsterimmediatelyfell________(silence)astearsflewdownfromhisbigblueeyes.

[例2]Ina__________(danger)partoftheseaoffthecoastofNewZealand,theylearntto…

[例3]Teachersmusttrytheirbesttomakemostoftheirstudents__________(interest)inthesubject.

技巧1:

作表语、定语或补语,通常用形容词形式。

[例4]WhenChina’sancientscientificandtechnological______________(achieve)arementioned,thenationwillgenerallyrefertotheFourGreatInventions.

[例5]…instructorsexpectstudentstobefamiliarwith_______________(inform)inthereading…

技巧2:

作主语,或在及物动词或介词后作宾语,用名词形式。

[例6]Withthelargenumbersofstudents,the________(operate)ofthesystemdoesinvolveacertainamountofactivity.

技巧3:

在形容词性物主代词后,或者在“冠词(+形容词)”后,用名词形式。

[例7]AsIlooked32(close)atthisgirl,Ifoundthat…

[例8]Theremustbesomething40_____(serious)wrongwithoursociety.

[例9]Singlesareflocking(涌向)totheInternet33(main)becausetheirbusylifestylesleavethemlittletime…

技巧4:

修饰动词、形容词、副词,或整个句子,作状语,用副词形式。

[例10]Peoplecertainlyhaveavarietyofreasonsforgoingbacktoschoolbutoneimportantthingtoknowis:

noknowledgeis________(use).

[例11]Yourmistakecausedalotof___________(necessary)workintheoffice.

技巧5:

词义转换题。

词类不一定要变,主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词,需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系,在词根前加un-,im-,il-,ir-,in-,non-,dis-等,在词根后加-less等。

[例12]…therewasalotofinformationaboutthecity’swell-knowntourist[35]__________(attract)…

[例13]Theotherfrogwentonjumpingashardashecould…Hejumpedeven[36]____(hard)andfinallymadehimselfout.

技巧6:

括号中所给词为动词时,也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词,有可能考词类转换;若是形容词或副词,有可能考查其比较级或最高级。

词类转化题巩固练习

1.

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