全国百强校山东省临沂市学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题.docx

全国百强校山东省临沂市学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题.docx

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全国百强校山东省临沂市学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题

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【全国百强校】山东省临沂市2016-2017学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题

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一、阅读理解（题型注释）

ResearchersinChinaandtheUnitedStateshavedevelopedanewcataract（白内障）treatmentwithcellsthathasrestoredvisioninbabiesinatrialandmayeventuallybeusedinadults.

Thetreatment-bydoctorsandstaffmembersattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiegoSchoolofMedicineandSichuanandSunYat-senuniversitiesinChina-waspublishedinMarch9editionofthescientificjournalNature.

Acataractisacloudingofthenormallyclearlens（晶体）ofaneye.Typicalcataractoperationinvolvestheremovalofthecloudylensandtheinsertionofanartificialone.Thenewoperationhasbeentestedinanimalsandduringasmall,humantrial.Itresultedinfewercomplications（并发症）thanthecurrentharmfuloperation,andinregrownlenseswithsuperiorvisualfunctioninall12ofthebabycataractpatientswhoreceivedtheprocedure.

Acongenitalcataract-lenscloudingthatoccursatbirthorshortlyafter-isimportantcauseofblindnessinchildren.Inthenewresearch,KandZhang,headofophthalmicgeneticsatUSSanDiego’sShileyEyeInstitute,andhiscolleaguesreliedontheregrownpotentialofendogenous（同源的）stemcells.

AccordingtoZhang,endogenousstemcellsaredifferentfromotherstemcellsthataretypicallygrowninalaboratory,transplantedintoapatient,andcanhaverisksofimmune（免疫的）rejection,infectionorcancers.ZhangtoldCBSNews,“Weinventedanewoperationtomakeaverysmallopeningatthesideofacataractouslensbag,removethecataractinside,allowtheopeningtoheal,andpromotepotentiallensstemcellstoregrowanentirelynewlenswithvision.”

Thehumantrialinvolved12babiesundertheageof2whoweretreatedwiththenewmethod,while25babiesreceivedtheestandardoperationcare..Thelattergroupexperiencedahigherincidenceofpos-operationdanger,early-onseteyehighbloodpressureandincreasedlensclouding.Thescientistsreportedfewercomplicationsandfasterhealingamongthe12babieswhohasthenewprocedure.

1、Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A．Theconceptofthecataract

B．Anewcataracttreatmentwithstemcells

C．Badeffectsofpost-operationinthecataract

D．Thereasonswhythecataractcomesintobeing

2、Whichofthefollowingbestdescribethenewcataracttreatmentaccordingtothepassage?

A．Convenient                              B．Comfortable                              

C．Cheap                              D．Safe                              

3、Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewcataracttreatment?

A．Ithasmorerisks

B．Itmaybeusedwidely

C．Ithasbeenputintopracticewidely

D．Itcanonlyrestorevisioninbabies

4、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“congenital”inthefourthparagraphmean?

A．Born                              B．Strange                              

C．Serious                              D．Dangerous.                              

WhenUSmusicianBobDylanwasannouncedasthewinnerofthisyear’sNobelPrizeforliteraturelastmonth,manypeopletooktosocialmediatosuggestthatLeonardCohenwastheonlyotherlivingsongwriterwhodeserved（值得）thehonor.

Sadly,onNov7,thedeep-voicedCanadianartistdiedattheageof82.

Manytributes（称赞）werewrittenforCohen,whohadjustreleasedhis14thalbum,YouWantItDarker,onOct21st.“LeonardCohenisasimportanttodayashewasinthe1960s,”Canada’sPrimeMinisterJustinTrudeausaidoninastatement.“Hisabilitytodescribehumanemotionmadehimoneofthemostinfluentialandlastingmusiciansever.”

Cohen’smostfamoussong,Hallenlujah,inwhichhecomparedphysicallovetoaneedforspiritualconnection,hasbeenrecordedhundredsoftimesbydifferentmusiciansinceitwasfirstreleasedin1984.

AndCohen’ssongBirdonaWire（1969）couldbeconsideredaperfectepitaph（墓志铭）thathewroteforhimself.Asthesong’sfirstlinegoes,“Likeabirdonawire,likeadrunkinmidnightchoir（合唱团）,Ihavetiredinmywaytobefree.”

“Cohenwriteswordsthatexplainwhatitmeanstobehuman.I’vereadpoetrythathasasmuchbeautyasCohen’swork,butintheworldofmusic,Cohenisararity,”USsingerJenniferWarnestoldAustinAmerican-Statesmannewspaper.‘Hedescribesthingsthatgooninsideaheartandwhatitfeelsliketobehere.”

Alongwithhisspirituality,Cohen’sdry,deepvoicealsohelpedhispopularity.In2006hespokewiththeNPRradiostationabouthowhegothisinterestingvoice—apparentlyitwas“500tonsofwhiskeyandamillioncigarettes.”

Butheneverforgottoworkontheinstrumentsthatmadeuphissongs,eventhoughhewasmostfamousforhislyrics（歌词）andvoice.

“Thereisnodifferencebetweenapoemandasong,”Cohensaidin1969interviewwiththeNewYorkTimesnewspaper.“Someweresongsfirstandsomewerepoemsfirstandsomewerewrittenatthesametime.Allofmywritinghasguitarsbehindit,eventhenovels.”

“WhenpeopletalkaboutCohen,theyfailtomentionthemelodies（旋律）,whichtome,alongwithhislyrics,arehisgreatestgenius,”BobDylantoldtheNewYorkmagazine.”Theygivealifttoeveryoneofhissongs.AsfaraIknow,noonecomesclosetothisinmodernmusic.”

5、WhatdoLeonardCohenandBobDylanhaveincommon?

A．Theyhavebothwrittenbeautifullyrics.

B．Theyhavebothachievedoutstandingthingsinliterature

C．Theybothcamefromthesamecountry

D．TheywerebothconsideredthepossiblewinnersofNobelPrizeinliterature.

6、PeopleoftenspeakhighlyofCohenformanythingsexceptfor_____.

A．hisvoice                              B．hismelodies                              

C．hislyrics                              D．hisinfluence                              

7、Whatcanbeinferredfromthearticle?

A．Hallenlujahisthemostperformedsongintheworld

B．BirdonaWirewaswrittentodescribeCohen’spersonality

C．BobDylantookinspirationfromCohen’swork

D．Cohensaidhisunhealthyhabitscontributedtohisuniquevoice.

8、WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeCohen?

A．Humorousandoptimistic                              B．Sensitive（敏感的）andmoody                              

C．Insightful（深刻的）andtalented                              D．Expressiveandrebellious（叛逆的）                              

Whatissuccess?

Iamnotgoingtotrytoexplainsuccess.Ithinkaprecisemeaningisimpossible!

IsitwinningaGoldMedalattheOlympicGamesorwinningWimbledon,orbeingawardedaNobelPrize?

Whatelse?

Ibelievepersonalsuccesscouldbeanythingatall-itdoesnothavetoinvolvepublicrecognition.Whoismoresuccessful?

Amillionairewhoisunhappy,oranunnoticedperson,whohasledasimple,quiet,sincereandhappylife?

Thesimplestdefinitionofsuccess,Ithink,is“tosetouttodosomethingandtosucceedindoingit.

Thefirststepontheroadtosuccessstartswithbelief.Believeyoucansucceedandyouwill.Achievingsuccessinwhateverendeavor（努力）youchoosemaybethegoaloflife;becauseitgivesyoufreedomfromworry.Couldthatbe?

Successmeansdifferentthingstoeveryoneofus.Somepeoplebelieveitismeasuredinfinancialterm;othersbelieveitishelpingothersratherthanhelpingthemselves.However,mostpeoplearemotivatedtoagreatextendbypublicrecognition.Howmanypeoplearereallyhappy?

Howmanypeoplearereallydoingwhattheywanttowiththeirlives?

Incidentally,toimaginemakesusdifferentfromanimals.

Mostimportantofall,Ibelievesuccessisamatterofpersonalgrowth.Ifeverydayyouaredevelopingorgrowingjustamillimeter,Ibelieveoneissuccessful.Justbeingaslightlybetterpersoneachdayformeissuccess.I’vegotaverylongwaytogothem!

Finally,alwaysremembersuccessisaprocessandisnotsimplyamatterofarrivingatadestination.It’sthejourneythatreallymatters.Successiswhatyoubecomeintheoftenverydifficultanddangerousjourneydowntheriveroflife.

9、Whatispersonalsuccessaccordingtotheauthor?

A．Winningpublicrecognition

B．Beinganunhappymillionaire

C．Somethingimpossibletodefinesimply

D．Succeedingindoingwhatyouwant

10、Whichplaysanimportantroleinyoursuccess?

A．Intelligence                              B．Confidence                              

C．Wealth                              D．Kindness                              

11、Accordingtohetext,humansaredifferentfromanimalsin_______.

A．belief                              B．freedom                              

C．imagination                              D．success                              

12、Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A．Whatissuccess                              B．Notruesuccess                              

C．Howtobesuccessful                              D．Successisreachingadestination                              

From:

terri@wombat.Com.Au

To:

（happylizijun）@yaboo.com.cn

Subject:

Myschool

Hi,LiZijun,

Thanksverymuchforyouremail.Ireallyenjoyedreadingit.Ithinkwehavealotincommon.Iwonderifourschoollifeissimilartoo.

IgotoabighighschoolinSydneycalledMaylandsHighSchool.Thereareabout1000studentsand80orsoteachers.Myclasshas25studentsinit,whichisnormalforaYear11class.Inthejuniorschoolthereareabout30studentsinaclass.

Intheseniorhighschoolwehavelotsofsubjectstochoosefrom,likemaths,physics,chemistry,biology,history,German,law,geography,softwaredesign,graphicartsandmediastudies.（Differentschoolssometimehavedifferentoptionalsubjects.）Engli