度全国职称英语等级考试卫生类B级试题及答案.docx

度全国职称英语等级考试卫生类B级试题及答案.docx

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度全国职称英语等级考试卫生类B级试题及答案

2015年度全国职称英语等级考试卫生类（B级）试题

第1部分：

词汇选项（第1。

15题，每题1分，共15分）

　　下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

　　1Ibelievethatheraccountofwhathappenedisvery?

accurate.

　　AsimpleBpreciseCvividDclose

　　2He?

based?

hisconclusionontheevidencegivenbytheprisoner.

　　AofferedBworkedCmadeDsatisfied

　　3Theunion?

calledoff?

thestrikeatthelastminuteyesterday.

　　AcancelledBstagedClengthenedDorganized

　　4Ihaveearnedalotofmoney,butthatisnotthe?

issue.

　　AgoalBtaskCkeyDpoint

　　5Therehasbeenalotof?

debate?

amongusaboutthenecessitytosavemoney

　　AtalkBsuggestionsCdiscussionDideas

　　6Theeconomycontinuedto?

exhibit?

signsofdeclineinOctober.

　　AshowBmarkCrecordDcarry

　　7Heenduredunbearableagoniesbeforehefinally?

passedaway.

　　AleftBrelaxedCdiedDslept

　　80illeakingfromaboatorshipmayposea?

hazard?

todrinkingwater.

　　AodorBdiseaseCdangerDsmell

　　9Thefiremenmadea?

spectacular?

rescueyesterday.

　　AtimelyBwonderfulCcleverDcooperative

　　10Shewas?

unwilling?

togo,butshehadnochoice.

　　AreadyBangryCsorryDreluctant

　　11.Itwasunfortunatethatshehad?

erased?

themessage.

　　AheardofBrubbedoutClookedatDspokenout

　　12.Hecamebackhome?

fatigued.

　　AexhaustedBscaredCworriedDfrightened

　　13.Thewomanlivingnextdoorisextremely?

slender.

　　AslimBtallCweakDpale

　　14.Youraccusationis?

wholly?

withoutfoundation.

　　AalmostBprobablyCevidentlyDcompletely

　　15.He?

wasobsessedwith?

Americanhorrormovies.

　　AkeptthinkingaboutBtookadvantageof

　　CpaidnoattentiontoDcarednothingabout

第2部分：

阅读判断（第16—22题，每题1分，共7分）

　　下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

　　BaselineExamIsKeytoEyeHealth

　　Evenpeoplewithnosignsorriskfactorsforeyediseasecansuffervisionlossandneedtogetbaseline（基线）eyeexamsatage40,saystheAmericanAcademyofOphthalmologyThereminder（提示）ispartoftheAAO'sEyeSmartcampaigntomarkSaveYourVisionMonthinFebruary.

　　"Manyeyediseasesprogresswithoutanywarningsigns,"Dr.StephanieMarioneaux,ainiticalcorrespondentfortheAAO,saidinapreparedstatement."Gradualchangesinvisioncanaffectyourabilitytofunctionindependentlyandhaveconfidenceinyourabilities."

　　Basedonthefindingsfromtheinitialscreening,aneyedoctorwillcreateascheduleforfollow-upeyeexams.

　　Peopleofanyagewhohavesymptomsofeyediseaseorareathighriskduetofamilyhistory,diabetes（糖尿病）orhighbloodpressureshouldconsultwiththeireyedoctortodeterminehowoftentheyshouldhavetheireyeschecked,theAAOrecommends.

　　By2020,43millionAmericanswillbeatsignificantriskforvisionlossorblindnessduetoage-relatedeyediseasessuchascataracts（白内障）andglaucoma（青光眼）That'samorethan50percentincreaseoverthecurrentnumberofAmericanswithsuchvision-

　　threateningdiseases.

　　ButmanyAmericansareunconcernedabouttheriskofvisionloss.Only23percentofAmericansareveryconcernedaboutlosingtheirvision,whilemostfeelweightgainandjointorbackpainaregreaterworriesthanvisionloss,accordingtoanAAOsurveyconductedforitsEyeSmartcampaign.

　　16Peoplewithnosignsofeyediseasedon'tneedanyeyeexams.

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　17Changesinvisioncannotaffectpeople'slives.

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　18There'sagreatshortageofeyedoctorsintheUS.

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　19Highbloodpressureisoneoftheriskfactorsforeyedisease.

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　200lderpeopleareathigherriskforvisionlossorblindness.

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　21MostAmericansareworriedabouttheriskofvisionloss.

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　22WeightgainandjointorbackpainarebigworriesinEurope.

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23—30题，每题1分，共8分）

　　下面的短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23-26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2~5段,每段选择1个最佳标题;

（2）第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

　　TheEbolaOutbreak

　　YouarelikelyawarethatseveralcountriesinWestAfricaarebattlinganEbolaoutbreakEbolaisadangerousandoftenlethalviralinfection.Scientistsbelievethathumanscontractedthevirusbyeatingthemeatofrareanimals.Itisnowbelievedthatbatsaretheprimarycarrierofthevirus.

　　2Todate,thereareonlythreemajorcountriesinWestAfricaexperiencingamajoroutbreak:

SierraLeone,LiberiaandGuinea.However,othercountriessuchasNigeriahavereportedconfirmedcasesofEbolawithintheirborders.

　　3UnlessyourecentlyvisitedoneofthethreeaffectedWestAfricancountries,yourriskofcontractingthevirusisvirtuallyzero.UnlikeotherrecentairborneviraloutbreakslikeSARS,theEbolaviruscanonlybespreadthroughdirectcontactwithaninfectedperson.

　　Specifically,Ebolaisspreadthroughcontactwithbodyfluids.Thoughthevirusistransmittable,onlyaninfectedpersonexhibitingsymptomsiscommunicable.

　　4ThesignsandsymptomsofEbolaarenon-specificandpatientstypicallyexhibitthemafteraweekofcontractingthevirus.Symptomsmayappearasearlyastwodaysoraslateasthreeweeksafterinitialinfection.Symptomsincludedisgust,weaknessandstomachpain.Moreuncommonsymptomsincludechestpain,bleedingandsorethroat.

　　5Ebolaisdevastatingbecauseofitsabilitytoattackandreplicateineveryorganofthebody.Thiscausesanoverstimulationofthebody'sinflammatoryresponse,causingtheflu-likesymptoms.Thevirusalsocausesbleedingandimpairsthebody'snormalclottingmechanism（凝血机制）,makingbleedingevenmoresevere.Lossofbloodvolumeanddecreasedorganperfusion灌注）ultimatelyleadtoorganfailureanddeath.

　　6Thecurrentoutbreakisthedeadliestviraloutbreakinover35years.Whilediseasessuchasthemalaria（疟疾）arefarmorecommunicable,Ebolaisoneoftheworld'smostfatalviralinfections;Ebola'sfatalityrateexceedsthatofSARS.

　　23、Paragraph2

　　24、Paragraph3

　　25、Paragraph4

　　26、Paragraph5

　　AAmIatriskofcontractingthevirus?

　　BHowdoIknowifIhavecontractedthevirus?

　　CWhatcausedtheEbolaoutbreak?

　　DWhatexactlydoesEboladotothebody?

　　EIsthecurrentoutbreakthedeadliest?

　　FWhatareasarecurrentlyaffected7

　　27TheinitialEbolaoutbreakwasfoundin

　　28ThedifferencebetweenSARSandEbolavirusesI

　　29Thesymptomsofthepatientsafterbeinginfected

　　30TheEbolavirustransmitsbycontactwithliesinmayfirstappear

　　Ainfectedbodyfluids

　　Bthemodeoftransmission

　　Cwithinawiderangeofdays

　　DthreecountriesinWestAfrica

　　Eagainsttheoutbreakseverity

　　Ftheinitialdaysofbeinginfected

第4部分：

阅读理解（第31~45题，每题3分，共45分）

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

　　第一篇

　　MoreAmericansGettingHighBloodPressure

　　ThenumberofAmericanswithhighbloodpressureisontherisethanksinlargeparttogrowingratesofobesity（过度肥胖）,researcherssaidonTuesday.

　　Butincreasingnumbersofthosewithhighbloodpressure,alsocalledhypertension,aregettingtheconditiontreated,researchersfromtheUSgovernment'sNationalInstitutesofHealth（NIH）wroteinthejournalHypertension.

　　Highbloodpressurecanleadtostroke,heartattack,heartfailureorkidney（肾）failure.Itissometimescalledthe"silentkiller"becauseithasnosymptoms,andmanypeoplehaveitforyearswithoutknowingit.

　　Dataspanningsixyearsthrough2004showedthat29percentofUSadultshadhighbloodpressure,comparedt024percentinthesix-yearperiodendingin1994,the

　　researcherssaid.

　　"Thepercentageofthepopulationwithhighbloodpressureisincreasing,"Dr.JeffreyCutleroftheNIH'sNationalHeart,Lung,atelephoneinterview.

　　Someoftheleadingfactorsbehindhighbloodpressureoverweight,notgettingregularphysicalactivity,smokingandtooThestudyshowedblackscontinuedtohavehigherratesofwhites.

　　goingthewrongway-it'sandBloodInstitutesaidinincludebeingobeseormuchsaltinthediet.

　　highbloodpressurethanDuringthe1999-2004period,61percentofthosewithhighbloodpressurewereundergoingtreatmentforitand35percenthadtheirbloodpressureundercontrol,theresearcherssaid.Anumberofdifferentdrugsareusedtotreathypertension.

　　Thefindingswerebasedondataonanationallyrepresentativesampleof16,351USadultsfor1988-1994and14,430adultsfor1999-2004.

　　31ThenumberofAmericanswithhypertensionis

　　Asmallerthanbefore.

　　Bgreaterthanbefore.

　　Cthesameasbefore.

　　Dhardtocalculate.

　　32Hypertensionmayleadto

　　Astroke.

　　Bheartattack.

　　Ckidneyfailure.

　　Dalloftheabove.

　　33Hypertensionissometimescalled

　　Aitscausesremainunknown.

　　Bitoftenhasnosymptoms.

　　Cit'salifelongcondition.

　　Dit'streatedsecretly.

　　34Twenty-ninepercentofUSadults

　　Aduringthe1988-2004period.

　　Bduringthe1994-1999period.

　　Cduringthe1999-2004period.

　　Dduringthe1988-1994period.

　　35.WhichofthefollowingisNOTalikelycauseofhypertension?

　　AConstantsmoking.

　　BObesityoroverweight.

　　CRegularphysicalactivity.

　　DToomuchsaltinthediet.

NewUSPlanforDiseasePrevention

　　UrgingAmericanstotakeresponsibilityfortheirhealth,HealthandHumanServicesSecretaryTommyThompsononTuesdaylauncheda$15millionprogramtotrytoencouragecommunitiestodomoretopreventchronicdiseaseslikeheartdisease,canceranddiabetes（糖尿病）.

　　Theinitiative（倡议）highlightsthecostofchronicdiseases-theleadingcausesofdeathintheUnitedStates-andoutlineswaysthatpeoplecanpreventthem,includingbetterdietandincrea