河南省义马市高级中学学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题 Word版含答案Word文档下载推荐.docx

河南省义马市高级中学学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题 Word版含答案Word文档下载推荐.docx

《河南省义马市高级中学学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题 Word版含答案Word文档下载推荐.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《河南省义马市高级中学学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题 Word版含答案Word文档下载推荐.docx（16页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

Fortyyearsago,Finlandwasasmallcountrywithmediocre（普通）publicschools.Today,FinlandisstillsmallbutnoonecallsFinland’spublicschoolsmediocreanymore.

In2000,theFinnssurprisedtheworldwhentheir15-year-oldsscoredatthetopofacloselywatchedinternationalexamcalledthePISA.Finlandhasstayednearthetopeversince,whiletheU.S.scoresaroundthemiddle.

PasiSahlberg,anofficialwithFinland’sMinistryofEducationandCulture,isinSeattlethisweektosharethestoryofFinland’ssuccess,andwhatstateslikeWashingtoncanlearnfromit.

Sahlberg’smessage,althoughheistoopolitetoputitsobluntly（坦率）:

Stoptestingsomuch,trustteachersmore;

givelesshomework;

shortentheschoolday.

OnTuesday,inaroomfilledwithteachers,principals,professors,school-boardmembersandpolicymakers,SahlbergjokedabouttheFinns’reputation（名声）forbeingaquiet,humblepeople.“WhenFinlandhitthetopofthePISA,”hesaid,“thebiggestdisbelieverswereFinns.”

Moreseriously,Finlandneversetouttocreatetheworld’stopschoolsystem.Instead,hesaid,thecountrydecidedinthe1970sthatitwantedtoensurethatastudent’ssuccessdidn’tdependonfamilybackground.

“Finlandreliedoncooperationamongteachersandschools,ratherthanoncompetition.Ratherthanjudgingteachersandschoolsbasedontestscores,”hesaid,“Finlandputstrustinitsteachersandprincipals.TeachersdevelopthecurriculuminFinland,anddesigntheirowntests.Therearenonationaltests,exceptoneattheendofhighschool.”

That’sjustthestart.Alongwithashorterschoolday,Finnishstudentsdon’tevenstartschooluntiltheyare7yearsold.Manyprimaryschoolshaveapolicyagainstgivinghomework.

“ButFinland,”hesaid,“succeededinpartbyadoptingideasfromtheU.S.andothercountries.Andthosecountries,”hesaid,“canlearnfromFinland,too.”

1．Whatmightbetheauthor’spurposeofwritingthepassage?

A.TointroduceaFinnishofficial.

B.TocomparetheeducationsystemsofFinlandandtheUS.

C.TosharethestoryofFinland’ssuccessineducation.

D.ToasktheUStoimproveitseducation.

2．PeoplefirstlearnedFinland’ssuccessineducationfrom_____.

A.itsstudents’performanceinaninternationalexam.

B.itsinternationalexchangeprograms.

C.lecturesgivenbyPasiSahlberg.

D.itssmall-sizedpublicschools.

3．WhichofthefollowingcancontributetoFinland’ssuccessineducation?

a.Givingstudentsfewertests.

b.Givingteachersmoretrust.

c.Evaluatingstudents’familybackgrounds.

d.Creatingtheworld’stopschoolsystem.

e.Startingschoollate.

A.a,b,cB.c,d,eC.a,b,eD.b,c,d

4．WhatPasiSahlergsaidinParagraph7suggestedthat______.

A.childrenshouldstartschoolasearlyaspossible.

B.competitionamongteachersmightbeharmfultoeducation.

C.theUSeducationsystemisstillthemostadvanced.

D.it’snecessarytosetupanationalcurriculum.

B

Whenitcomestofriends,Idesirethosewhowillsharemyhappiness,whopossesswingsoftheirownandwhowillflywithme.Iseekfriendswhosequalitiesilluminate（照亮）meandtrainmeupforlove.ItisforthesepeoplethatIreservetheglowinghours,toogoodnottoshare.

WhenIwasintheeighthgrade,Ihadafriend.Wewereshyand“tooserious”aboutourstudieswhenitwasbecomingfashionablewithourclassmatestolearnacceptablesocialbehaviors.Wesaidlittleatschool,butshewouldcometomyhouseandwewouldsitdownwithpencilsandpaper,andoneofuswouldsay:

“Let’sstartwithatrainwhistletoday.”Wewouldsitquietlytogetherandwriteseparatepoemsorstoriesthatgrewoutofatrainwhistle.Thenwewouldreadthemaloud.Attheendofthatschoolyear,we,too,werechangingintosocialcreaturesandthestoriesandpoemsstopped.

WhenIlivedforatimeinLondon,Ihadafriend,HewasindespairandIwasindespair.Butourfriendshipwasbasedontheideaineachofusthatwewouldbesorrylaterifwedidnotexplorethisgreatcitybecausewehadfeltbadatthetime.WemeteverySundayforfiveweeksandfoundmanyexcellentthings.Wewalkeduntilourdespairsdisappearedandthenweparted. 

WegaveLondontoeachother.

ForalmostfouryearsIhavehadremarkablefriendwhoseimaginationilluminatesmine.Wewritelonglettersinwhichweoftendiscoverourstrangestselves.Eachofusappears,sometimesinafunnyway,intheother’sdreams.SheandIagreethat,atcertaintimes,weseemtobepartsofthesamemind.Inmymostinterestingmoments,Ioftenthink:

“Yes,Imusttell….”Wehavenevermet.

ItissuchcomfortingcompanionsIwishtokeep.Onebrighthourwiththeirkindisworthmoretomethanthelifetimeservicesofapsychologist（心理学家），whowillonlyfillupthehealing（愈合的）silencenecessarytothosedarkestmomentsinwhichIwouldratherbemyownbestfriend.

5.Intheeighthgrade,whattheauthordidbeforedevelopingpropersocialbehaviorwasto_____.

A.becomeseriousaboutherstudyB.gotoherfriend’shouseregularly

C.learnfromherclassmatesatschoolD.sharepoemsandstorieswithherfriend

6.InParagraph3,“WegaveLondontoeachother”probablymeans______.

A.ourexplorationofLondonwasamemorablegifttobothofus

B.wewereunwillingtotearourselvesawayfromLondon

C.ourunpleasantfeelingaboutLondondisappeared

D.wepartedwitheachotherinLondon

7.AccordingtoParagraph4,theauthorandherfriend_______.

A.calleachotherregularlyB.havesimilarpersonalities

C.enjoywritingtoeachotherD.dreamofmeetingeachother

8.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.UnforgettableExperiencesB.RemarkableImagination

C.LifelongFriendshipD.NobleCompanions

C

Afoodadditive（添加剂）isanysubstancethatisaddedtofood.Manypeopleareputoffbytheideaof“chemicalsinfood.”Thetruthisthatallfoodismadeupofchemicals.Naturalsubstanceslikemilk,aswellasman-madeoneslikedrinksonsaleinthemarket,canbedescribedbychemicalformulas.Somechemicalsubstancesareindeedharmful,butapersonwhorefusedtoconsumeanychemicalswouldfindnothingtoeat.

Thethingsweeatcanbedividedintonaturalandman-madesubstances.Somepeoplefeelthatonlynaturalfoodsarehealthyandthatallman-madeingredientsaretobeavoided.Butmanynaturalchemicals,foundinplantsandanimals,areharmfulwheneaten,andsomelaboratory-madesubstancesincreasethenutritionalvalueoffood.Otherchemicalshavenaturalandman-madeformsthatareexactlyalike:

vitaminCisvitaminC,whetheritcomesfromatesttubeorfromanorange.Like“chemical”,“man-made”doesn’tnecessarilymean“notfittoeat”.

Foodadditivesareusedformanyreasons.Weaddsugarandsaltandotherthingstofoodsweprepareathometomakethemtastebetter.Foodproducershavedevelopedarangeofadditivesthatstabilize（使稳定）,thicken,harden,keepwet,keepfirm,orimprovetheappearanceoftheirproducts.Additivescanmakefoodmoreconvenientornutritious,giveitalongershelflife,andmakeitmoreattractivetotheconsumer,thusincreasingthesalesandprofitsoftheproducers.

Foodadditivesarepresentlythecentreofastormofseriousargument.Foodproducershavebeenknowntouseadditivesthathavenotbeenprovedsafe;

somesubstancesincommonusehavebeenprovedunsafeandhavebeentakenoffthemarket.Manypeoplefeelthere’sariskofeatingfoodtowhichanythinghasbeenadded.ButfoodadditivesarenowregulatedbytheFDAofthefederalgovernment,andnewadditiveswillgothroughstricttestingbeforetheycanbeplacedonthemarket.Formostpeople,thechancesofdevelopingserioussideeffects（副作用）fromthelong-termuseofpresentlyapproved（批准）foodadditivesareverysmall.

9．Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat.

A.naturalfoodsaremuchsaferthanman-madeones

B.itisrighttorefusechemicalsinfood

C.foodadditivesareharmfultoourhealth

D.allfoodshavechemicalsubstances

10．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Foodadditivescanimprovethequalityoffoodsinmanyways.

B.Toensurefoodsafety,theFDAwillstopfoodadditives.

C.Foodsfreeofadditivescankeepamuchlongershelflife.

D.Foodswithmoreadditiveshavehighernutritionalvalue.

11．WecaninferfromtheregulationtothefoodadditivesbytheFDAthat.

A.newadditiveswillbeapprovedmoreeasilythanbefore

B.foodwithcommon-usedadditiveswillbetakenoffthemarket

C.foodadditiveswillbeusedinasaferandmorescientificway

D.foodproducerswon’tbeallowedtousenewfoodadditives

12．Accordingtothewriter,thefoodadditiveis.

A.worryingB.acceptableC.poisonousD.avoidable

D

Everyoneagreesthatit’snecessarytoreducecarbonemissions（排放物）aroundtheworld.Thereislessagreementoverexactlyhownationsshouldgoaboutachievingamorecarbon-freeplanet.Thus,theenvironmentalequivalent:

cap–and–tradecarbonemissions,orplaceacarbontaxonallusers?

Withcap-and-tradeprograms,governmentslimitthelevelofcarbonproducedbyanindustry.Companiesthatholdtheiremissionsbelowthecapcanselltheirremainingallowanceonacarbonmarket,whilecompaniesthatgobeyondtheirlimitmustpurchasecreditsonthatmarket.Carbontaxesaremorestraightforward:

asettaxrateisplacedontheconsumptionofcarbonwiththeideathatraisingthepricewillencourageindustriesandindividualstoconsumeless.Atthemoment,cap-and-tradehastheupperhand,butdoesn’tdefeatthetaxjustyet.

Supportersofthetaxarguethatacap–and–tradesystemwouldb