Comprehension15minutesWord格式文档下载.docx

Comprehension15minutesWord格式文档下载.docx

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Themostbasicpreliminaryquestionofanyreadingiswhoreads.Oneanswerwouldbetoaskeveryonetoprepareoneortwopoems,andtogoaroundtheroom.Thisgiveseveryonesomethingtodo,anditexposeseveryonetoavarietyoftastesandinterpretations.

Analternativeistoletonehamruntheshow.Theabilitytoreadaloud,likeanyothertalent,isunevenlydistributed;

it’sprobablybetternottohearapoematallthantohearitmangled.Readingaloudisalsoamentaland,toadegree,aphysicaleffort.（86）Ifonlyonepersondoesit,then,everyoneelsecanenjoytheunalloyedpleasureoflistening.Ifit’snotapleasure,thereaderwillhavenoguestsforhissecondreading.

Ithoughtitwasonlyfairtomylistenerstorewardthemfortheirattentionwithfoodanddrink,butonlyfairtometowithholdituntilIhadfinished.Ilimitedthereadingtoonehour.

16．Accordingtothispassage,readingpoetryaloudtootherpeople

A. 

Isaselfishthing

B. 

Givesonenopleasureorunderstanding

C. 

Givesoneakindofpleasuredifferentfromsilentreading

D. 

Isasuspiciousact.

17．Theauthorbelievesthatwhenpeoplereadapoemaloud,they

A．Showtheirownwaysofunderstanding

B．Betraytheirpoortastesinliterature

C．Takeawalkaroundtheroom

D．Arehappytohavefoundsomethingtodo

18．Whatdoestheauthorthinkisthebestformforapoetryreadingsession?

A．Askeveryonetoparticipateinthereading

B．Askonetalentedpersontodothereadingthroughout.

C．Inviteeveryonetowalkaroundtheroom.

D．Askonepersontoreadafewpoemsandthenletotherstaketheirturns.

19．Whatistheauthor’sopinionofpeople’sabilitytoreadaloudwell?

A．Suchanabilityisnotamatteroftalent.

B．Noonehasthetalenttodoso.

C．Noteveryonehasthatability.

D．Everyonehastheability

20．Accordingtothispassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A．Theauthorgavelistenersfoodonlyafterthereadinghadfinished.

B．Theauthorwaseatingwhileotherpeoplewerereading.

C．Thelistenerswereeatingwhiletheauthorwasreading.

D．Thelistenersgavetheauthordrinksbywayofthanks.

Socialchangeismorelikelytooccurinsocietieswherethereisamixtureofdifferentkindsofpeoplethaninsocietieswherepeoplearesimilarinmanyways.Thesimplereasonforthisisthattherearemoredifferentwaysoflookingatthingspresentinthefirstkindofsociety.Therearemoreideas,moredisagreementsininterest,andmoregroupsandorganizationswithdifferentbeliefs.Inaddition,thereisusuallyagreaterworldlyinterestandgreatertoleranceinmixedsocieties.（87）Allthesefactorstendtopromotesocialchangebyopeningmoreareasoflifetodecision.Inasocietywherepeoplearequitesimilarinmanyways,therearefeweroccasionsforpeopletoseetheneedortheopportunityforchangebecauseeverythingseemstobethesame.Andalthoughconditionsmaynotbesatisfactory,theyareatleastcustomaryandundisputed.

　Withinasociety,socialchangeisalsolikelytooccurmorefrequentlyandmorereadilyinthematerialaspectsoftheculturethaninthenon-material,forexample,intechnologyratherthaninvalues;

inwhathasbeenlearnedlaterinliferatherthanwhatwaslearnedearly;

inthelessbasicandlessemotionalaspectsofsocietythanintheiropposites;

inthesimpleelementsratherthaninthecomplexones;

informratherthaninsubstance;

andinelementsthatareacceptabletothecultureratherthaninstrangeelements.

　　Furthermore,socialchangeiseasierifitisgradual.Forexample,itcomesmorereadilyinhumanrelationsonacontinuousscaleratherthanonewithsharpdichotomies（一分为二）.（88）ThisisonereasonwhychangehasnotcomemorequicklytoBlackAmericansascomparedtootherAmericanminorities,becauseofthesharpdifferenceinappearancebetweenthemandtheirwhitecounterparts.

　21.Thepassageismainlydiscussing__________.

　　A.thenecessityofsocialchange

B.certainfactorsthatdeterminetheeasewithwhichsocialchangesoccur

　C.twodifferentsocieties

D.certainfactorsthatpromotesocialchange

　　22.______isoneofthefactorsthattendtopromotesocialchange.

　　A.Jointinterest　　B.Differentpointsofview

　　C.LessemotionalpeopleD.Advancedtechnology

　　23.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

　　A.Socialchangetendstomeetwithmoredifficultyinbasicandemotionalaspectsofsociety.

　　B.Disagreementwithandargumentaboutconditionstendtoslowdownsocialchange.

　　C.Socialchangeismorelikelytooccurinthematerialaspectofsociety.

　　D.Socialchangeislesslikelytooccurinwhatpeoplelearnedwhentheywereyoung.

　　24.Theexpression"

greatertolerance"

（paragraph1）refersto_____.

　　A.“greaterwillingnesstoacceptsocialchange”

　　B.quickeradaptationtochangingcircumstances"

　　D."

morerespectfordifferentbeliefsandbehavior"

　　D.greaterreadinesstoagreetodifferentopinionsandideas"

　　25.Socialchangeislesslikelytooccurinasocietywherepeoplearequitesimilarinmanywaysbecause________.

　　A.peopletherehavegotsoaccustomedtotheirconditionsthatthey

seldomthinkitnecessarytochange

　　B.peopletherehaveidenticalneedsthatcanbesatisfiedwithoutmuch

difficulty

　　C.peoplethereareeasytoplease

　　D.peopletherearelessdisputed

MoreonyourPlate

Foryearsithasbeenpossibletosetupcamerastotakepicturesofcarsastheyspeedalonghighways,jumplightsordrivetoofastdownthestreet.However，evenifthepicturesaretakenautomatically,someonestillhastodoallthepaperworkofsendingoutfines.ButnowaBritishcompanycalledEEVhascomeupwithacomputerizedvideosystemthatcandoitallautomatically.

Theysuggestthatallnumberplateshaveabarcode（条形码）aswellastheusualnumber.Thebarcodesarejuststripesoflineslikethoseyouseeonfoodpacketsbutbigger.EEVshighspeedvideocamerasystemcanreadabar-codednumberplateevenifthecarisdoingover100milesperhour.Thecomputercontrollingthesystemcouldthenusetheinformationfromthebarcodetofindoutthenameandaddressofthedriver（fromthecarrecords），printoutthefineandsenditoffautomatically.Theinventorsalsosuggestthatthesystemshouldwatchtraffictohelpcatchstolencars.

Thenewelectronicsystemcouldbewatchingeveryonethatpassesthecameras！

（89）Manypeoplefindtheideathat“bigbrotheriswatchingyou”ismoreofaworrythanafewmotoristsgettingawaywithdrivingtoofast.Besides,somepeoplewillbeveryunhappytorealizethatwiththenewsystemthepolicecouldfindoutwhereaparticularcarhasbeen.

26.Analternative“summary”titleforthearticlecouldbe.

A.PeopleWhoDriveTooFastB.StopPeoplefromDrivingTooFast

C.EEVandthePoliceSystem

D.ImplicationsofComputerizedSystemforMotoringOffenses

27.Atraditionalfunctionofthecameraasusedbythetrafficpolice

systemisto.

A.takesnapshotsofcarsonhighwaysB.catchcarsviolatingtrafficrulesC.sendfinestofastmotoristsD.makethetrafficsystemfullyautomatic28.Thenewly-inventedsystemfunctionsmoreefficientlywiththeaidof________.

A.carnumberB.vehiclespeedingrecords

C.barcodednumbersonnumberplatesD.print-outfines

29.AllofthefollowingnamescanbeusedtodescribeEEV’sdevice

except.

A.acomputerizedvideosystemB.“BigBrother”

C.anelectronicsystemD.anautomaticfineprinter

30.Anadditionalfunctionofthenewsystemisthatitcould.

A.addcodenumbers

B.helpcatchstolencar

C.watcheveryonethatdrivestoofast

D.printoutbarcodesautomatically

（90）Sincethebeginningofhistory,manhasbeenattractedbytheideaoflivingforever,ofwiningthefightagainstdeathanddisease．Sofar,thishasonlyremainedadream,thoughaverypowerfulone．Manypeoplehavewonderedwhetheritwouldbepossibletofindawaytopreservehumanbodies,andwhatwouldbethebestwaytopreservehumanbodies．

Ithaslongbeenknownthatmeatoffruitcanbekeptfreshforlongperiodsbyfreezing;

inancientChina,forexample,foodwasstoredwithicetokeepitfresh．Thismethodcouldalsobeusefulforpreservinghumans,andinfactmanypeoplehaveexploredthispossibility．

However,mostlivingbeingsthatexistunderwarmconditionsdiewhenfrozen．Thisisbecauseoftheharmfuleffectsoffreezingicecrystals（晶体）,whicharenotonlylargerthanthevolumeofthewateroriginallyinthecells,butalsoformsharpcuttingshapesthatharmsthecells．

Inthe1940sDrB．J．LuyetandagroupofscientistsinEnglandwereworkingontheproblemoffreezingcellswithoutdamagingthem．Sincetheharmcausedbyicecrystalswasthemaincauseofthedamage,Luyetsuggestedremovingsomeorallofthewaterfromthecellsbeforefreezingthem．

Usinglivingcellsfromchicken,Luyetandhisassistantsdiscoveredthattheycouldpartlydrythechickencells,using