鲁滨逊漂流记论文设计Word下载.docx

鲁滨逊漂流记论文设计Word下载.docx

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专业：

英语年级：

2012级

学生：

明灿学号：

1205080301

指导教师：

芬职称:

副教授

题目:

HowCharacterInfluencesFateinRobinsonCrusoe

从《鲁滨逊漂流记》中看性格对命运的影响

2016年4月30日

工商学院

本科毕业论文（设计）原创性声明

本人重声明：

所呈交的论文是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的研究成果。

除了文中特别加以标注引用的容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写的成果作品。

本人完全意识到本声明的法律后果由本人承担。

作者签名：

年月日

Acknowledgements

Iwouldliketoexpressmygratitudetoallthosewhohelpedmeduringthewritingofthisthesis.MydeepestgratitudegoesfirsttoProfessorLiu,mysupervisor,forherconstantencouragementandguidance.Shehaswalkedmethroughallthestagesofthewritingofthisthesis.Withoutherconsistentandilluminatinginstruction,thisthesiscouldnothavereacheditspresentform.Second,thanksarealsodueforhelpwaystootherteachers,fortheirlecturesduringmystudies,whichhavelaidthesolidfoundationformystudies,andtoallmyfriendsandclassmates,whohaveshowntheirconcernsandhelpwhichhavemademystudiesmorebearable.

Lastbutnotleast,Ifeelverygratefultomyfamilyfortheirselfnessandpersistentsupportformystudies.

从《鲁滨逊漂流记》中看性格对命运的影响

摘　要

《鲁滨逊漂流记》是笛福最最杰出的作品。

讲述了主人公鲁滨逊在荒岛上独自生活了28年的故事。

他通过自己不轻言放弃、坚忍不拔的精神，与大自然作抗争，最终存活下来，并回到了自己的家乡。

本论文通过对《鲁滨逊漂流记》相关材料的收集和研究，从性格与命运的关系来研究原著。

在物质生活必需品匮乏和没有安全保障的情况下，鲁滨逊独自在孤岛上生活了二十八年。

通过对原著以及相关书记的研究很好的解释了鲁滨逊能幸存下来的原因，不难得到正是因为他的不放弃生的希望，不断创新，坚持不懈，才使得他得以幸存下来，并创造自己的王国。

这个物欲横流、金钱至上、经济腾飞的时代，相较于前人所研究的乌托邦，18世纪的英国社会等研究，主人公面对不幸越挫越勇，将不利变为有利，将绊脚石变垫脚石的态度，更值得当代人去学习。

人们可以学习主人公的努力劳动，坚持不懈，不断创新，从不言弃，从而创造属于自己的美好明天。

关键词：

《鲁滨逊漂流记》;

积极；

性格；

不幸；

坚持不懈；

命运

HowCharacterInfluencesFateinRobinsonCrusoe

Abstract

RobinsonCrusoeisthefirstandthemostoutstandingnovelwrittenbyDanielDefoe,whichnarratesthehero,Robinsonlivedaliveinaisolateislandalonefor28years.Withhisspiritofnevergiveupandpersistence,hefoughtagainstnaturaladversityandsurvivedinsuchsituationandfinallyreturnedhishometown.Thispaperaimstostudyandexpressesthefamousnovelbytherelationshipbetweencharacterandfatebasedonrelevantmaterials.Withthelackingofthenecessitiesonhislivingandwithoutanyguaranteeofhislife,RobinsonCrusoelivedonanisolatedislandforalmost28years.Basedonthestudyoftheoriginalbookandotherrelatedbooks,itiseasytomakeaconclusionthatRobinsoncouldsurvivedandcreatedhisownkingdomwasduetohishardworking,nevergivingupthehopeofsurvival,stillthinkingalotofcreatingandremorseless.However,inthismoney-centered,money-paramountandhigh-speedboomperiod,paredwithUtopia,thesocietyofthe18thcenturyinEnglishandstudieswrittenbyotherauthors,theattitudeofthehero’sdealingwiththeadversityrightly,turningtheadversityintoadvantage,andturningthestumblingstoneintosteppingstonearemoreusefulforpeopletolearn.Peoplecouldcreateabetterfuturebylearningthehero’shardworking,persistence,creativityandnevergivingup.

Keywords：

RobinsonCrusoe;

Positive;

Characters;

Adversity;

Persistence;

Fate

Contents

Acknowlegementsi

2.LiteratureReview…………………………………………………………..…2

1.Introduction

RobinsonCrusoeisthefirstandthemostoutstandingnovelwrittenbyDanielDefoe.Ifeverthestoryofanyprivateman’sadventureintheworldwereworthmakingpublic,andweretheacceptablewhenpublished,RobinsonCrusoewillbeso.RobinsonCrusoe,whichisknownasthefirsttruenovelinEnglish,isatextmuchmalignedbycertaincriticsontheleft.Itis,however,notanovelthatunambiguouslyextolsthevirtuesofthebourgeoislife.（MarxcriticizedRobinsonCrusoeasacelebrationofbourgeoisindividualism.Crusoesurvivesaloneandlivesalone:

bourgeoisindividualistsare‘Robinsonades’.）Tobehonest,Robinsonlivesoffthewreckageofaship-a‘civilization’whichhadimprisonedDanielDefoealot.Defoewasaself-mademan.Duringhisearlyyearsasabusinessman,hetravelledwidelyonthecontinentandlearnedhalfadozenEuropeanlanguages.Hehadanactivemindandshowedextraordinaryenergy,takinginterestsinagreatmanythings.ThesetraitsarejustshowedonRobinson.

ThereisnodoubtthatRobinsonCrusoeisagreatherowrittenbyDanielDefoe.ThoughRobinsonismyth,hetellspeoplethetruththatweshouldfightagainstadversityproperly.RobinsonCrusoe’slifeisfullofmagicstories.HewasborninagoodfamilyinthecityofYork.Oncehisfathersaid,“Itwasthebeststateintheworld,themostsuitedtohumanhappiness,notexposedtothemiseriesandhardships,thelaborandsufferingsofthemechanicpartofmankindandnotembarrassedwiththepride,luxury,ambition,andenvyoftheupperpartofmankind.”（DanielDefoe,1997）Butowingtohisramblingthoughtsaboutsailing,hetooksailasajobagainsthisparents’willingness.However,unfortunately,hewascaughtbyTurkishbuccaneersandbecameaslaveattheAfricanshore.Becauseoftheunbearablelife,heluckilyescapedfromhisPatroninaboat.Thenhewassavedbyafreighter.AndhewassenttoBrazilsafely.

Thepurposeofthispaperistodiscusshowcharacterinfluencesaperson’slifeandfate,especiallythepositivecharacters.Andhowpeoplemakefulluseofthosecharactersandkeepapathtowardstheirsatisfactoryandsuccessfullifeandcareer.

2.LiteratureReview

WhendiscussingaboutthecharactersbasedonRobinsonCrusoe,mostaimtoillustrateandexpressthathowcharactersoftheheroinfluencehislife.Forinstance,HeYang（2000）conveyshisideathatthisfabulousnovelparesthehero’splicatedcharactersthroughdescribinghisattitudeandreationstowarddifferentsituations.Suchasdiligence,selfishness,hypocrisy,strength,etc.Moreover,ZhangTiannan（2015）andHuangShouyou（2002）discussedthatthemiracleRobinsoncreatedwasowingtohispersonalcharacters.Huangplacesanemphasisonthehero’simage----atypical“ideal”bourgeoisindividualwhoisequippedwithdiligenceandrigorousspirit,andpraiseshispersonalvalueandrationalthoughts.Besides,likeZhaoKun（2014）saidinhisrecentbook,thisnovelispopularamongpublicresultsfromrespectandadmiretoRobinsonwhofoughtagainstnaturaldifficultiesbravelyandsuccessfully.Ontheotherhand,hedescribesthatitisinstrumentalandconducivetoeducateteenagers’personalitiesandminds.SincethosecharactersRobinsonpossessed,helivedmorethan20yearsaloneinanisolateisland.Whenfacingwithadversityandformidabledifficulties,Robinsonmanagedtotakeactivemeasurestotacklethemandadaptedhimselftothatenvironment.ThoseresearcheshavediscussedthepersonalitiesandinfluenceonRobinson’slife,whichishelpfulforreaderstolearn.

ThisthesiswillanalyzetheimageofRobinsonfromtheperspectiveofhispositivecharacter.Tosomeextent,thereisnodoubtthathispositivecharactershaveagreatimpactontoday’speoplefromallwalksandlife.Itisquiteunderstandthatwecanlearnalessonfromhisexperience.Apartfromthesestudiesandanalysis,whatIwanttomentionisthatthepositiveimageofRobinson,alsohisfavorablespiritstillhavesignificantandeducationalmeaninginmodernday.

3.HowCharacterInfluencesFateinRobinsonCrusoe

3.1HardworkingVSSuccess

Inthenovel,thehardworkofRobinsonshowsthecharactersofhumanlabor.Whenhetooktheremainedthingsfromtheshipwhichhadnotsunkintotheoceanenough,heexpectedtheutilitiesofeverythinghetookonshore.Tillhehadfastenedhisrafttobestrongenoughtobearanyreasonableweight,thenhecareaboutwhattoloaditwithandhowtopreservewhathelainuponitfromthesurfofthesea.Firstly,heloadedprovisionsuchassomebread,rice,threeDutchcheeses,andfivepiecesofdriedgoatskinflash,whichhewouldlivemuchupon.Hethenfoundsomeclothesfortheymightkeephimoutofcoldwhichmadehimoutofcold.Thethingthathewantedmostwasthecarpenter’schest,inwhichthereweremanyvaluabletools,forhispurposeofcultivatingtheislandforsurvival.Thenhecaredaboutsomeammunitionandarms,becausetheycouldprotectthemselvesfrombeingattackedbydangerousanimals.

WhenRobinsonrecognizedhewastheonlyonesurvivedontheisland,hebegantoconsiderthesecurityofhimselfwhilehewasabandonedonadesertisland.Honestly,hewasfloppedintoaprimitivestatefromhiscapitalistsociety.Thoughhehadbroughtnecessitiesfromtheship,however,theyalsocouldturntobelimitedforhimtoliveontheisland,foritwasnotasingleortwodays.Sohehadtoexplorethenatureandmadehimselfsecuredontheisland.Robinsonwasactuallyamanintheprimitivesocietywiththeconceptofbourgeoisie.EngelssaidRobinsonwasarealcapitalist.Hefeltfortunatetofindhimselfwasstillalive,however,thefearstruckintohismindthathemightbeattackedbysomedangerousanimals.

Tokeepinsafety,thefirstresponseistokeepadistancefromdanger.Itisalsotheeffectivewayandtheonlywaytopreserveone’slifeindesperation.Robinsongotupintoathickbushytreewhichwasnearhim,andwhereheresolvedtositallnight,andconsidered“whatdeathheshoulddye”hecutashortstickforhisdefensebeforehegotsleep.FirststepofthebuildingbyRobinson,hishabitationwasjustlikeacountry,andseekedaproperplacetolivewherehisgoodscouldbestoredfromwhatevermighthappen.Whenhegotarafttogetnecessitiesfromthesinkingship,hewas“undersomeapprehensionsduringmyabsencefromtheland,thatatleastmyprovisionsmightbedevouredonshore”havingfinishedhistransportationofprovisions,hereturnedtohistentwhere“Ilaywithallmywealthaboutmeverysecure”hebuiltstudyfenceanddoornotonlyforthepurposeofprote