电梯的电气系统维护毕业设计.docx

电梯的电气系统维护毕业设计.docx

《电梯的电气系统维护毕业设计.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《电梯的电气系统维护毕业设计.docx（79页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

电梯的电气系统维护毕业设计

电梯的电气系统维护毕业设计

1.毕业实践任务书----------------------------------------------------------1

2.外文翻译---------------------------------------------------------------2

3.毕业实践调研报告--------------------------------------------------------10

4.毕业设计说明书----------------------------------------------------------13

5.附录-------------------------------------------------------------------36

6．毕业设计总结-----------------------------------------------------------51

7.参考文献----------------------------------------------------------------35

Thehistoryandfutureoftheelevator

Lifttheinventionprocess

Elevatoraccesstopeople'sliveshavebeen150years.

1854,atCrystalPalaceinNewYorkWorld'sFair,American•ElishaGravesOtis•Thefirsttoshowtheworldhisinvention.Hestoodfullyloadedelevatorplatform,thecommandassistantpulleduptotheplatformcanbefoundontheheightoftheaudience,andthensendasignalthathelperliftwiththeaxandcutoffthepullingcable.Surprisingly,aliftanddidnotcrash,butfirmlyfixedintheair-Mr.Otisinventedtheelevatorsafetydeviceplayedarole."Allsafe,gentlemen."Standingonaliftplatform,Mr.Otiswavedaroundpeoplewatching.Noonewouldthink,thisisasafeliftofhumanhistory.

Liftingtoolfortransportofgoodsforhumanuse,staffextremelylonghistory.Asearlyas2600BC,theEgyptiansbuiltthepyramidsontheuseofthemostoriginalliftingsystem,thebasicprincipleofthissystemhasremainedunchanged:

thatis,acounterweightisdeclining,theloadplatformrise.Fundamentaltotheearlyliftingofhuman-poweredtools.1203,theFrenchcoastinamonasteryandinstalledacranedrivenbydonkey,thisendedthehistorywiththehumantransportingheavyloads.Wattinventedthesteamengine,Britishscientists,thecranebegantousesteam-powereddevices.FollowedbyWilliamThomsondeveloped•Hydraulic-drivenlift,hydraulicmediumiswater.Onthebasisoftheselifts,generationaftergenerationofinnovativeengineerslifttechnologyisconstantlyimproving.However,akeysecurityissuehasnotbeenresolved,itispulleduptheropeoncetheliftwasbroken,theloadplatformtocrashwilloccur.

Mr.Otisinventedthecompletelyrewrittenthehistoryofhumanuseliftingtools.Sincethen,taketheliftisnolongera"bravegame",andaliftintheworldarewidelyused.December1889,theUnitedStatestocreateaveritableOtiselevator,whichusesDCmotordriven,wormgeardrivenbyaropewoundaroundthedrum,andliftthecarflying.In1892,theUnitedStatesOtisbegantousebuttoncontroldevicesinsidethecartoreplacethetraditionalwayofpullingtheropemanipulation,modernizethewayopenforthemanipulationofprecedent.

Lifegoeson,scienceandtechnologyindevelopment,theelevatorisalsoprogress.150years,liftmaterialfromtheblackandwhitetocolor,style,inclinedfromtheverticaltothemanipulationofcontrolisanewstepbystep-thehandleswitchcontrol,buttoncontrol,signalcontrol,settheselectioncontrol,man-machinedialogue,etc.,alsoappearedinmorethanoneelevatorinparallelcontrol,intelligentgroupcontrol;double-deckelevatorsshaftshowtosavespaceandenhancethetransportcapacityoftheadvantages;speedtheemergenceofautomaticescalatorsidewalkpedestriansignificantsavingsoftime;differentshapes-fan,triangular,halfdiamond,halfround,thewholeroundofsightseeingelevatormakeslivinginoneofthepassenger'sattentionisnolongerclosed.Today,theUnitedStatesonbehalfofOtisistheworld'sleadingelevatorcompanyinthedevelopmentofwell-knowngrace,arecontinuingthedevelopmentofnewelevators,andcontinuetoimproverepairandmaintenanceservicesystem.FMgated,intelligentremotemonitoring,hostenergy-saving,lownoisecontrolcabinetanddurable,environmentallyfriendlycompositestrip-aleisurelyJinathehumanmachinery,electronics,opticsandotherareasofthelatestscientificresearchanewracetocomeouttheelevator,thebuildingcoldTherefore,thegloryofhumanityscattered,people'slivesarebetter.

ElevatorOrigin

In1887,theUnitedStatesOtistocreatetheworld'sfirstelevator,whichisaDCmotortodrivetheelevator.Itwasinstalledin1889building.Theancientelevatorcanonlygo10metersperminuteorso.Originaldesignoftheelevatorpurelyforeffort.

In1900,theACmotordriveoftheelevatorbegantocomeout.1902,SchindlerofSwitzerlandsuccessfullydevelopedtheworld'sfirstpush-buttonautomaticelevators,withautomaticcontrol,toimprovethetransmissioncapacityoftheelevatorandsecurity.

Withtheemergenceofhigh-risebuilding,elevatordesign,technologyisimproving,theelevatorspeciesalsograduallyincreased.In1900,theUnitedStatesotiscompanyhasbuilttheworld'sfirstescalator.1950,andmadetheinstalledoutsidethebuildingatthetopsightseeingelevator,sopassengersintheelevatorrunningaroundinclearviewoverlooking

AnelevatorfirstappearedinChinainShanghai,isbytheUnitedStatesOtisinstalledin1901.BytheUnitedStatesin1932OtisinstalledtheAstorHotelinTianjinarestillsafeoperationoftheelevator.In1951,theCPCCentralCommitteeproposedtoinstalloneinTiananmenSquareinChinatomanufacturebytheelevatormotorfactoryinTianjinRongfromthebirthdaythenthistask,fourmonthslaterfailintheirmission,successfullycompletedthetask.AftertheThirdPlenarySession,bathedinthespringbreezeofreformandopeningup,China'selevatorindustryenteredaperiodofrapiddevelopment.Now,anycityinChina,iswidelyusedintheelevatorwith.Elevatortothepeople'slivesmadeeasier,butalsofortheaccelerateddevelopmentofChina'smodernizationhasprovidedapowerfulguarantee.

Thecompositionoftheelevator

Tractionsystem

Theprimaryfunctionofthetractionsystemandtransmissionpoweroutput,sothattheliftoperation.

Tractionsystemconsistsoftractors,tractionrope,steeringwheel,anti-roperoundcomposition.

Guidancesystemguidancesystemmainfunctionistolimittheactivitiesofcarandheavydegreesoffreedom,sothecaralongtherailsandcanonlybeliftingheavyexercise.

Orientedsystemiscomposedofrails,guideshoesandguideframe.

Carisacartotransportpassengersandcargoelevatorcomponents,theworkispartoftheelevator.

Carcarbythecarframeandbodycomposition.

Doorsystemdoorsystem'smainfunctionistosealtheentranceandcarlandingentrance.

Doorsystemfromthecardoor,floordoor,openthedoor,lockdevicecomposition.

Weightbalancesystemmainfunctionistobalancethecarrelativetotheweightoftheworkintheelevatorcarandmakethedifferenceinweightbetweenthecounterweighttokeepwithinthelimits,toensurethatthetractionelevatordrivenormal.

Systemismainlycomposedoftheweightandtheweightcompensationdevicecomposition.

Electricdrivesystem,electricdrivesystemfunctionistoprovidepower,theimplementationoftheelevatorspeedcontrol.

Electricdrivesystemconsistsofthetractionmotor,powersupplysystem,thespeedfeedbackdevice,motorspeedcontroldeviceandothercomponents.

Electricalcontrolsystemelectricalcontrolsystem'smainfunctionistoimplementtheoperationoftheelevatormanipulationandcontrol.

Electricalcontrolsystemconsistsofcontrolunit,positiondisplaydevice,thecontrolscreen（cabinet）,levelingdevices,devicescomposedoflayerselection.

Securitysystemtoensurethesafeuseofelevators,topreventanythreattopersonalsafetyaccidents.

Bytheelevatorgovernor,safetygear,bumpers,safetytouchpanels,floordoorlocks,windowliftsafety,elevatoroverloadlimitingdevice,limitswitchdevicecomposition.

Theworkingprincipleoftractionelevatorropeattachedtobothendsofthecarandheavy,wrappedinthewheelandguidewheeltraction,thetractionmotorthroughspeedreducerdrivesheaveaftertherotation,bytheropeandthetractionwheeltractionfrictiontraction,toachievetheliftingofheavycarandsports,totransportationpurposes.Fixedinthecarontheguideshoescanbeinstalledinthebuildingsalongthewallsontheshaftbackandforthmovementatafixedrailtopreventthecarrunninginthedeflectionoroscillation.NCblockbrakeBrakeworkinthemotor,sothattheliftoperation,incaseoflossofpowerbrakestopsthecardown,andstandonthespecifiedlayertomaintainitsrestingstate,forpersonsandgoodsaccess.Carwascarryingpassengersorotherloadsoftheboxcomponents,tobalancethecarontheheavyload,reducingmotorpower.Tractionropecompensatingdevicetocompensateforthemovementofthetensionandweightchange,sothatthetractionmotorloadstability,stopthecartobeaccurate.Electricalsystemtoachievethemovementoftheelevatorcontrol,whilecompleteselectionlayer,flatfloor,speedandlightingwork.Callsystematanytimedirectthemovementofthecarshowsthedirectionandthelocationwherethefloor.Safetydevicestoensurethesafeoperationoftheelevator.

Thehistoryandfutureoftheelevator

Mainlybythemodernelevatortractionmachine（winch）,guidesthecounterweight,safetydevices（suchasgovernor,safetygearandbuffers,etc.）,signalcontrolsystems,carandlandingdoorsandothercomponents.Thesesectionswereinstalledinthebuildingwellandmachineroom.Commonlyusedfrictiondriverope,wireropearoundthetractionsheave,bothendsareconnectedtothecarandcounterweight,motor-driventractionwheeltothecarlift.Liftrequiredsafetyandreliability,transmissionefficiency,levelingaccuracyandridecomfort.Thebasicparametersofthemai