四级阅读真题及答案.docx

四级阅读真题及答案.docx

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四级阅读真题及答案

2020年6月四级阅读真题及答案

2020年6月四级阅读真题及答案

SectionA

Directions：

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Globalwarmingisatrendtowardwarmerconditionsaroundtheworld.Partofthewarmingisnatural;wehaveexperienceda20,000-year-longwarmingasthelasticeageendedandtheice36away.However,wehavealreadyreachedtemperaturesthatarein37withotherminimum-iceperiods,socontinuedwarmingislikelynotnatural.Weare38toapredictedworldwideincreaseintemperatures39between1and6coverthenext100years.Thewarmingwillbemore40insomeareas,lessinothers,andsomeplacesmayevencooloff.Likewise,the41ofthiswarmingwillbeverydifferentdependingonwhereyouare—coastalareasmustworryaboutrisingsealevels,whileSiberiaandnorthernCanadamaybecomemorehabitable（宜居的）and42forhumansthantheseareasarenow.

Thefactremains,however,thatitwilllikelygetwarmer,on43,everywhere.Scientistsareingeneralagreementthatthewarmerconditionswehavebeenexperiencingareatleastinparttheresultofahuman-inducedglobalwarmingtrend.Somescientists44thatthechangesweareseeingfallwithintherangeofrandom（无规律的）variation—someyearsarecold,otherswarm,andwehavejusthadanunremarkablestringofwarmyears45—butthatisbecominganincreasinglyrareinterpretationinthefaceofcontinuedandincreasingwarmconditions.

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A）appealingI）melted

B）averageJ）persist

C）contributingK）ranging

D）dramaticL）recently

E）frequentlyM）resolved

F）impactN）sensible

G）lineO）shock

H）maintain

参考答案

36.melted

37.line

38.contributing

39.ranging

40.dramatic

41.impact

42.appealing

43.average

44.maintain

45.recently

SectionB

Directions：

Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.EachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphsIdentifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

TheEndoftheBook?

[A]Amazon,byfarthelargestbooksellerinthecountry,reportedonMay19thatitisnowsellingmorebooksinitselectronicKindleformatthanintheoldpaper-and-inkformat.Thatisremarkable,consideringthattheKindlehasonlybeenaroundforfouryears.E-booksnowaccountfor14percentofallbooksalesinthecountryandareincreasingfarfasterthanoverallbooksales.E-booksalesareup146percentoverlastyear,whilehardbacksalesincreased6percentandpaperbacksdecreased8percent.

[B]Doesthisspellthedoomofthephysicalbook?

Certainlynotimmediately,andperhapsnotatall.WhatitdoesmeanisthatthebookbusinesswillgothroughatransformationinthenextdecadeorsomoreprofoundthananyithasseensinceGutenbergintroducedprintingfrommoveabletypeinthe1450s.

[C]Physicalbookswillsurelybecomemuchrarerinthemarketplace.Massmarketpaperbacks,whichhavebeendecliningforyearsanyway,willprobablydisappear,aswillhardbacksformysteries,thrillers,“romancefiction,”etc.

Suchbooks,whichonlyrarelyendupinpermanentcollections,eitherprivateorpublic,willprobablyonlybeavailablease-bookswithinafewyears.Hardbackandtradepaperbacksfor“serious”nonfictionandfictionwillsurelylastlonger.Perhapsitwillbecomethemarkofanauthortoreckonwiththatheorsheisstillpublishedinhardcopy.

[D]Asforchildren'sbooks,whoknows?

Children's

booksarelikedogfoodinthatthepurchasersarenottheconsumers,sothemarket（andthemarketing）isinherentlystrange.

[E]Forcluestothebook'sfuture,let'slookatsome

examplesoftechnologicalchangeandseewhathappenedtotheoldtechnology.

[F]Onetechnologyreplacesanotheronlybecausethenewtechnologyisbetter,cheaper,orboth.Thegreaterthedifference,thesoonerandmorethoroughlythenewtechnologyreplacestheold.Printingwithmoveabletypeonpaperdramaticallyreducedthecostofproducingabookcomparedwiththeold-fashionedoneshandwrittenonvellum,whichcomesfromsheepskin.ABible—tobesure,alongbookrequiredvellummadefrom300sheepskinsandcountlessmanhoursoflabor.Beforeprintingarrived,aBiblecostmorethanamiddle-classhouse.Therewereperhaps50,000booksinallofEuropein1450.By1500therewere10million.

[G]Butwhileprintingquicklycausedthehandwrittenbooktodieout,handwritinglingeredon（继续存有）wellinto

the16thcentury.Veryspecialbooksarestilloccasionallyproducedonvellum,buttheyareone-of-a-kindshowpieces.

[H]Sometimesanewtechnologydoesn'tdrivetheoldoneout,butonlypartsofitwhileforcingtheresttoevolve.Themovieswerewidelypredictedtodrivelivetheateroutofthemarketplace,buttheydidn't,becausetheaterturnedout

tohavequalitiesmoviescouldnotreproduce.Equally,TVwassupposedtoreplacemoviesbut,again,didnot.

[I]Moviesdid,however,fatallyimpactsomepartsoflivetheater.AndwhileTVdidn'tkillmovies,itdidkill

second-ratepictures,shorts,andcartoons.

[J]NordidTVkillradio.Comedyanddramashows（“Jack

Benny,”“AmosandAndy,”“TheShadow”）allmigratedtotelevision.Butbecauseyoucan'tdriveacarandwatch

televisionatthesametime,rushhourbecameradio'sprime,

whilemusic,talk,andnewsradiogreatlyenlargedtheiraudiences.Radioistodayaverydifferentbusinessthaninthelate1940sandamuchlargerone.

[K]Sometimesoldtechnologylingersforcenturiesbecauseofitssymbolicpower.Mountedcavalry（骑兵）

replacedthechariot（二轮战车）onthebattlefieldaround1000BC.ButchariotsmaintainedtheirplaceinparadesandtriumphsrightupuntiltheendoftheRomanEmpire1,500

yearslater.Theswordhasn'thadamilitaryfunctionfora

hundredyears,butisstillpartofanofficer'sfull-dress

uniform,preciselybecauseaswordalwayssymbolized“an

officerandagentleman.”

[L]Sometimesnewtechnologyisalittlecranky（不稳定的）

atfirst.Televisionrepairmanwasacommonoccupationinthe1950s,forinstance.Andsotheoldtechnologyremainsasabackup.SteamshipscapturedtheNorthAtlanticpassengerbusinessfromsailinthe1840sbecauseofitsmuchgreaterspeed.Butsteamshipsdidn'tlosetheirsailsuntilthe1880s,becauseearlymarineengineshadanastyhabitofbreakingdown.Untilshipsbecamelargeenough（andenginessmallenough）tomounttwoenginessidebyside,theyneededtokeepsails.（Thehighcostofsteamandthelesserneedforspeedkeptthemajorityoftheworld'soceanfreight

movingbysailuntiltheearlyyearsofthe20thcentury.）

[M]Thenthereisthefireplace.Centralheatingwaspresentineveryupper-andmiddle-classhomebythesecondhalfofthe19thcentury.Butfunctioningfireplacesremaintothisdayapowerfulsellingpointinahouseorapartment.Isuspectthereasonisadeep-rootedloveofthefire.Firewasoneoftheearliestmajortechnologicaladvancesforhumankind,providingheat,protection,andcookedfood（whichismucheasiertocatanddigest）.Humancontroloffiregoesbackfarenough（overamillionyears）thatevolutioncouldhaveproducedageneticleaningtowardsfireasacentralaspectofhumanlife.

[N]Books—especiallybookstheaveragepersoncouldafford—haven'tbeenaroundlongenoughtoproduce

evolutionarychangeinhumans.Buttheyhaveapowerfulholdonmanypeoplenonetheless,aholdextendingfarbeyondtheirliterarycontent.Attheirbest,theyareworksofartandthereisatactile（触觉的）pleasureinbooksnecessarilylost

ine-bookversions.Theabilitytoquicklythumbthroughpagesisalsolost.Andaroomwithbooksinitinduces,atleastinsome,afeelingnotdissimilartothatofafireinthefireplaceonacoldwinter'snight.

[O]ForthesereasonsIthinkphysicalbookswillhavealongerexistenceasacommercialproductthansomecurrentlypredict.Likeswords,bookshavesymbolicpower.Likefireplaces,theyinduceasenseofcomfortandwarmth.And,perhaps,similartosails,theymakeausefulback-upforwhenthelightsgoout.

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

46.Authorsstillpublishedinprintedversionswillbeconsideredimportantones.

47.Somepeoplearestillinfavorofprintedbooksbecauseofthesenseoftouchtheycanprovide.

48.Theradiobusinesshaschangedgreatlyandnowattractsmorelisteners.

49.Contrarytomanypeople'spredictionofitsdeath,

thefilmindustrysurvived.

50.Remarkablechangeshavetakenplaceinthebookbusiness.

51.Oldtechnologysometimescontinuestoexistbecauseofitsreliability.

52.Theincreaseofe-booksaleswillforcethebookbusinesstomakechangesnotseenforcenturies.

53.Anewtechnologyisunlikelytotaketheplaceofanoldonewithoutaclearadvantage.

54.Paperbacksofpopularliteraturearemorelikelytobereplacedbye-books.

55.Ahousewithafireplacehasastrongerappealtobuyers.

参考答案

46.CPhysicalbookswillsurelybecomemuchrarerinthemarketplace….

47.NBooks—especiallybookstheaverage

48.JNordidTVkillradio

49.HSometimesanewtechnologydoesnt…

50.AAmazon,byfarthelargest

51.LSometimesoldtechnologylingersfor

52.BDoesthisspellthed