汽车专业毕业设计 翻译 中英文全quasiturbine future trends in automobile engine.docx

汽车专业毕业设计 翻译 中英文全quasiturbine future trends in automobile engine.docx

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汽车专业毕业设计翻译中英文全quasiturbinefuturetrendsinautomobileengine

Thisdocumentisavailableat

SeminarReport

QuasiturbineFutureTrends

in

AutomobileEngine

By

PRADHANKALPESHHEMANT（B.EMECHANICAL）

N.D.M.V.P.S.’sCOLLEGEOFENGINEERING

GANGAPURROAD,NASIK-422013INDIA

kalp_pr13@kalpeshpradhan@

January2006

ABSTRACT

Theinventorshavemadeasystematicanalysisofengineconcepts,theirvalue,theirweaknesses,andtheirpotentialforimprovement.Allimprovementideasconvergedwhentheysuggestedmakingaturbo-shaftturbinehavingonlyoneturbineinoneplane...Inordertoachievethat,theinventorshadtoattachtheturbinebladesonetoanotherinachainlikeconfiguration,wheretherotoractsascompressorforaquarterofaturn,andasenginethenextquarterofaturn...ThisistheQuasiturbine!

Manyresearchesaregoingontoincreaseenergyefficiencyonthelongtermwithpiston,hydrogen,fuelcell...Hybridconceptsarewaystoharvestpartofthe"lowpowerefficiencypenalty"ofthepistonengineusedinvehicle,butcounter-productivemeasureslimitthelongtermperspectiveuntiltheycouldefficientlyfuelfromtheelectricalgrid.Noneofthesesolutionsareshorttermstableandcompetitive.

TheQuasiturbineinBeaudeRocha（Otto）cycleisarelativelysimpletechnologywhichcouldbewidelyusedwithinafewyearswithsubstantialefficiencybenefitsoverpistonenginesinmanyapplications.Largeutilityplantsconvertenergymoreefficientlythansmalldistributedunitsandshouldbefavoredwhenpossible,butonthelongterm,theQuasiturbinedetonationengine（ACmodelwithcarriages）isoneoftheveryfewmeanstomatchutilityefficiencythedistributedway,whilebeingaschemicallycleanaspossible.

Byoppositiontodozensofnewenginedesigns,themostimportantatthistimeabouttheQuasiturbineisthefactthatitdoesunknotanewfieldofdevelopmentandoffersmeanstoachievewhatnootherenginedesignhassuggestedorisableto,andspeciallyfordetonationwherepistonenginehasfailedforover40years...

INDEX

∙WhatisQuasiturbine?

∙Howitworks?

∙Howdoesitturn?

∙WhyistheQuasiturbineHydrogenEngine

superiortoconventionalICengine?

∙AdvantagesofQuasiturbine

∙ApplicationsofQuasiturbine

∙Conclusion

∙References

∙WhatisQuasiturbine?

TheQuasiturbine（Qurbine）isanocrankshaftrotaryenginehavinga4facesarticulatedrotorwithafreeandaccessiblecenter,rotatingwithoutvibrationnordeadtime,andproducingastrongtorqueatlowRPMunderavarietyofmodesandfuels.TheQuasiturbinedesigncanalsobeusedasanairmotor,steamengine,gascompressororpump.TheQuasiturbineisalsoanoptimizationtheoryforextremelycompactandefficientengineconcepts

∙HowitWorks

IntheQuasiturbineengine,thefourstrokesofatypicalcycledeBeaudeRochas（Otto）cyclearearrangedsequentiallyaroundanearoval,unlikethereciprocatingmotionofapistonengine.InthebasicsinglerotorQuasiturbineengine,anovalhousingsurroundsafour-sidedarticulatedrotorwhichturnsandmoveswithinthehousing.Thesidesoftherotorsealagainstthesidesofthehousing,andthecornersoftherotorsealagainsttheinnerperiphery,dividingitintofourchambers.

Quasiturbine

combustioncycle

Intake（aqua）,

Compression（fuchsia）,

Combustion（red）,

Exhaust（black）.

Asparkplugislocated

atthetop（green）

Astherotorturns,itsmotionandtheshapeofthehousingcauseeachsideofthehousingtogetcloserandfartherfromtherotor,compressingandexpandingthechamberssimilarlytothe"strokes"inareciprocatingengine.However,whereasafourstrokepistonengineproducesonecombustionstrokepercylinderforeverytworevolutions,thechambersoftheQuasiturbinerotorgenerateheightcombustion"strokes"pertworotorrevolutions;thisiseighttimesmorethanafour-strokespistonengine.

BecausetheQuasiturbinehasnocrankshaft,theinternalvolumevariationsdonotfollowtheusualsinusoidalenginemovements,whichprovideverydifferentcharacteristicsfromthepistonortheWankelengine.ContrarytotheWankelenginewherethecrankshaftmovestherotarypistonfaceinwardandoutward,eachQuasiturbinerotorfacerocksbackandforthinreferencetotheengineradius,butstaysataconstantdistancefromtheenginecenteratalltime,producingonlypuretangentialrotationalforces.

Thefourstrokespistonhassuchalongdeadtime,itsaveragetorqueisabout1/8ofthepeaktorque,whichdictatetherobustnessofthepistonconstruction.SincetheQuasiturbinehasnotdeadtime,averagetorqueisonly30%lowerthanthepeaktorque,andforthisreason,therelativerobustnessoftheQuasiturbineneedbeonly1/5ofthatofthepiston,allowingforanadditionalengineweightsaving...

∙WhydoesitTurn?

ThisdiagramshowtheforcevectorinaQuasiturbinewhenoneortwoopposedchambersarepressurizedeitherbyfuelcombustion,orbyexternalpressurefluids.Becausethepressurevectorsareoffcenter,theQuasiturbinerotorexperiencesanetrotationalforce.Itisthatsimple!

∙QuasiturbineasanImminentSolution

Manyresearchesaregoingontoincreaseenergyefficiencyonthelongtermwithpiston,hydrogen,fuelcell...Hybridconceptsarewaystoharvestpartofthe"lowpowerefficiencypenalty"ofthepistonengineusedinvehicle,butcounter-productivemeasureslimitthelongtermperspectiveuntiltheycouldefficientlyfuelfromtheelectricalgrid.Noneofthesesolutionsareshorttermstableandcompetitive.

TheQuasiturbineinBeaudeRocha（Otto）cycle（ModelSCwithoutcarriages）isarelativelysimpletechnologywhichcouldbewidelyusedwithinafewyearswithsubstantialefficiencybenefitsoverpistonenginesinmanyapplications.Largeutilityplantsconvertenergymoreefficientlythansmalldistributedunitsandshouldbefavoredwhenpossible,butonthelongterm,theQuasiturbinedetonationengineisoneoftheveryfewmeanstomatchutilityefficiencythedistributedway,whilebeingaschemicallycleanaspossible.

QT-AC（Withcarriages）isintendedfordetonationmode,

wherehighsurface-to-volumeratio

isafactorattenuatingtheviolenceofdetonation.

Byoppositiontodozensofnewenginedesigns,themostimportantatthistimeabouttheQuasiturbineisthefactthatitdoesunknotanewfieldofdevelopmentandoffersmeanstoachievewhatnootherenginedesignhassuggestedorisableto,andspeciallyfordetonationwherepistonenginehasfailedforover40years...

∙WhyistheQuasiturbineHydrogenEngine

superiortoconventionalICengine?

PistonDeficiencies

Pistonenginedeservesrespectandshouldnotbearbitraryandgloballycondemns.Howeverithasdeficienciesthatnooneseemstobewillingtolist?

Hereisourlistofthemainconceptualpistonenginedeficiencies:

∙The4enginestrokesshouldnotbeofequalduration.

∙Thepistonmakespositivetorqueonly17%ofthetimeanddrag83%ofthetime.

∙Thegasflowisnotunidirectional,butchangesdirectionwiththepistondirection. 

∙Whilethepistondescents,theignitionthermalwavefronthashardtimetryingtocatchthegasmovinginthatsamedirection.

∙Thevalvesopenonly20%ofthetime,interruptingtheflowsatintakeandatexhaust80%ofthetime.

∙Thedurationofthepistonresttimeattopandbottomarewithoutnecessitytoolong.

∙Longtopdeadcenterconfinementtimeincreasetheheattransfertotheengineblockreducingengineefficiency.

∙Thenon-abilityofthepistontoproducemechanicalenergyimmediatelyafterthetopdeadcenter.

∙Theproximityoftheintakevalveandtheexhaustvalvepreventsagoodmixturefillingofthechamberandtheopenoverlapletsgosomeun-burntmixtureintotheexhaust.

∙Thenon-abilityofthepistontoefficientlyintakesmixturerightafterthetopdeadcenter.

∙Thepistondoesnotstandfuelpre-vaporization,butrequiresfuelpulverizationdetrimentaltocombustionqualityandenvironment.

∙Theinstantaneoustorqueimpulseisprogressive,andwouldgaintohaveaplateau.

∙Thecomponentsusefactorislow,andthosecomponentswouldgaintobemultifunctional.

∙Theaveragetorqueisonly15%ofthepeaktorque,whichimposesaconstructionrobustnessforthepeak7timestheaverage.

∙Theflywheelisaserioushandicaptoaccelerationsandtothetotalengineweight.

∙Theconnectingrodgivesanobliquepushcomponenttothepiston,whichthenrequiresalubricationofthepistonwall.

∙Thelubricantisalsoheatcoolant,whichrequiresacumbersomepan,andimposeslowengineangleorientations.

∙Theneedofcomplexsetofvalves,ofcameshaftandofinteractivesynchronizationdevices.

∙Thevalvesinertiabeingaseriouslimitationtotheenginerevolution.

∙Theheavypistonenginesrequiresomeresidualcompressedgasbeforetopdeadcentertocushionthepistonreturn.

∙Theinternalengineaccessories（likethecameshaft）useasubstantialpower.

∙Thepoorhomo-kineticgeometryimposesviolentaccelerationsandstopstothepiston.

∙Completereversaloftheflowsfromintaketoexhaust.

∙Quiteimportantnoiselevelandvibration. 

∙Atlowloadfactor,theintakedepressurizationoftheOttocycledissipatespowerfromtheengine（vacuumpumpagainsttheatmosphericpressure）.

Withoutbeingpretentious,thefactisthattheQuasiturbinecorrectsorimproveseachofthesedeficiencies.

SidebySide

Likethepistonengine,theQuasiturbineisavolumemodulatorofhighintensity,andactsasapositivedisplacementengine.Hereisadi