高三英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit2SportseventsA卷课后分.docx
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高三英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit2SportseventsA卷课后分
2021年高三英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit2SportseventsA卷课后分层集训牛津译林版必修
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(xx·东北三省四市教研联合体模拟)Thefollowingsimpleexerciseroutineworksaswellasprescriptionmedication(处方药)withoutsideeffects.
Ajogadaycouldkeepyourheadachesatbay:
regularcardioworkouts(有氧锻炼)maypreventmigraines(偏头痛),agrowingbodyofresearchsuggests.
Migrainepatientshadfewerheadachesafterdoing40minutecyclingworkoutsthreetimesaweekforthreemonths,accordingtoaSwedishstudy.
Theexerciseroutineworkedjustaswellasoneofthetopmigrainepreventingdrugstopamirate—butwithoutsideeffectsofdepressionandtremors(颤抖).
“Cardioworkoutscanhelpwithregularheadaches,too,”saysAlexanderMauskop,M.D.,directoroftheNewYorkHeadacheCenterinManhattan.
Thereareacoupleoftheoriesonhowitworks.
“Breakingasweatmayrelievestress,”saysDr.Mauskop.Headachesareoftentriggeredbystress,andifyouremovethetrigger,youreleasethepain.
Thefeelgoodchemicalsproducedwhenyouexerciseactuallyblockyourpainsensors,actingasanaturalpainkiller.
Sinceheadachescanbecausedbymanydifferentfactorslikegenetics(遗传),lackofsleep,orcertainfoods,thecardioworkoutwon'tbethesolutionforeveryone,Dr.Mauskopsays.ButoneGermanstudyfoundthatithelped65percentofpatients,whichmakesitaseffectiveasthebestmedicinesonthemarket.
Dr.Mauskopremendshispatientsdoahalfhourreasonableintensity(强度)cardioworkout,likejogging,biking,orswimmingthreetimesaweek.Theseworkoutsaremeanttobeslowandsteady,asopposedtohighintensityintervalsthatalternatebetweenalloutrunsandrest.
Pushingyourselftoomuchorincreasingtheintensitytooquicklycantriggerheadachesinsomepeople,somakesureyourheartratedoesn'tjumpabove150BPM.Ifyoudon'thaveaheartratemonitor,thenbreatheonlythroughyournose.You'llknowyou'regoingtoohardifyoucan'tkeepupthatbreathingpattern.
Yourmigrainescouldstartdisappearinginacoupleofweeks,Dr.Mauskopsays.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇研究报告。
研究人员发现,有氧锻炼也许能治疗偏头痛。
1.Accordingtothepassage,theauthormayagreethat________.
A.jogging,swimmingandfishingarecardioworkouts
B.neithercardioworkoutsnortopamiratehassideeffects
C.migrainepatientsmaybecuredbyregularcardioworkouts
D.cardioworkoutswillbethesolutionforeveryonewithmigraines
C [细节理解题。
根据倒数第三段中的“Dr.Mauskopremendshispatientsdoahalfhourreasonableintensity(强度)cardioworkout,likejogging,biking,orswimmingthreetimesaweek.”可知,A项错误;根据第四段的内容可知,B项错误,C项正确;根据倒数第四段中的“thecardioworkoutwon'tbethesolutionforeveryone”可知,D项错误。
]
2.Theunderlinedword“triggered”inParagraph7canbereplacedby“________”.
A.curedB.released
C.causedD.monitored
C [词义猜测题。
根据上文的“Breakingasweatmayrelievestress”和画线词后的“bystress”可知,头疼往往是由压力引起的。
由此可知画线词意为“引起”。
故选C。
]
3.Thefeelgoodchemicalsproducedcanhelpregularheadachesbecause________.
A.theyeasestress
B.theyhelpbreakasweat
C.theypreventmigraines
D.theyblockyourpainsensors
D [细节理解题。
根据第八段中的“Thefeelgoodchemicalsproducedwhenyouexerciseactuallyblockyourpainsensors”可知,选D。
]
4.Whatwouldbethebesttitle?
A.Acureformigraines
B.Sideeffectsofmigraines
C.Thecausesofheadaches
D.Advantagesofcardioworkouts
A [标题判断题。
本文讲述了治疗偏头痛的好办法——进行有氧运动。
故选A。
]
B
(xx·四川绵阳二诊)Lonelinessislikeadisease,andwhat'sworse,it'scontagious.Itcanspreadfromonepersontoanother,accordingtotherecentresearchthatstressesthepowerofoneperson'semotionstoaffectevenpeoplehedoesn'tknow.
Thenewanalysis,involving4,793peoplewhowereinterviewedeverytwoyearsbetweenxxandxx,showedthatafriendofalonelypersonwas52%morelikelytodevelopfeelingsoflonelinessbythetimeofthenextinterview.Afriendofthatpersonwas25%morelikely,andafriendofafriendofafriendwas15%morelikely.
“Lonelinessisnotjustthepropertyofanindividual.Itcanbetransmittedacrosspeople—evenpeopleyoudon'thavedirectcontactwith,”saidJohnT.Cacioppo,apsychologistoftheUniversityofChicagowholedthestudypublishedintheDecemberissueoftheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology.
Lonelinesshasbeenlinkedtomedicalproblems,includingdepression,sleepproblemsandgenerallypoorerphysicalhealth.Identifyingsomeofthecausescouldhelpreducetheemotionandimprovehealth,expertssaid.
Althoughthestudydidnotexaminehowlonelinessspreads,Caciopposaidanotherresearchhasprovidedclues.“Let'ssayforwhateverreasonyougetlonely.Youtheninteractwithotherpeopleinamorenegativefashion.Thatputstheminanegativemoodandmakesthemmorelikelytointeractwithotherpeopleinanegativefashionandtheyminimizetheirsocialtiesandbeelonely,”Caciopposaid.
AccordingtoCacioppo,lonelinessspreadmoreeasilyamongwomenthanmen,perhapsbecausewomenweremorelikelytoexpressemotions.
Lonelypeoplebeelessandlesstrustingothers.Thismakesitmoreandmoredifficultforthemtomakefriends—andmorelikelythatsocietywillrejectthem.Therefore,itisimportanttorecognizeanddealwithloneliness.Cacioppoemphasizespeoplewhohavebeenpushedtotheedgesofsocietyshouldreceivehelptorepairtheirsocialnetworks.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。
文章通过一项新的数据分析向我们介绍了孤独的危害。
5.Itcanbeconcludedfromthefirstparagraphthat________.
A.lonelinessspreadsinsocialnetworks
B.emotionsareonlytransmittedbetweenfriends
C.moreandmorepeoplearesufferingfromloneliness
D.lonelinessisactuallyakindofdisease
A [推理判断题。
根据第一段的“it'scontagious.Itcanspreadfromonepersontoanother”可知,孤独是可以传染的,它可以从一个人传给另一个人,故选A。
]
6.AccordingtoCacioppo,lonelypeople________.
A.relyheavilyonothers
B.aremorelikelytotrustothers
C.arelesslikelytoberejectedbyfriends
D.willprobablybedesertedbysociety
D [细节理解题。
根据最后一段的“morelikelythatsocietywillrejectthem”可知,Cacioppo认为孤独的人可能会被社会抛弃,故选D。
]
7.Theword“minimize”inParagraph5isclosestinmeaningto“________”.
A.increaseB.reduce
C.createD.keep
B [词义猜测题。
根据第五段内容可推知,他们用一种消极的方式去和别人交往,这会减少他们的社会关系,让他们变得孤独,故选B。
]
8.Whatshouldlonelypeopledotogetridofloneliness?
A.Refusethehelpgivenbyothers.
B.Admitandtrytosolveit.
C.Interactwithothersmorenegatively.
D.Expressemotionsmoreoften.
B [细节理解题。
根据最后一段的第三句“Therefore,itisimportanttorecognizeanddealwithloneliness”可知,承认和解决孤独很重要,故选B。
]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(xx·山东潍坊高三统考)Hikingwithsomefriendsprovidedanopportunitytorelaxourselves.Coldwithamixtureofsunandsnow__1__aquickersteponthemountain.Ontheway,we__2__alargetroopofboyscoutsandtheirfamiliesheadingdownaswell.Themajorityofthetroopwasquicklywellaheadandoutof__3__.
Leftbehindwereaboyandhismotherwhoseemeduneasy.Weslowedour__4__totalkwiththembeforewe__5__passedthem.Theycaughtupagainwhenmyfriend__6__totiehershoe.Theboyatthatmomentfelldown.Myfriendattemptedto__7__himasherolleddownthepath.
Helpedup,theboywas__8__,cryinginhismother'sarms.HesaidthathiskneehurtandIcouldseethe__9__spreadingacrossthemother'sface.IaskedifIcouldhelp,withmyfriendexplainingthatIwasanurse.Afteraquick__10__Icouldtellthatmorethananythinghewas__11__,hismomaswell.__12__hestayedsitting,wrappedinhismom'sarms.Askingiftheyneededanythingbeforewecontinuedon,Iturnedtogoleavingthe__13__sittingonarock.
Ionlytookafewstepsforwardbefore__14__thattherewasmorethatcouldbedone.I__15__tomyfriendsforslowingthemdown,thenturnedandaskedtheboyandhismotheriftheywantedmetowaitandhikedownwiththemwhentheywere__16__.Icouldseethereliefwashoverthemother'sfaceasshesaid“yes”and__17__stoodtocontinueon.
TheNewEnglandautumnhadleftthepath__18__withbeautifulslipperyleaves.Sowewentslowly,ensuring__19__footsteps.IrealizedthatIwasbeinggiftedwithmoretimetotakeinthe__20__ofthewoods,conversationwithfriendsandconnections.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了作者在一次远足中帮助他人的故事。
1.A.encouragedB.controlled
C.blockedD.stopped
A [根据“Coldwithamixtureofsunandsnow”可推知,寒冷会促使人们走得快些。
]
2.A.dependedonB.cameacross
C.lookedafterD.caredfor
B [根据语境可知,此处表示在路上遇到一群人。
dependon“依赖”;eacross“偶遇”;lookafter“照看”;carefor“照料”。
]
3.A.sightB.balance
C.breathD.touch
A [根据“Themajorityofthetroopwasquicklywellahead”可推知,这群人因为走得快,所以很快就看不见他们了,outofsight意为“看不见”,和下文的“Leftbehindwereaboyandhismother”呼应。
]
4.A.vehiclesB.acts
C.paceD.race
C [由“slowed”可知,此处表示我们放慢了步伐。
]
5.A.deliberatelyB.constantly
C.absolutelyD.eventually
D [根据“Theycaughtup”可知,此处表示最终作者和朋友走在了他们前面。
deliberately“故意地”;constantly“经常地”;absolutely“绝对地”;eventually“最终”。
]
6.A.failedB.remembered
C.spedD.paused
D [根据“tiehershoe”可推知,作者的朋友停下来系鞋带。
pause“暂停”。
]
7.A.followB.lift
C.catchD.miss
C [根据“Theboyatthatmomentfelldown”和“asherolleddownthepath”可知,作者的朋友试图抓住那个跌倒的男孩,与下文的“Helpedup”呼应。
]
8.A.nervousB.curious
C.guiltyD.lonely
A [根据“cryinginhismother'sarms”可推知,跌倒的男孩很紧张,以至于哭了出来。
]
9.A.angerB.excitement
C.regretD.panic
D [男孩的膝盖受伤了,他的母亲开始惊慌。
panic“惊慌”,符合语境。
]
10.A.glanceB.examination
C.chatD.measure
B [根据“Iwasanurse”和“Icouldtell”可推知,作者对男孩的伤进行了检查。
]
11.A.pleasedB.disappointed
C.puzzledD.scared
D [根据“wrappedinhismom'sarms”可推知,男孩是很害怕的。
scared“害怕的”。
]
12.A.ButB.So
C.AndD.Or
A [根据空前的“morethananythinghewas__11__”和空后的“hestayedsitting,wrappedinhismom'sarms”可知,这个男孩只是害怕,伤得并不严重,但是他仍然坐着,搂着他妈妈的胳膊,故选A。
]
13.A.teamB.group
C.pairD.crowd
C [根据语境可知,此处表示这对母子,是两个人。
]
14.A.forgettingB.realizing
C.reportingD.hoping
B [根据语境可知,刚离开,作者就意识到可以做更多,与下文的“IrealizedthatIwasbeinggiftedwithmoretime”呼应。
]
15.A.shoutedB.replied
C.apologizedD.promised
C [根据“forslowingthemdown”可推知,作者因此向朋友道歉。
]
16.A.readyB.tha