小升初英语时态.docx
《小升初英语时态.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《小升初英语时态.docx(19页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
小升初英语时态
1.动词时态的定义及构成
(1)要求学生能够根据明显的时间状语或语境判断:
一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时
时态
时间状语标志
一般现在时
always,usually,often,sometimes,everyday,inthemorning,onSundays,twiceaweek,threetimestwoyears,ever,never,etc.
一般过去时
amomentago,yesterdaymorning,lastnight/week,thedaybeforeyesterday,justnow,etc.
一般将来时
tomorrow,nextweek/term,fromnowon,inthefuture,in+时间段,etc.
现在进行时
now,rightnow,atthemoment,listen,look,etc.
过去进行时
thismorning,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening,while,etc.
现在完成时
already,just,yet,ever,never,once,twice,since,for,etc.
过去完成时
bynineo’clocklastnight,beforelastWednesday,etc.
(2)各时态的构成及用法
时态
定义及构成
用法
例句
一般现在时
◆定义:
表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态。
◆主语+动词原形(或动词三单形式)+其他
1.表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态;2.表示客观事实和普遍真理;3.在时间、条件状语从句中,用一般现在时代替一般将来时;4.表示格言或警句中;
①Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.②ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.③TheywillgotoShanghaiiftheyhavetimetomorrow.④Pridegoesbeforeafall.
一般过去时
◆表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
◆主语+动词过去式+其他
1.表示过去连续发生的动作;2.表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作;
①Theboyopenedhiseyesforamoment,lookedatthecaptain,andthendied.②Mrs.Peteralwayscarriedanumbrella.
一般将来时
◆表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也可以表示将来经常或反复发生的动作◆主语+will/shall/begoingto+动词原形+其他
1.表示将要发生的动作;2.表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事;
①Wearegoingtohaveameetingtoday.②Willyoubeathomeatseventhisevening?
现在进行时
◆表示现在或当前一段时间正在进行的动作◆主语+be(am,is,are+动词-ing+其他
1.表示现在(指说话人说话时正在发生的事情;2.表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行;3.已经确定或安排好的将来活动;
①Wearewaitingforyou.②Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.③I’mleavingforatrekinNepalnextweek.
过去进行时
◆表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。
◆主语+was/were+动词-ing+其他
表示过去某一时间内(正在)进行的动作;
Whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday?
现在完成时
◆现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态◆主语+has/have+动词-ed+其他
1.表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果;2.表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态;
①Ihavejustpostedaletter.②IhavestudiedEnglishfortwoyears.
过去完成时
◆表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的动作。
◆主语+had+动词-ed+其他
1.表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束;2.表示在过去某一时间之前开始,并一直延续到那时的动作或状态;
①BytheendoflastmonthwehadlearnedtwelveEnglishsongs.②Shehadlivedinthenorthforfiveyearsbeforeshecamehere.
(3)动词在时态中的不同形式
形式
构成
例词
动词原形
不带to的动词不定式,也就是词典中一般给出的形式
be,have,do,learn
第三人称单数形式
在动词原形后加-s
Runs,likes
以ch,sh,s,o,x结尾的动词,在词尾加-es
teach---teaches
wash---washes
go---goes
pass---passes
以辅音字母加-y结尾的动词,先将y变i再加-es
study---studies
try---tries
以元音字母加-y结尾的动词,在词尾加-s
stay---stays
play---plays
动词过去式
在动词原形后加-ed
work---worked
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先将y变i再加-ed
carry---carried
study---studied
以e结尾的动词,直接加-d
live---lived
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的,双写该辅音字母后再加-ed
stop---stopped
plan---planned
现在分词(动词ing
一般的动词在词尾加-ing
play---playing
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词先去掉词尾字母e,再加-ing
type---typing
dance---dancing
以字母ie结尾的动词改词尾的ie为-ying
lie---lying
die---dying
重读闭音节结尾的动词双写词尾的辅音字母,再加-ing
run---running
stop---stopping
sit---sitting
动词过去分词
一般的动词在词尾加-ed
work---worked
start---started
以不发音的e结尾的动词在词尾加-d
live---lived
以“辅音字母+字母y”结尾的动词改词尾的y为-ied
study---studied
cry---cried
重读闭音节结尾单词双写词尾的辅音字母,再加-ed
stop---stoppeddrop---dropped
特殊变化没有统一的规则
leave---leftbuy---bought
2.动词时态重难点解析
(1)现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
一般过去时
现在完成时
1.过去发生的事情,有明显的表示过去的时间。
2.时间状语:
amomentago,yesterdaymorning,lastnight/week/Sunday3.以when开头的特殊疑问句,要用一般过去时。
1.过去发生的事情,对现在产生的结果、影响等,没有明显表示过去的时间状语。
2.常见副词:
already,just,yet,never,ever,once,twice,since,for等。
(2)在现在完成时中,延续性动词和非延续性动词的区别
用法
相互转换
延续性动词
常与表示一段时间的状语:
inthepastfewyears,sofar等连用。
leave---beawayfromborrow---keepbuy---havejoin---beinbegin---beon
非延续性动词
不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
英语时态在英语的学习中占着很重要的位置,那么英语都有哪些时态呢?
一、现在进行时:
bedoing(动词+ing的特殊变化见附1
Iameating.Heiseating.
二、一般将来时:
begoingtodo
Iamgoingtoeat.Heisgoingtoeat.
三、一般现在时:
主+动(s(动词+s的特殊变化见附2
Ieat.Heeats.
四、一般过去时:
主+动ed(动词+ed的特殊变化见附3
Iate.Heate.
附1:
动词+ing的特殊变化
(1去e+ing:
takingmakingcominghavingwritingdancing
(2双写最后一个字母+ing:
runningswimming
附2:
动词+s的特殊变化
动词+es:
goesdoeswatchesteachespasses
附3:
动词+ed的特殊变化
do—didis/am—wasare—werehave—hadgo—went
read—readeat—atebuy—boughttake—tooksing—sang
dance—dancedsee—sawget—gotleave—leftswim—swam
study—studiedfly—flewsay—saidcome—camerun—ran
tell—tolddrink—drankfind—found
附4:
形容词比较级的特殊变化
big—biggerthin—thinnerheavy—heavierfunny—funnier
附5:
代词的变化
主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey
宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem
物主代词(~的myyourhisheritsouryourtheir
mineyours
一.写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式,现在分词及过去式:
playswim
flyjump
walkrun
climbeat
havebuy
takelive
teachgo
studylearn
singdance
rowwatch
readclean
washuse
setdo
getvisit
makeanswer
cookwrite
drinktake
collectput
waitleave
passcome
tellshow
二.用所给动词的正确时态填空
1.Iam(writeanE-mailtomysisternow.
2.What`stheweatherliketoday?
It(bewindy.
3.Mysister(beathomeyesterdayevening.
4.What(doyoudolastnight?
5.I(domyhomeworkafterschooleveryday.
6.Mingming(visithergrandparentstomorrow.
7.Thecupsonthetable(beverynice.
8.Look!
Thebird(flyinthesky.
9.Mybrother(likeplayingchess.
10.Lindacan(speakChineseverywell.
11.I(watchTVlastnight.
12.I(beillyesterday.
13.Peter(waitforhisfriendnow.
14.He(dohishomeworkyesterdayevening.
15.Theboys(playfootballwithusnextweek.
16.Mymother(washclotheseveryweek.
17.LinpingandIoften(gotoschoolbybike.
18.Heusually(playcomputergamesonSundays.
19.Didyou(goice-skatinglastyear?
20.I(getupat6:
00everymorning.
21.Thegirl(gotoschoolonfoot.
22.LinDongandWangPeng(gotoschoolbybus.
24.Aliceisn`tgoingto(writealettertomorrow.
25.listen!
Who(singintheclassroom?
26.TomandI(beswimming,notrunning?
27.Peter(getupat9:
00inthemorninglastSunday.
28.Aicecan(washherclothes.
29.Look!
Thecatis(eatafish.
30.Myfather(readnewspapereveryevening.
三.选择填空
()1.youlikethispicture?
Yes,IAoes,does.Bo,don`tCo,do
( )2.Tomsinging.ButJohnA:
likes,doesB:
like,don`tlikeC:
likes,doesn`t
( )3.Iwithmyparentsthisyear.A:
be,goingtoB:
amgoingto
( )4.Sheisn`tgoingtotomorrowA:
swimmingB:
swimCswims
( )5.Theyaren`ttogotothepark.A:
goingB:
goesC:
wentD:
go
( )6.WhatisMissLigoing?
A:
doB:
doingC:
todo
( )7KateandIgoingseeafilmtomorrow?
A:
IstoB:
AretoC:
Areto
( )8.Wehavelunchat12:
00everyday.A:
doesn`tB:
aren`tC:
don`t
( )9.Mymothertheclotheseveryweek.A:
washB:
washesC:
washs
( )10.TheboyTVeveryday.A:
watchB:
watchingC:
watches.
( )11.Whatyouusuallydoafterschool?
A:
areB:
doesC:
do
( )12.theyvisitthefactorylastmonth?
A:
DoB:
DoesC:
Did
( )13Whendidyouhomeyesterday?
A:
comeB:
cameC:
coming
( )14doeshisbrotherwork?
Heworksinashop.A:
WhatB:
WhereC:
When
( )15.Itoschoolonfoot.A:
goB:
goesC:
going
( )16.yourclassmatesplayinggames?
A:
AmB:
AreC:
Is
( )17.XiaoLingmanypictureslattrip.A:
takesB:
tookC:
taked
( )18.Yesterdaymybirthday.MydadapresentforineA:
isbuyB:
wasbuyC:
wasbought
( )19.Wecandifferentanimalsinthezoo.A:
seeB:
sawC:
seeing
( )20.Thedrenalwaystoschoolbybike.A:
goB:
goingC:
went
( )21.TheywenttoShanghaiandgoodfood.A:
eatB:
eatedC:
ate
( )22.Look!
Sackabike.A:
ridesB:
ridingC:
isriding
( )23.IShegoingtobuyamagazine?
Yes,heA:
beB:
isC:
will
( )24.Areyoulisteningtomusic?
Yes,A:
I`m notB:
I`mC:
Iam
( )25.Areyoucomingthisafternoon?
No,weA:
aren`tB:
won`tC:
will
专题总复习小学英语语法要点及习题--人称代词和物主代词一、人称代词和物主代词人称代词物主代词单数复数单数复数主格宾格主格宾格形容词性名词性形容词性名词性第一人称Imeweusmymineourours第二人称youyouyouyouyouryoursyouryours第三人称hehimtheythemhishistheirtheirssheherherhersitititsits练习题一、写出下列单词的正确形式宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词I_______________________________________you________________________________________he_______________________________________she_____________________________________it_______________________________________we________________________________________they________________________________________二、根据汉语提示用人称代词的适当形式填空1_______我amateacher.2._________她iselevenyearsold.3.________他studiesinNO.1primarySchool.4.__________我们haveEnglishmachChinesetoday.5.________它isamapofChina.6MrBrownhelp________我washthecar.7.Isaw________你inthebookstoreyesterday.8.Pleasegive_________他anEnglishbook.9.Thebluebikeis____________我的。
10._________她isanAmericangirl.三选择适当的形式填空1Isthisjacket________-_yoursyouryou2._______________ItsItsIsMondaytoday.3.Let____________usweourhavedinnertogether.4._______________MyMineInameisPeter.5.Whatsmatterwith___________hehim6.Itsabird.__________ItsItItsnameisPolly.7.Thepenonthedeskis__________hehimhis8._________IWeaminthepostoffice.9.__________SheHerrulerislong.10.Thisis__________youyourteacher.11.Thatsnotapen.__________ItTheyisaduck.12.Tomlet_______weusgotoschool.13.Do___________youyouryourswanttogoshoppingwithus14.Amysfishissmallerthan________memymine15.Isthischair________sheherhers16.__________ThissThisisThatabook.17Hisschoolisbiggerthan__________weusourours18.Lookatthecar._________ItsItscolourisblack.19__________WhatWhoWhoseisondutyIam.20.Thatis_________newbook.meIminemy21.MissChenteaches_______-English.yourushis22.ThisisMrLi._________HisSheHeItismyteacher.23.ArethoseappleNo_______theythesetheirarent.24.________Imyminebedroomisclean..25.Myfatherand________meIminemygotothepark.26.Excuse________ImeareyouMr.Green27.IsMikerunningYes__________is.Mikeshehe28Lookat_________