四级新题型翻译各种中国文化和全球热点问题翻译大全.docx
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四级新题型翻译各种中国文化和全球热点问题翻译大全
2014年6月英语四级翻译练习：
孔子
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
孔子（ConfUcius）是一位思想家、政治家，教育家，也是中国儒 学（the Ru School）思想的创始人。
儒学（Confucianism），这个道德和 宗教哲学的大系统建立在孔圣人（Master Kung）的教学上。
冯友兰， 中国思想史上20世纪伟大的的权威之一，把孔子在中国历史上的影 响比作西方的苏格拉底。
参考译文：
Confucius was a thinker, political figure, educator, and founder of the Ru School of Chinese thought. Confucianism, the great system of moral and religious philosophy built upon the teachings of Master Kung. Fung You-lan, one of the great 20th century authorities on the history ofChinese thought, compares Confucius9 influence in Chinese history with that of Socrates in the West.
2014年6月英语四级翻译练习：
京剧
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
京剧（Beijing Opera）是中国的国粹。
作为一门古老的艺术，京 剧的服装（costume）、脸谱（facial mask）更易被人喜爱。
不同的服装 类型反映不同的人物身份特征。
富贵者的服装缀满精美的刺绣;穷困 者的服装则简单朴素，少有装饰（elemental）。
脸谱是京剧中塑造人物 形象的重要手段，它是用不同的颜色在脸上勾画出来的。
脸谱的颜 色让人一看便知角色（portray）的善恶。
比如白色代表奸诈（treachery）， 黑色代表正直不阿，黄色是骁勇，蓝、绿色多用于绿林好汉（rebellious fighters），金、银色多用于神佛（divinity and Buddhism）等。
参考译文：
Beijing Opera is the cream of the Chinese culture. As a tradi¬tional art form, its costumes and facial mask are more popular with people. Different styles of costumes are used to reflect the status of different characters. There are more decorations in the costumes of nobles，while those of the poor tend to be simple and less elemental. Facial masks can reflect qualities of different characters. Facial masks using different colors are important ways to portray 描绘a character. People can tell a hero from a villain 坏人by the colors of the masks. In general，white usually represents treachery背叛, black represents righteousness, yellow represents bravery, blue and green represent rebellious fighters，while gold and silver represent di¬vinity and Buddhism.
2014年6月英语四级翻译练习：
中国城市化
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
中国城市化（urbanization）将会充分释放潜在内需（domestic demand）。
一些经济学家指出，在中国几乎所有的发展中城市都面临 着城市化的进程。
这使得许多人的生活水平有所提高，也为人们提 供更多的就业机会。
随着越来越多的人向城市迁徙，住房及城市基 础设施建设（infrastructure construction）,包括水源等能源的供应将会 成为城市发展的焦点问题。
商品与服务的自由、快速流通是城市化 社会的一项基本特征。
逐渐扩张的城市需要更多的零售店来满足消 费者的需求。
参考译文
China‟s urbanization will release the full potential of domestic国内需求的 demand. Some economists point out that urbanization is a process that is occurring in nearly every developing city in the country. It will lead to a better quality of life for many people，and provide individuals with more job opportunities. The construction of housing and city infrastructure基础建设, including water and energy supplies, will be a focal point焦点 of urban development as more people migrate迁徙 to cities. Urbanization means better access to educational and medical resources in the city. But it also predicts less use of personal vehicles车辆 and more use of public transportation. The fast, free flow of goods and services is a basic trait of an urbanized society. Ex-panding cities require more retail outlets to serve customers.
2014年6月英语四级翻译练习：
全球变暖
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
目前，全球变暖是一个热门话题，但是有关全球变暖的各项证据似乎还有些不同的声音。
人们现在已经知道，地球的发展经历了很多周期（cycle）,尽管在历史上还未出现过像今天这样的时代，即高度工业化（industrialization）产生如此多的污染。
全球变暖主要是由 于二氧化碳气体（carbon dioxide）的增多。
参考译文：
Global warming is the hot topic around the world at this time but, there is also dissention异议 about the evidence being presented to support the argument. The earth is known to go through cycles; although the past has never produced an age of so much industrialization causing the pollution currently being experienced. A major source 来源，起源of the problem is the increase in carbon dioxide levels. decrease（减少）
2014年6月英语四级翻译练习：
中国出境游
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
联合国下属机构世界旅游组织（World Tourism Organization）公 布的数据显示，中国游客对全球旅游业的贡献最大。
中国人去年花 在出境游上的支出膨胀至1020亿美元，同2011年相比增长了 40%。
联合国世界旅游组织在其网站上发布的一份声明中说，这一增幅令 中国迅速超越德国和美国。
后两者在之前是出境游支出最高的两个 国家。
2012年德美两国出境旅游支出均同比增长6%,约840亿美元。
参考翻译：
The figures from the United Nations World Tourism Organiza¬tion show that Chinese travelers are making the most contributions to the global tourism industry. Chinese travelers spent a record $102 billion on outbound tourism last year, a 40% rise from 2011. That surge sent China screaming past Germany and the U.S. — the former No. 1 and No. 2 spenders, respectively 一 which both saw tourist outlays increase 6% year- on-year to around $84 billion in 2012, the UNWTO said in a statement on its website.
2014年6月英语四级翻译练习：
子女探望父母
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
这周颁布的一项新法律要求子女必须经常探望年龄超过60岁的 父母，并确保他们经济和精神上的需求得到满足。
星期二，新华社 报导了_条新闻，来自江苏市无锡市的一位77岁的老太太起诉她的 女儿忽略她。
这是新法律生效后的第一起案件，当地法院规定她的 女儿至少每月探望母亲两次，并提供财力支持。
但是这项法律引发 了争议。
有人说这给了那些因为工作、学习或者其他原因搬离家乡 的人更多压力。
。
参考翻译：
A new national law introduced this week requires the offspring of parents older than 60 to visit their parents “frequently” and make sure their financial and spiritual needs精神需要 are meet. On Tuesday, Xinhua reported a news that a 77-year-old woman from Jiangsu city of Wuxi sued her daughter for neglecting her. In the first case after the new law came into effect, the local court ruled that her daughter must visit her at least twice a month and provide financial support. But the law‟s introduction has proved controversial. Some say it puts too much pressure on those who move away from home for work, study or other opportunities.
2014年6月英语四级翻译练习：
少林功夫
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
少林功夫（Shaolin Kungfu）是河南登封少林寺信奉佛教文化的和 尚们练习的_种武术（martial arts）。
少林寺，建于北魏（the Northern Wei Dynasty）太和期（Taihe Period）十九年，是少林功夫发展的文化 空间。
少林功夫最初是佛教僧侣练习的，他们的职责是保护寺庙。
现在经过1500多年的发展，少林功夫已逐步发展成为一种完美技术 和丰富含义相融合的艺术，在全世界享有声誉。
参考翻译：
Shaolin Kungfu is a kind of martial arts practiced by monks under the special Buddhist culture of the Shaolin Temple in Dengfeng City, Henan Province. The Shaolin Temple, built in the Nineteenth year of Taihe Period during the Northern Wei Dynasty, is a cultural space for the development of the Shaolin Kungfu. The Shaolin Kungfii, which is originally practiced by the Buddhist monks whose duties were to protect the temple, has been gradually developed into an art of perfect technology, abundant meanings and high reputation in the whole world after more than 1500 years of development.
2014年6月英语四级翻译练习：
中国人均GDP
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
自从1978年经济改革以来，中国已经完成了从中央计划经济 （centrally planned economy）向市场经济（market based economy）的转变。
超过6亿人已经脱离了贫困，但是仍然有超过1.7亿人生活在 国际贫困线以下 天少于1.25美元。
2012年，中国的人均GDP 为12405.67美元，这是30年前的37倍。
到2018年，中国的人均 GDP将从世界第90位上升到第75位。
然而，这仍然是低于预计的 世界平均水平。
参考翻译：
Since initiating market reforms in 1978，China has shifted from a centrally planned to a market based economy. More than 600 million citizens have been lifted out of poverty, but over 170 million people still live below the $1.25-a-day international poverty line. In 2012, China‟s GDP （PPP） per capita was $12,405.67. This is 37 times higher than what it was just 30 years ago. By 2018，China‟s GDP per capita will climb from the 90th to 75th highest in the world. This however will still be below the forecasted world average.
2014年6月英语四级翻译练习：
快速老龄化
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
根据全国老龄工作委员会（the China National Committee On Aging）的数据来看，到2053年，中国60岁及以上的老人数量预计 会从目前的1.85亿一跃变为4.87亿，或者说是占总人口的35%。
扩 张的比例是由于寿命的增加和计划生育政策（family planning policies） 限制大部分城市家庭只生一个孩子。
快速老龄化对社会和经济稳定造成了严重威胁。
参考翻译：
The number of people aged 60 and above in China is expected to jump from the current 185 million to 487 million, or 35 percent of the population, by 2053，according to figures from the China National Committee On Aging. The expanding ratio is due both an increase in life expectancy and by family planning policies that limit most urban families to a single child. Rapid aging poses serious threats威胁 to the country‟s social and economic stability经济的稳定.
2014年6月英语四级翻译练习：
中国肥胖问题
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
国家体育总局（the General Administration of Sport）在一项调查中 发现，自2010年以来，20-39岁的中国人体重增加更多——1.9千克。
这个年龄段中超过11%的人属于肥胖，这在三年的时间里就上涨了两个百分点。
。
参考翻译：
China‟s young adults are gaining more weight and exercising less than their elders. Chinese from ages 20 to 39 have put on more kilograms — 1.9 kg ——than other adults since 2010，the General Administration of Sport found in a survey. More than 11% from the age group were obese, up two percentage points in only three years.
2014年6月英语四级翻译练习：
山体滑坡
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
都江堰中兴镇发生山体滑坡（landslide）——这是2008年四川地 震时受灾最严重的地方。
山体滑坡覆盖了大约两平方公里，摧毁了 至少11所房子。
到目前为止，已有200多名居民被疏散。
山体滑 坡几个小时后，巡逻队员到达现场时，一切都已经是一片汪洋。
目 击者描述石头和残骸（debris）从山上滚下来，不到三分钟就把八座 房屋吞没了。
参考翻译：
The landslide occurred in the town of Zhongxing is Dujiangyan —one of the places badly hit by the 2008 Sichuan earthquake. The landslide, which covered about 2 sq km, damaged at least 11 homes. So far more than 200 residents have been evacuated疏散. By the time patrol 巡逻队members arrived at the scene, a few hours after the landslide，everything was already a vast expanse of water. Eyewitnesses described stones and debris running down the hill and covering around eight homes in less than three minutes.
2014年6月英语四级翻译练习：
信用卡
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
信用卡（credit card）是银行所创造出来的最便捷同时也是最危险的信用工具。
通过信用卡，人们可以先用银行付账的方式购买那些 负担不起的物品，同时，银行也将对此征收比一般贷款要高的利率 （interest rate）。
遗憾的是，信用卡现巳成为资本主义体制（capitalist system）的重要组成部分，而该体制就得依赖消费（consumption）的持续增长。
参考翻译：
Credit cards are one of the most convenient devices ever cre ated by the banking system but, at the same time, one of the most danger¬ous. They allow people to buy things they，otherwise, couldn‟t afford， with money created by the banks and, charged out at much higher interest rates than normal loans. Unfortunately, credit cards have become an es¬sential part of the capitalist system which only survives on the continued growth in consumption.
2014年6月英语四级翻译练习：
中国扇子
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
中国扇子的历史可以追溯到3000多年前的商朝（the Shang Dynasty）。
第一种扇子叫作“扇汗”（Shanhan）,是拴在马车上用来 挡住强烈的阳光，给乘客遮雨的。
“扇汗”有点像现在的雨伞。
后来 “扇汗”变成了由薄但是结实的丝绸或者鸟的羽毛做成的长柄扇，称为中山扇（Zhangshan fan）,它主要用于皇帝的仪仗（honour guard）装饰。
参考翻译：
The history of Chinese fan can be dated to over 3,000 years ago，around the Shang Dynasty. The first type of fan, known as Shanhan, was tied to a horse-drawn carriage to shut out the strong sunshine and shelter the passengers from the rainfall. The Shanhan was a bit like today‟s umbrella. Later this Shanhan be
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