学年浙江省嘉兴市高二上学期期末英语试题解析版.docx

学年浙江省嘉兴市高二上学期期末英语试题解析版.docx

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学年浙江省嘉兴市高二上学期期末英语试题解析版

2018-2019学年浙江省嘉兴市高二（上）期末英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，共20.0分）

A

Youngboysaren'teasilyshocked，but12-year-oldPrestonSharpsureknowsthefeeling．"Yeah，Iwasquitesurprised，"Prestonsaid．Anddisappointed．

Preston'smom，AprilSharp，hadneverseenhimlikethatbefore．"Notthisangry，shesaid．WhatupsethersonsomuchwasvisitinghisgrandpasgraveinRedding，California，andrealizingthatnoteveryveteran（老兵）inthecemetery（墓地）hadaflag．SoApriltoldhim，"Son，ifyou'regoingtocomplainaboutsomething，youhavetodosomethingaboutitorletitgo．

ThenextthingAprilknewwasthatPrestonwastakingonpart-timejobsandraisingmoneytobuyflagsandflowersforeveryveteraninhisgrandpa'scemetery．Andwhenthatgravewascovered，hemovedontoanother，andthenanother．

Hereweare，nearlythreeyearsandabout65，000graveslater．Andhedoesiteveryweek，rainorshine-especiallyrain．"Theywereoutthereintheraindoingtheirjob，protectingus，"Prestonsaid．"Comingoutintherain-or100-degreeheat-istheleastIcando．"

Hisdevotioniscontagious（有感染力的）WhenwordgetsoutthatPrestonwillbeatcemetery-hehasaFacebookpage，PrestonSharp/VetflagsandFlowers-peoplefeelcompelledtojoinin．"It'samazing，"VietnamveteranFredLovelandsaid．"Whathe'sdoingbringsthemoutbecausetheycan'tbelieveayoungmaninthiscountryisdoingwhathedoes．"

Itisamovementofyoungandold，ofthosewhoservedandthosewhoaresograteful，allledbyaproudgrandsonwhosawaninjusticeanddecidedtodosomethingaboutit．

1.WhywasPrestonsurprisedanddisappointedatfirst？

______

A.Heneededtodosomepart-timejobs．

B.Someveteranshadnoflagsontheirgraves．

C.Hehadtovisithisgrandpasgraveeveryweek．

D.Mothergotangryabouthisbeingeasilyshocked．

2.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase"feelcompelledto"？

______

A.feelitnecessarytoB.feelitfunto

C.feelforcedtoD.feelproudto

3.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext？

______

A.Toremembertheoldveterans．

B.Tocallonpeopletobuyflagsforveterans．

C.Toencouragepeopletoactontheirdecisions．

D.Toshowhowaboy'sgratefuldeedsaffectothers．

【答案】

【小题1】B

【小题2】A

【小题3】D

【解析】答案：

1-3BAD

1．B．细节理解题．根据文章第二段WhatupsethersonsomuchwasvisitinghisgrandpasgraveinRedding，California，andrealizingthatnoteveryveteran（老兵）inthecemetery（墓地）hadaflag．可知令她儿子如此心烦意乱的是去加利福尼亚州雷丁探望他祖父的坟墓，并意识到并非每个在墓地的老兵都有一面国旗．由此可见，普雷斯顿起初感到惊讶和失望是因为一些退伍军人的坟墓上没有国旗．故选B．

2．A．词句猜测题．根据文章倒数第一段Hisdevotioniscontagious（有感染力的）WhenwordgetsoutthatPrestonwillbeatcemetery-hehasaFacebookpage，PrestonSharp/VetflagsandFlowers-peoplefeelcompelledtojoinin．"It'samazing，"VietnamveteranFredLovelandsaid．可知他的忠诚是有感染力的．当有消息说普雷斯顿将在公墓时，他有一个Facebook页面，普雷斯顿夏普/兽医旗和鲜花，人们感到不得不加入．越南老兵弗雷德洛夫兰说：

"这太不可思议了．"由此可见，feelcompelledto感到被迫，feelitnecessaryto符合题意，故选A．

3．D．推理判断题．根据整篇文章内容可知，文章讲述了一个小男孩通过自己的努力带动大家给每一位老兵的墓地送上旗子．由此可见，Toshowhowaboy'sgratefuldeedsaffectothers展示一个男孩的感恩行为如何影响他人，故选D．

文章讲述了一个小男孩通过自己的努力带动大家给每一位老兵的墓地送上旗子．

考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．

B

Youpickupyourphoneandstareatit．Instantly，thescreenunlocks．Butitwon'tdothatforanyoneelse．Thephoneknowswhoyouare．Itrecognizestheshapeofyourface．

WelcometotheworldofthelatestiPhoneitcomeswithanewfunctioncalledfaceID．WiththeiPhoneX，youriPhoneislockeduntilyoulookatitanditrecognizesyou．Nothinghaseverbeenmoresimple．

Peoplelikeusingbiometrics（生物辨识）forsecuritybecausethey'reeasyandverysecure．It'shardtoreproduceanotherpersonsbodypartstocopy．Mostteenspostphotosofthemselves，which，however，couldhelpsomeonebreakintoasystemlikeFaceID．In2016，researchersattheUniversityofNorthCarolinagatheredpubliclyavailableFacebookphotostobuild3Dmodelsoffaces．Thentheyshowedthesefacestofivedifferentfacialrecognitionsystems．Fouroutofthefiveletthecheaterin．

There'sonemoreaspectoffacialrecognitionthatworriesexperts．Itwouldbeeasyforsomeoneelsetoholdyourphoneinfrontofyourfacetounlockit．Forexample，anannoyingsisterorbrothermightdothistohackintoyouraccount．Orapoliceofficermightdothistotrytocollectevidence．apersonwhohasbeencaughtdoesnothavetoprovidepasswords．Butnolawwouldstopapoliceofficerfromusingthatperson'sfacetogainaccess．

Somepeopleprobablywon'tworryaboutallthat．It'sjusttoocooltobeabletounlockadeviceataglance．Whatdoyouthink？

Isfacialrecognitionthenextbigthinginsecurityordoestheideamakeyoushakeyourhead？

4.WhatuserexperiencecaniPhone'sFaceIDoffer？

______

A.EasyaccesstotheiPhone．

B.AquicklinktotheInternet

C.Timelyhelpwithusers'problems

D.Reliableguardoverusers'information

5.Whatdidtheresearchin2016suggest？

______

A.IPhone'sFaceIDwasquitedifficulttoget

B.Facebookphotosmightbegatheredbycheaters．

C.Facialrecognitionsystemscouldbebrokeninto

D.Humans'facescouldbereplacedbytheirmodels

6.Expertsworrythatfacialrecognitionsystemsmay______．

A.causetroubleamongfamilymembers

B.beunlockedwithoutowners'permission

C.helpcriminalsgainpasswordsforiPhones

D.usedtostopthepolicefindingthetruth

7.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetoiPhone'sfaceID？

______

A.DoubtfulB.ConcernedC.HopefulD.Objective

【答案】

【小题1】A

【小题2】C

【小题3】B

【小题4】D

【解析】答案：

1-4ACBD

1．A．细节理解题．根据文章第二段WelcometotheworldofthelatestiPhoneitcomeswithanewfunctioncalledfaceID．WiththeiPhoneX，youriPhoneislockeduntilyoulookatitanditrecognizesyou．Nothinghaseverbeenmoresimple．可知欢迎来到最新的iPhone世界，它有一个新的功能叫做FaceID．有了iPhoneX，你的iPhone会被锁定，直到你看到它并识别你．没有什么比这更简单了．由此可见，苹果手机有了脸部识别技术后，我们能轻松访问iPhone．故选A．

2．C．细节理解题．根据第三段Thentheyshowedthesefacestofivedifferentfacialrecognitionsystems．Fouroutofthefiveletthecheaterin．可知然后他们把这些面孔展示给五个不同的面部识别系统，五分之四的人让骗子进来．由此可见，面部识别系统可以被骗子进入．故选C．

3．B．细节理解题．根据第四段There'sonemoreaspectoffacialrecognitionthatworriesexperts．Itwouldbeeasyforsomeoneelsetoholdyourphoneinfrontofyourfacetounlockit．可知面部识别还有一个让专家们担心的方面，别人很容易把手机放在脸前打开．由此可见，专家们担心面部识别系统可能会在没有业主许可的情况下解锁．故选B．

4．D．推理判断题．根据这篇文章内容可知，本文主要讲了面部识别系统技术给人们带来了很大的便利，同时也存在安全隐患．所以说这篇文章的观点客观的，Objective客观的，故选D．

本文主要讲了面部识别系统技术给人们带来了很大的便利，同时也存在安全隐患．

题目涉及多道细节理解题，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案．

C

We'veallseenourscientistsexplainingwhatglobalwarmingis，whyit'sdangerous，andwhatwecandotostopit．Weputtheblameonfossilfuelsandautoemissions（排放）．Butthemeatindustryisoftenunnoticedasamajorcause，whichproducesmoregreenhousegasesthanalltheSUVs，cars，ships，planes，andtrucksintheworldcombined．

Rainforestsholdawealthofplantandanimallife．TreescanpullharmfulcarbondioxidefromtheairandchangeitintooxygenThemeatindustry，however，particularlycattlefarming，killsmillionsofacresofrainforesteachyear．

Justonequarter-poundhamburgerrequirestheclearingofsixyardsofrainforestandthedestructionof165poundsoflivingmatter，including20to30plantspecies，100insectspecies，anddozensofbirds，mammals，andreptiles．

Meatproductionisamajorcauseofmethane（甲烷）andglobalcarbondioxidepollution．Thesegreenhousegasestrapheatintheatmosphere，contributingtoglobalwarming．Cowsareamajorcauseofmethanepollutionbecausetheirwastecontainslargeamountsofthegas．ProducingasinglepoundofmeatproducesthesameamountofgreenhousegasesasdrivinganSUV40miles．

WhatdidthegreatthinkersAristotle，AlbertEinstein，CharlesDarwin，MohandasGandhi，andJohnLennonhaveincommon？

Theywereallvegetarians（素食主义者）．TheUnitedNationshassaidthatgoingvegetarianisthegreenestthingpeoplecandotosavetheenvironment．Butdon'tworry，thereisnoneedtogiveupmeatallatonce!

Cutdownalittlebitmeatconsumptioneachweekatapacethatsuitsyou．Stopfromeatingthathamburger-ourearthwillthankyouforit!

8.Whyisonequarter-poundhamburgermentionedinparagraph3______．

A.Totesthowmuchpollutionitbrings

B.Toshowwheregreenhousegasescomefrom

C.Toexplaintheharmfuleffectsofmeatindustry

D.TostressthepopularityoffastfoodintheUSA

9.Theauthorexplainstheamountofgasfrommeatproductionby______．

A.givinganexampleB.makingacomparison

C.presentingresearchfindingsD.sharingapersonalexperience

10.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？

______

A.RainforestProtection：

OurDuty

B.GlobalWarming：

Humans'Enemy

C.MeatIndustry：

AnEnvironmentKiller

D.EnvironmentalPollution：

ASevereProblem

【答案】

【小题1】C

【小题2】B

【小题3】C

【解析】1．C．推理判断题．根据第三段的句子Just one quarter-pound hamburger requires the clearing of six yards of rainforest and the destruction of 165pounds of living matter， including 20to 30plant species， 100insect species， and dozens of birds， mammals， and reptiles．可知，这段提到的四分之一磅汉堡包，用于解释肉类工业的有害影响．故选C．

2．B．细节理解题．根据文章的句子Producing a single pound of meat produces the same amount of greenhouse gases as driving an SUV 40miles．生产一磅肉产生的温室气体量与驾驶一辆40英里的SUV相同．可知，作者通过比较阐述了肉类生产过程中产生的气体量．故选B．

3．C．标题判断题．根据第一段的But the meat industry is often unnoticed as a major cause， which produces more greenhouse gases than all the SUVs， cars， ships， planes， and trucks in the world combined．

可知，文章介绍肉类行业对环境的破坏．故Meat Industry：

 An Environment Killer是合适的标题．故选C．

文章介绍人们把环境污染归咎于化石燃料和汽车排放．但是肉类工业经常被忽视为一个主要原因，它产生的温室气体比世界上所有的SUV、汽车、船只、飞机和卡车都要多．

阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎