课堂讨论.docx

课堂讨论.docx

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课堂讨论

1.Isitpossibleforawritertostartwritingonimpulseandthencatchsomegoodideasflashingintohismindduringtheprocessofwriting?

Citeexamplestoillustrateyourpoint.

答案：

Theanswerisyes.Butthequestionisopentodiscussion.Impulsecannotstaylongwithoutcarefulthinking.Writingisalsoanartandartiscultivated.

2.Howdoesawriterproducegoodstories?

Doyoubelievethatageniusisapersonwhoisabletoaccomplishthingswithoutgoingthroughanyhardship?

答案：

Awriterneedscreativepowerinproducinggoodstories.Hehastomakepainstakingeffortsinwriting.Creativepowerneedscultivationandgeniusalonemaynotworkincreatingoriginalstories.

3.Doyouthinkitistruethatagoodstoryisnotwrittenbutrewritten?

Whyorwhynot?

答案：

Inmostcasesagoodstoryisrewritten.Buttherearewriterswhothinkverycarefullyaboutthestorytobewrittenbeforetheystartwriting.Carefulthinkingandrewritingareofthesamenaturehere.

1.Whatistheappropriaterelationshipbetweenspeedreadingandeffectivereading?

　答案

Speedreadingandeffectivereadingaremutuallyrelated.Itisunderstandabletowanttoreadfaster,butitisunwisetowanttoreadeverythingattopspeed.Thebestreadercanreadveryrapidly,butheorsheadjuststherateaccordingtopurposetothekindofmaterial.TheEnglishteacheristohelpstudentstoreadatratesthatareappropriatetothepurposeforreadingandtothedemandsofthematerials.

2.Howaremotivationsimportantinreadingwell?

答案

Motivationsareveryimportantinreadingwell.The“best”studentsinschoolcanalsobereluctantreaders.Onlywhenonewantstoreadwellcanonehopetoreadwell.Butthisisacomplicatedissue.Theteachershouldhelpstudentsbecomehighlymotivatedinreading.Sometimesabookisnottaughtinachallengingway,orateacher'squestionsinclassdiscussionorinindividualconferencesfailtogobeyondsimplerecall,andastudentmayfeelthatthebookhasverylimitedvalue.Oftentoomuchissaidaboutabook.Andthatwhichissaidissometimessotrivialthatitwastesastudent'stime.Sotheissueinvolvesbothteachingandlearningandaffectstheefficiencyofreading.

1.It'sbeenoftenassumedthattheworldpopulationisincreasingbeyondtheearth'scapacity,buttheviewinthearticleisjusttheopposite.Whydoesthewritermakesuchahypothesis?

Areyoupersuadedtofollowthisview?

Why?

答案：

Theauthor'shypothesisisbasedonthefollowingfacts:

thegrowthrateoftheworldpopulationisnowonlyonepercentayear;44percentoftheworld'speopleliveincountrieswherefertilityhasalreadyfallenbelowthereplacementrate,andfertilityisfallingalmosteverywhereelse.Thereasonisthatpopulationchangesdependonthevaluespeoplehold.Aslongasthemodernvalueofsavingeffortsandmoneybyraisingfewerchildrenremainswidespread,theworldpopulationwillnotstopdeclining.

（Oftheseviews,youmayhaveyourownjudgment,discusswithyourpartners.）

2.Whatdoyouthinkoftherelationbetweenhumanvaluesandpopulation?

答案：

Theauthorsuggeststhathumanvaluesisoneofthedeterminingfactorsofpopulationfluctuation.Modernwayoflifehasledtothedeclinationinpopulationinthemodernizedcounties,andwhethertheworldpopulationwillgrowordwindledependsonthevaluespeopleholdinthefuture.Youmayagree,partlyagreeordisagreetotheauthor'sview.Stillyoumayalsoputforwardnewviewsregardingtherelationbetweenhumanvaluesandpopulation.

1.DoyouthinkwhatAsimovsaysinthearticleisonlyawarning?

答案

WhatAsimovsaysinthearticleisnotonlyawarning,butalsothetruth.Asafuturist,Asimovishighlyawareofwhatourplanetmightbeandheshowsgreatconcernoverthefutureofglobal,tellinguswhatthewholemightbeifwedon'ttakesomemeasurestocontrolthepopulation.Thesignificanceofthispieceofwriting,Ithink,istodrawadequateattentionfromthepublic.IfthepopulationcontinuestoincreaseatsucharateasAsimovdescribes,humanbeingswoulddestroythemselvesinthefuture.

2.Whatcanwedotolimitthegrowthofpopulation?

答案

Generallyspeaking,thereisonlyoneefficientandpracticalwaytolimitthegrowthofpopulation.Thatistopracticethefamilyplanningprogram.Chinahasbeenpracticingthisprogramalltheseyearsandithasachievedagoodresult.Anotherwayoflimitingthegrowthofpopulationistoencouragepeoplenottohavechildren.Canyoufigureoutsomebetterways?

War,famineorepidemics?

No,everyonehopessuchdisasterswon'thappen.

1.Whatis“geneticallymodifiedfood”?

AreyouinfavorofconsumingGMfood?

Why?

答案：

Geneticallymodifiedfoodismadefromcropsandvegetablesgeneticallychangedbyscientists.GMfoodhasarousedgreatdissentionsamonggovernments,scientists,farmers,andconsumers.Ononehandarethehighqualitycropsduetothegenetechnique,ontheotherhandarethepotentialrisks.（Whilegivingyourideas,considertheinterestsofdifferentpeoples.）

2.What'syourcommentonthelastsentenceofthearticle:

“it'sconsumerswhowillhavethefinalword”?

答案：

FromthetextwecanseethatthefoodfightbetweentheU.S.andtheE.U.comesasmuchfromtheconcernfortheirowninterestsasfromsafetyconsiderations.WhiletheE.U.bannedthenon-provedGMfoodfromtheU.S.,FranceisstillchurningoutGMcrops.Anyway,itshowsthatpeoplearemorealerttothepotentialdangersoftheGMfood.（Yourcommentscanbepositiveornegative.Considerthatwhiletheconsumers'attitudesdeterminethepopularityoftheGMfood,thegovernment,scientificresearch,mediapropagandaandotherfactorscaninfluencetheconsumers'decisions　

1.PleaseillustratebrieflyhowMargaretarrangedherfeast.IfyouhavehadtheexperienceofshoppingthroughtheInternet,pleasegiveanaccountofit.

答案

SinceMargarethadtogetallsheneededthoughtheInternet,shefirstorderedanewsaltshakerandatablecloththroughwilliam-,andgotcoffeeandbeansrespectivelyatand.Afteralotoftroubles,shefinallygotgooseliveratGforrealfood.ShethengotacakeatinCalifornia.Tosolvetheproblemoffreshvegetablesshehitcajun-.Andshegothamthroughsmithfield-collection.ShealsoorderedflowersthroughtheInternet.Shegotwine,andaservantfromthelocalstoreswhichhadawebsite,sinceshecouldnotgetthemthroughtheInternetontimeoratareasonableprice.Itturnedoutthatsomeofherordersdidnotarriveontimeandthedinnercostmuchmorethatitwasworth.That'swhyMargaretcalleditavirtualsuccess.　

2.What'syourviewpointaboute-commerce?

　答案

E-commerceisaimedtomeetthecustomers'demandswithgreaterefficiency.Despiteitspresentdefects,itiscommonlybelievedtohaveabrightfuture.

（Developyourownidea.）

1.Whydoadvertiserstryhardtomarketdirectlytochildren?

答案：

Itdoesn'ttakeageniustoworkoutwhyadvertiserstryhardtomarketdirectlytochildren.Britishchildrenagedfourtofourteenspendanaverageof￡2.49eachweek.Thismakesthepocketmoneymarketworthmorethan￡1.5billionayear,accordingtoarecentreportfrommanagementconsultancyDatamonitor.IntheUSthepocketmoneymarketisworthamassive$64billionayear.Sellingtochildrenhasbecomebigbusiness.

2.Howischildadvertisingmadeasscientificaspossible?

答案：

Manymeasureshavebeentakentoachievethispurpose.Forexample,WinthropPublicationsinLondonhasjustlaunchedtheInternationalJournalofAdvertisingandMarketingtoChildren.Onearticlereportsthat60percentofchildrenagedtwotoelevenknowbytheendofOctoberwhattheywantforChristmas,andthatforgirlsunderseventhebiggestdecidingfactoriswhattheyseeontelevision.

Conferencesandconsultanciesabound.Pay￡2000andyoucanattendKidPower99atanyoneofastringofEuropeanvenues.Themeetingsofferworkshopson"whatworkswithkidsandwhy","peergroup1marketing"andhowto"thinklikeakid".Consultancyfirmswilltellyouhowtobuild"awallofcommunication"toinfluence"yourcoreconsumerlifestyle"fromthemomentsaidconsumeristwoyearsold.

3.Whatcanwelearnfrompsychologists'experimentsonchildren'sresponsetoads?

答案：

Frompsychologist'sexperimentsaboutchildren'sresponsetoads,wecanlearnthatchildrenarenotasgullibleastheyarethoughttobe.Theybecomemorecynicalandsophisticated.Childrenare"brandliterate"andtheycanseethrough"marketinghyperbole".Eitherchildrenaregettingwisetotheadvertisinggame,andatanearlieragethaninthe1970sand1980s,orinthepastpsychologistsunderestimatedtheiryoungsubjects'abilitytoworkoutotherpeople'smotivation.

Fromarticlereportsweknowthat60percentofchildrenagedtwotoelevenknowbytheendofOctoberknowwhattheywantforChristmas,andthatforgirlsunderseventhebiggestdecidingfactoriswhattheyseeontelevision.Childrenarenotoriouslyfickle,andadvertisershaveahardjobkeepingupwiththeircapricioustastes.Childrenareawareofthepurposeofads,thoseaimedchildrenarenomoresinisterthanthoseaimedatadults.

1.Whatfactorsaccountfortheincreasingkillingsbyadolescents?

答案

Violencemotionpicturesandcomputergamesareconsideredtobethemajorfactorofadolescentkilling.TheColoradoMassacreisagoodexamplegivenbytheauthor.Evenwhenresearchersfactoroutotherinfluencessuchasparentalattention,manypeer-reviewedstudieshavefoundcausallinksbetweenviewingphonyviolenceandengaginginactualviolence.A1971