高考英语二轮复习第一部分阅读理解篇专题1阅读理解第2讲推理判断类练案.docx

高考英语二轮复习第一部分阅读理解篇专题1阅读理解第2讲推理判断类练案.docx

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高考英语二轮复习第一部分阅读理解篇专题1阅读理解第2讲推理判断类练案

专题一　阅读理解

第二讲　推理判断类

真题验证

题　　组　　一

（2017·全国Ⅲ，B）

MinutesafterthelastmovieendedyesterdayatthePlazaTheater,employeeswerebusysweepinguppopcornsandgatheringcokecups.Itwasascenethathadbeenrepeatedmanytimesinthetheater's75－yearhistory.Thistime,however,thecleanupwasalittledifferent.Asonegroupofworkerscarriedouttherubbish,anothergroupbeganremovingseatsandothertheaterequipmentinpreparationforthebuilding'send.

ThefilmclassicTheLastPictureShowwasthelastmovieshownintheoldtheater.Thoughthemovieis30yearsold,mostofthe250seatswerefilledwithteary－eyedaudiencewantingtosaygood－byetotheoldbuilding.TheaterownerEdBradfordsaidhechosethemoviebecauseitseemedappropriate.Themovieissetinasmalltownwheretheonlymovietheaterispreparingtoclosedown.

BradfordsaidthatlargemoderntheatersinthecitymadeitimpossibleforthePlazatocompete.Headdedthatthetheater'slocation（位置）wasalsoareason.“Thisusedtobethecenteroftown，”hesaid.“Nowtheareaismostlyofficebuildingsandwarehouses.”

Lastweeksomecityofficialssuggestedthecitymightbeinterestedinturningtheoldtheaterintoamuseumandpublicmeetingplace.However,theseplanswereabandonedbecauseoffinancialproblems.Bradfordsoldthebuildingandlandtoalocaldevelopmentfirm,whichplanstobuildashoppingcomplexonthelandwherethetheaterislocated.

Thetheateraudiencesaidgood－byeasBradfordlockedthedoorsforthelasttime.After75yearsthePlazaTheaterhadshownitslastmovie.Thetheaterwillbemissed.

文章大意：

本文讲述的是拥有75年历史的广场剧院在放映完最后一部电影后即将关闭以及市民对它的不舍之情。

❶　Inwhatwaywasyesterday'scleanupatthePlazaspecial？

____B____

A．Itmaderoomfornewequipment.

B．Itsignaledtheclosedownofthetheater.

C．Itwasdonewiththehelpoftheaudience.

D．Itmarkedthe75thanniversaryofthetheate.

解析：

考查推理判断。

根据第一段的最后一句“Asonegroupofworkerscarriedouttherubbish，anothergroupbeganremovingseatsandothertheaterequipmentinpreparationforthebuilding'send”可推断出，工人们清理垃圾和清除座位及其他剧院设备是在为剧院的关闭作准备。

故选B。

❷　WhywasTheLastPictureShowputon？

____D____

A．Itwasanall－timeclassic.

B．Itwasaboutthehistoryofthetown.

C．Theaudiencerequestedit.

D．Thetheaterownerfounditsuitable.

解析：

考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“TheaterownerEdBradfordsaidhechosethemoviebecauseitseemedappropriate”可知，剧院的老板亲自选定了TheLastPictureShow这部电影，因为他认为这部电影很适合。

原文中的“appropriate”和D选项的“suitable”都表示“合适的”。

故选D。

❸　Whatwillprobablyhappentothebuilding？

____C____

A．Itwillberepaired.

B．Itwillbeturnedintoamuseum.

C．Itwillbeknockeddown.

D．Itwillbesoldtothecitygovernment.

解析：

考查推理判断。

第四段最后一句说剧院被卖给了当地的开发公司，该公司计划在剧院所在地建综合购物大楼，因此可推断出剧院将被推倒拆除。

故选C。

❹　Whatcanweinferabouttheaudience？

____B____

A．TheyaredisappointedwithBradford.

B．Theyaresadtopartwiththeoldtheater.

C．Theyaresupportiveofthecityofficials.

D．Theyareeagertohaveashoppingcenter.

解析：

考查推理判断。

根据第二段第二句“Thoughthemovieis30yearsold，mostofthe250seatswerefilledwithteary－eyedaudiencewantingtosaygood－byetotheoldbuilding”可知，观众含泪观看最后一部电影，想向剧院告别；再结合最后一段最后一句“Thetheaterwillbemissed”可以推断出观众对剧院恋恋不舍，与剧院告别让他们感到很悲伤。

故选B。

（2017·全国Ⅲ，C）

Afteryearsofheateddebate,graywolveswerereintroducedtoYellowstoneNationalPark.FourteenwolveswerecaughtinCanadaandtransportedtothepark.Bylastyear,theYellowstonewolfpopulationhadgrowntomorethan170wolves.

GraywolvesoncewereseenhereandthereintheYellowstoneareaandmuchofthecontinentalUnitedStates,buttheyweregradually__displaced__byhumandevelopment.Bythe1920s,wolveshadpracticallydisappearedfromtheYellowstonearea.TheywentfarthernorthintothedeepforestsofCanada,wheretherewerefewerhumansaround.

Thedisappearanceofthewolveshadmanyunexpectedresults.Deerandelkpopulations——majorfoodsources（来源）forthewolf——grewrapidly.Theseanimalsconsumedlargeamountsofvegetation（植被）,whichreducedplantdiversityinthepark.Intheabsenceof'wolves,coyotepopulationsalsogrewquickly.Thecoyoteskilledalargepercentageofthepark'sredfoxes,andcompletelydroveawaythepark'sbeavers.

Asearlyas1966,biologistsaskedthegovernmenttoconsiderreintroducingwolvestoYellowstonePark.Theyhopedthatwolveswouldbeabletocontroltheelkandcoyoteproblems.Manyfarmersopposedtheplanbecausetheyfearedthatwolveswouldkilltheirfarmanimalsorpets.

Thegovernmentspentnearly30yearscomingupwithaplantoreintroducethewolves.TheU．S.FishandWildlifeServicecarefullymonitorsandmanagesthewolfpacksinYellowstone.Today,thedebatecontinuesoverhowwellthegraywolfisfittinginatYellowstone.Elk,deer,andcoyotepopulationsaredown,whilebeaversandredfoxeshavemadeacomeback.TheYellowstonewolfprojecthasbeenavaluableexperimenttohelpbiologistsdecidewhethertoreintroducewolvestootherpartsofthecountryaswell.

文章大意：

本文是一篇说明文。

在争议了几年之后黄石国家公园终于把灰狼重新引入公园，以保持公园内生态的平衡。

❺　Whatisthetextmainlyabout？

____D____

A．WildliferesearchintheUnitedStates.

B．PlantdiversityintheYellowstonearea.

C．Theconflictbetweenfarmersandgraywolves.

D．ThereintroductionofwolvestoYellowstonePark.

解析：

考查主旨大意。

纵观全文可知，本文主要谈了将灰狼重新引入黄石国家公园的原因以及这一举措的成效等，故选D。

❻　Whatdoestheunderlinedword“displaced”inparagraph2mean？

____C____

A．Tested.　　　　　　　　　B．Separated.

C．Forcedout.　　D．Trackeddown.

解析：

考查词义猜测。

由第二段第一句话可知，曾经黄石公园里有灰狼，下文提到但后来由于人类的发展灰狼数量逐渐减少，几乎消失了，因此可以推出，displaced意为“被迫离开”，故选C。

❼　Whatdidthedisappearanceofgraywolvesbringabout？

____A____

A．Damagetolocalecology.

B．Adeclineinthepark'sincome.

C．Preservationofvegetation.

D．Anincreaseinthevarietyofanimals.

解析：

考查推理判断。

第三段提到由于灰狼的消失，鹿和麋鹿的数量快速增长，消耗了大量的植被，减少了植物种类同时丛林狼的数量增多，园内很多的红狐被猎杀，而河狸也完全消失了，由此推断出灰狼的消失对公园内的生态环境产生了损害。

故选A。

❽　Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheYellowstonewolfproject？

____B____

A．Doubtful.　　B．Positive.

C．Disapproving.　　D．Uncaring.

解析：

考查观点态度。

根据第五段最后一句中的“avaluableexperiment”可知，作者认为这项工程很有价值，因此他的态度应当是积极肯定的。

故选B。

（2017·北京，C）

Measles（麻疹）,whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore,wasnearlywipedoutintheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine（疫苗）.Butthediseaseismakingacomeback,causedbyagrowinganti－vaccinemovementandmisinformationthatisspreadingquickly.Alreadythisyear,115measlescaseshavebeenreportedintheUSA,comparedwith189foralloflastyear.

Thenumbersmightsoundsmall,buttheyaretheleadingedgeofadangeroustrend.Whenvaccinationratesareveryhigh,astheystillareinthenationasawhole,everyoneisprotected.Thisiscalled“herdimmunity”，whichprotectsthepeoplewhogethurteasily,includingthosewhocan'tbevaccinatedformedicalreasons,babiestooyoungtogetvaccinatedandpeopleonwhomthevaccinedoesn'twork.

Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin.Whensomerefusevaccinationandseekafreeride,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.

That'sexactlywhatishappeninginsmallneighborhoodsaroundthecountryfromOrangeCounty,California,where22measlescaseswerereportedthismonth,toBrooklyn,N．Y.,wherea17－year－oldcausedanoutbreaklastyear.

Theresistancetovaccinehascontinuedfordecades,anditisdrivenbyarealbutverysmallrisk.Thosewhorefusetotakethatriskselfishlymakeotherssuffer.

Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout（决定不参加）ofwhataresupposedtoberequiredvaccinesforallchildrenenteringkindergarten.Seventeenstatesallowparentstogetanexemption（豁免）,sometimesjustbysigningapapersayingtheypersonallyobjecttoavaccine.

Now,severalstatesaremovingtotightenlawsbyaddingnewregulationsforoptingout.Butnoonedoesenoughtolimitexemptions.

Parentsoughttobeabletooptoutonlyforlimitedmedicalorreligiousreasons.Butpersonalopinions?

Notgoodenough.Everyoneenjoysthelife－savingbenefitsvaccinesprovide,butthey'llexistonlyaslongaseveryonesharesintherisks.

文章大意：

这是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了近年来曾经致命且几乎消失了的麻疹卷土重来。

究其原因，是少数人拒绝注射疫苗，导致了自己及其他人的健康受损。

作者呼吁人人都应该注射麻疹疫苗。

❾　Thefirsttwoparagraphssuggestthat____A____.

A．asmallnumberofmeaslescasescanstartadangeroustrend

B．theoutbreakofmeaslesattractsthepublicattention

C．anti－vaccinemovementhasitsmedicalreasons

D．informationaboutmeaslesspreadsquickly

解析：

考查推理判断。

根据前两段的内容，尤其是第二段中的“Thenumbersmightsoundsmall，buttheyaretheleadingedgeofadangeroustrend”可知，少量的麻疹病例却能引起危险的趋势。

故选A。

　Herdimmunityworkswellwhen____C____.

A．exemptionsareallowed

B．severalvaccinesareusedtogether

C．thewholeneighborhoodisinvolvedin

D．newregulationsareaddedtothestatelaws

解析：

考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin”可知，只有在大家都参加疫苗接种的情况下群体免疫力才有作用。

故选C。

　Whatisthemainreasonforthecomebackofmeasles？

____D____

A．Theoveruseofvaccine.

B．Thelackofmedicalcare.

C．Thefeaturesofmeaslesitself.

D．Thevaccineopt－outsofsomepeople.

解析：

考查推理判断。

根据全文内容，尤其是第一段和第六段中的“Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout（决定不参加）ofwhataresupposedtoberequiredvaccinesforallchildrenenteringkindergarten”可知，麻疹死灰复燃的主要原因是一些人不参加疫苗接种。

故选D。

　Whatisthepurposeofthepassage？

____C____

A．Tointroducetheideaofexemption.

B．Todiscussmethodstocuremeasles.

C．Tostresstheimportanceofvaccination.

D．Toappealforequalrightsinmedicaltreatment.

解析：

考查写作意图。

根据最后一段中的“Everyoneenjoythelife－savingbenefitsvaccinesprovide，butthey'llexistonlyaslongaseveryonesharesintherisks”并结合文中所述的麻疹死灰复燃的事实可知，作者的目的是强调麻疹疫苗接种的重要性。

故选C。