英语四级考仔细阅读练习.docx

英语四级考仔细阅读练习.docx

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英语四级考仔细阅读练习

2012年英语四级考试仔细阅读练习（4）

PartIIReadingComprehension

　　（35minutes）

　　Directions:

Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

　　Passageone

　　Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　Somepessimisticexpertsfeelthattheautomobileisboundtofallintodisuse.Theyseeadayinthenot-too-distantfuturewhenallautoswillbeabandonedandallowedtorust.Otherauthorities,however,thinktheautoisheretostay.Theyholdthatthecarwillremainaleadingmeansofurbantravelintheforeseeablefuture.

　　Themotorcarwillundoubtedlychangesignificantlyoverthenext30years.Itshouldbecomesmaller,safer,andmoreeconomical,andshouldnotbepoweredbythegasolineengine.Thecarofthefutureshouldbefarmorepollution-freethanpresenttypes.

　　Regardlessofitspowersource,theautointhefuturewillstillbethemainprobleminurbantrafficcongestion（拥挤）.Oneproposedsolutiontothisproblemistheautomatedhighwaysystem.

　　Whentheautoentersthehighwaysystem,aretractable（可伸缩的）armwilldropfromtheautoandmakecontactwitharail,whichissimilartothosepoweringsubwaytrainselectrically.Onceattachedtotherail,thecarwillbecomeelectricallypoweredfromthesystem,andcontrolofthevehiclewillpasstoacentralcomputer.Thecomputerwillthenmonitorallofthecar’smovements.

　　Thedriverwilluseatelephonetodialinstructionsabouthisdestinationintothesystem.Thecomputerwillcalculatethebestroute,andreservespaceforthecarallthewaytothecorrectexitfromthehighway.Thedriverwillthenbefreetorelaxandwaitforthebuzzer（蜂鸣器）thatwillwarnhimofhiscomingexit.Itisestimatedthatanautomatedhighwaywillbeabletohandle10,000vehiclesperhour,comparedwiththe1,500to2,000vehiclesthatcanbecarriedbyapresent-dayhighway.

　　21.Onesignificantimprovementinthefuturecarwillprobablybe________.

　　A）itspowersource

　　B）itsdrivingsystem

　　C）itsmonitoringsystem

　　D）itsseatingcapacity

　　22.Whatistheauthor’smainconcern?

　　A）Howtorenderautomobilespollution-free.

　　B）Howtomakesmallerandsaferautomobiles.

　　C）Howtosolvetheproblemoftrafficjams.

　　D）Howtodevelopanautomatedsubwaysystem.

　　23.Whatprovidesautoswithelectricpowerinanautomatedhighwaysystem?

　　A）Arail.

　　B）Anengine.

　　C）Aretractablearm.

　　D）Acomputercontroller.

　　24.Inanautomatedhighwaysystem,allthedriverneedstodois________.

　　A）keepintherightlane

　　B）waittoarriveathisdestination

　　C）keepinconstanttouchwiththecomputercenter

　　D）informthesystemofhisdestinationbyphone

　　25.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthefutureofautos?

　　A）Enthusiastic.

　　B）Pessimistic.

　　C）Optimistic.

　　D）Cautious.

　PassageTwo

　　Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　Foxesandfarmershavenevergotonwell.Thesesmalldog-likeanimalshavelongbeenaccusedofkillingfarmanimals.Theyareofficiallyclassifiedasharmfulandfarmerstrytokeeptheirnumbersdownbyshootingorpoisoningthem.

　　Farmerscanalsocallontheservicesoftheirlocalhunttocontrolthefoxpopulation.Huntingconsistsofpursuingafoxacrossthecountryside,withagroupofspeciallytraineddogs,followedbymenandwomenridinghorses.Whenthedogseventuallycatchthefoxtheykillitorahuntershootsit.

　　Peoplewhotakepartinhuntingthinkofasasport;theywearaspecialuniformofred

　　coatsandwhitetrousers,andfollowstrictcodesofbehavior.Butowningahorseandhuntingregularlyisexpensive,somosthuntersarewealthy.

　　Itisestimatedthatupto100,000peoplewatchortakepartinfoxhunting.Butoverthelastcoupleofdecadesthenumberofpeopleopposedtofoxhunting,becausetheythinkitisbrutal（残酷的）,hasrisensharply.Nowadaysitisrareforahunttopassoffwithoutsomekindofconfrontation（冲突）betweenhuntersandhuntsaboteurs（阻拦者）.Sometimestheseincidentsleadtoviolence,butmostlysaboteursinterferewiththehuntbymisleadingridersanddisturbingthetrailofthefox’ssmell,whichthedogsfollow.

　　Noisyconfrontationsbetweenhuntersandsaboteurshavebecomesocommonthattheyarealmostasmuchapartofhuntingasthepursuitoffoxesitself.Butthisyearsupportersoffoxhuntingfaceamuchbiggerthreattotheirsport.ALabourPartyMemberoftheParliament,MikeFoster,istryingtogetParliamenttoapproveanewlawwhichwillmakethehuntingofwildanimalswithdogsillegal.Ifthelawispassed,wildanimalslikefoxeswillbeprotectedunderthebaninBritain.

　　26.RichpeopleinBritainhavebeenhuntingfoxes________.

　　A）forrecreation

　　B）intheinterestsofthefarmers

　　C）tolimitthefoxpopulation

　　D）toshowofftheirwealth

　　27.WhatisspecialaboutfoxhuntinginBritain?

　　A）Itinvolvestheuseofadeadlypoison.

　　B）Itisacostlyeventwhichrarelyoccurs.

　　C）Thehuntershavesetrulestofollow.

　　D）Thehuntershavetogothroughstricttraining.

　　28.Foxhuntingopponentsofteninterfereinthegame________.

　　A）byresortingtoviolence

　　B）byconfusingthefoxhunters

　　C）bytakinglegalaction

　　D）bydemonstratingonthescene

　　29.AnewlawmaybepassedbytheBritishParliamentto________.

　　A）prohibitfarmersfromhuntingfoxes

　　B）forbidhuntingfoxeswithdogs

　　C）stophuntingwildanimalsinthecountryside

　　D）preventlarge-scalefoxhunting

　　30.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.

　　A）killingfoxeswithpoisonisillegal

　　B）limitingthefoxpopulationisunnecessary

　　C）huntingfoxeswithdogsisconsideredcruelandviolent

D）fox-huntingoftenleadstoconfrontationbetweenthepoorandtherich

PassageThree　　Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　ForanincreasingnumberofstudentsatAmericanuniversities,Oldissuddenlyin.Thereasonisobvious:

thegrayingofAmericameansjobs,coupledwiththeagingofthebaby-boom（生育高峰）generation,alongerlifespanmeansthatthenation’selderlypopulationisboundtoexpandsignificantlyoverthenext50years.By2050,25percentofallAmericanswillbeolderthan65,upfrom14percentin1995.Thechangeposesprofoundquestionsforgovernmentandsociety,ofcourse.Butitalsocreatescareeropportunitiesinmedicineandhealthprofessions,andinlawandbusinessaswell.“Inadditiontothedoctors,we’regoingtoneedmoresociologists,biologists,urbanplannersandspecializedlawyers,”saysProfessorEdwardSchneideroftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia’s（USC）SchoolofGerontology（老年学）.

　　Lawyerscanspecializein“elderlaw,”whichcoverseverythingfromtrustsandestatestonursing-homeabuseandagediscrimination（歧视）.Businessmenseehugeopportunitiesintheeldermarketbecausethebabyboomers,74millionstrong,arelikelytobethewealthiestgroupofretireesinhumanhistory.“Anystudentwhocombinesanexpertknowledgeingerontologywith,say,anMBAorlawdegreewillhavealicensetoprintmoney,”oneprofessorsays.

　　MargariteSantosisa21-year-oldsenioratUSC.Shebegancollegeasabiologymajorbutfoundshewas“reallyboredwithbacteria.”Soshetookaclassingerontologyanddiscoveredthatsheliedit.Shesays,“Ididvolunteerworkinretirementhomesanditwasverysatisfying.”

　　31.“...Oldissuddenlyin”（Line1,Para.1）mostprobablymeans“________”.

　　A）Americahassuddenlybecomeanationofoldpeople

　　B）gerontologyhassuddenlybecomepopular

　　C）moreelderlyprofessorsarefoundonAmericancampuses

　　D）Americancollegeshaverealizedtheneedofenrollingolderstudents

　　32.WiththeagingofAmerica,lawyerscanbenefit________.

　　A）fromtheadoptionofthe“elderlaw”

　　B）fromrenderingspecialservicestotheelderly

　　C）byenrichingtheirprofessionalknowledge

　　D）bywinningthetrustoftheelderlytopromotetheirowninterests

　　33.Whycanbusinessmenmakemoneyintheemergingeldermarket?

　　A）Retireesaremoregenerousinspendingmoney.

　　B）Theycanemploymoregerontologists.

　　C）Theelderlypossessanenormouspurchasingpower.

　　D）Therearemoreelderlypeopleworkingthanbefore.

　　34.Whocanmakebigmoneyinthenewcenturyaccordingtothepassage?

　　A）Retireeswhoarebusiness-minded.

　　B）Thevolunteerworkersinretirementhomes.

　　C）CollegegraduateswithanMBAorlawdegree.

　　D）Professionalswithagoodknowledgeofgerontology.

　　35.ItcanbeseenfromthepassagethattheexpansionofAmerica’selderlypopulation________.

　　A）willprovidegoodjobopportunitiesinmanyareas

　　B）willimposeanunbearableburdenonsociety

　　C）mayleadtonursinghomeabuseandagediscrimination

　　D）willcreatenewfieldsofstudyinuniversities

　PassageFour

　　Questions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

　　Thedeclineinmoralstandards—whichhaslongconcernedsocialanalysts—hasatlastcapturedtheattentionofaverageAmericans.AndJeanBethkeElshtain,forone,isglad.

　　Thefacttheordinarycitizensarenowstartingtothinkseriouslyaboutthenation’smoralclimate,saysthisethics（伦理学）professorattheUniversityofChicago,isreasontohopethatnewideaswillcomeforwardtoimproveit.

　　Butthechallengeisnottobeunderestimated.MaterialismandindividualisminAmericansocietyarethebiggestobstacles.“Thethoughtthat‘I’minitforme’hasbecomedeeplyrootedinthenationalconsciousness,”Ms.Elshtainsays.

　　Someofthiscanbe