英语基础写作1授课教案.docx

英语基础写作1授课教案.docx

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英语基础写作1授课教案

英语基础写作1授课教案

临沂师范学院

外国语学院

2008-2009学年第一学期

《英语基础写作1》

教案

教材:

《英语写作手册》,丁往道主编,

授课人:

邢元平王之波

2008年9月

Contents

ABriefIntroductionoftheCourse1periodChapterOneUsingProperWords5periodsChapterTwoMakingCorrectandEffectiveSentences6periodsChapterThreeDevelopingParagraphs6periodsChapterFourComposingEssays8periods

ChapterFiveManuscriptFormandPunctuation4periods

ChapterSixPracticalWriting

（1）2periods

授

课ABriefIntroductionofABasicCourseinEnglishWriting题

目

教

学

Graspthecharacters,aim,importantanddifficultpoints,learningmethodsand目

的

therequirementsofthetestsofthecourse.与

要

求

教

学

方

Discussion,Explanation,GroupActivity法

与

手

段

Thecriterionofagoodcomposition教

学

Thewritingprocessofagoodcomposition重

点

与

难

点

Week11period授课时间授课学时

I.AbriefintroductionofEnglishBasicWriting

Itscharacters,aim,importantanddifficultpoints,learningmethodsandthe

requirementsofthetests.

II.WhatisaGoodWriting

AsEarnestBoyersays:

Clearwritingleadstoclearthinking;clearthinkingis教

thebasisofclearwriting.Perhapsmorethananyotherformsofommunication,学

writingholdsusresponsibleforourwordsandultimatelymakesusmore

内thoughtfulhumanbeings.

容2.1Whatiswriting

Thedictionarydefineswritingas“relatingorcommunicatingbyforming

symbolsonasurfacewithapen,pencil,orothertools.”Thekeywordshereare

relatingandcommunicating.Writtenideasareusuallymeanttopassonamessage.

2.2WhatisagoodWriting

Thebasicprinciplesofagoodwritingareasthefollows:

honesty,clarity,brevity,andvariety

1.Beinghonest:

don?

ttrytofakeyourideas.

2.Beingclear:

don?

tpuzzleyourreaders.

3.Beingbrief:

don?

twasteyourreader?

stime.

4.Seekingvariety:

tovarysentencelength;toworkonliveliness.

Hestillmentionsotherattributesofeffectivewriting:

“goodhumor,goodsense,vitality,imagination”.Ifyoucanmasterthefouressentials--honesty,clarity,

brevity,andvariety,you?

llbeacompetentwriter.

2.3DifferencesbetweenChineseWritingandEnglishWriting

Writinginaforeignlanguageatfirstmayseemtobemuchlikewritinginournativelanguage,butofcourseitisn?

t.Thesedifferencesexistbecauseeachculturehasitsownspecialwayofthinking.Andhowapersonthinkslargelydetermineshowhewrites.Thus,inordertowritewellinEnglish,astudentshouldfirstunderstandhowEnglishspeakersusuallyarrangetheirideas.Thisarrangementof

ideascanbecalledaThoughtPattern.

AbasicfeatureoftheEnglishparagraphisthatitnormallyfollowsastraightlineofdevelopment.ThisEnglishthoughtpatternisimportantforawritertounderstand.Theparagraphoftenbeginswithastatementofitscentralidea,knownastopicsentence,followedbyaseriesofsub-divisionsofthecentral.These

sub-divisionshavethepurposeofdevelopingthetopicsentence,preparingfortheadditionofotherideasinlatterparagraphs.Infollowingadirectlineof

development,anEnglishparagraphisverydifferent,forinstance,fromanorientalparagraph,whichtendstofollowacircularlineofdevelopment.ItalsodiffersfromaSemiticparagraph,whichtendstofollowparallellinesofdevelopment.

A.Itisgenerallyacceptedthat“Chinesethoughtpatterniscircular”.Theideais

introducedandastheideaisdevelopedortheconversationprocesses,each

loopcomesclosertothepointuntilthemainissueisfinallyaddressed.In

contrast,Englishthoughtislinear.

B.ThesecondareaofdifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishwritingisin

objectivity.Generallyspeaking,“Chinesewritingisverypersonal”.The

Chinesewriterspendsagreatdealofefforttellingthereaderhowhefeels,

wantingthereadertofeelthesameway.TheChinesewriterwritesfrominside

oftheeventorissue.“TheEnglishwriterismoreobjective.”Hisreaderwould

say,“Don?

ttellmehowyoufeel,tellmewhathappens.IwilldecidehowI

feel.”

C.Inwriting,“Englishemphasizescreativityandindividualism.”Acomposition

isareflectionofthepersonwhoisdoingwriting.Freshnessandoriginalityare

praised.However,Chinesewritinghonorstheuseofproverbslike“Nopains,

nogains.”And“Timeflieslikeanarrow.”Chinesealsovaluesmodelsand

imitationinwriting.

D.Inpervasivewriting,“Chinesearemoremilitant”intheirlanguageandtone.

Theimperativeismuchmorecommon.Phrasessuchas“Wemust…,You

should…,orabsolutely”arefrequentlyseen.Awesternwriterwouldstatehis

pointandletthefactsandlogicspeakforthemselves.

E.ThelastareainwhichChineseWritingdiffersfromwesternwritingisinthe

areaofstatingamoralorspecificlessontobelearnedfromanissueorevent.

Firstofall,toawesterner,noteveryissuehasamoralthatneedstobe

emphasized.Secondly,insomecaseshewouldfeelthelessononeperson

learnsmaybedifferentfromwhatanotherpersonlearns.Andthird,themoral

orthelessonmaybeclearlypresentedinthestoryandtorestateitasaspecific

pointwouldberedundantortrite.

2.4WritingProcess

Writinggivesyouthefreedomtoexpressyourself.Unlikeconversation,italsoallowsyouwiththeluxurytorefineyourwordingbeforeyouletanyoneelseseeit.Sothe“classroomwriting”isakindoffive-stepprocesswriting:

generating

idea,organizingtheseideas,writing,revisingandediting.

Example:

Topic:

Theaccident

Introduction:

I.Peoplemuststaycalmwhentheyseeanaccidentbecausemany

badthingswillhappeniftheydon?

t.

Transition:

II.Manylivescanbesavedbyremainingrelaxedduringacrisis.

Body:

A.CallB.HelpC.Wait

Conclusion:

III.Itmaynotbeeasytostaycontrolledinemergencysituations,but

itisabsolutelynecessary

思考

WhatarethedifferencesofChineseWritingandEnglishWriting?

与练习

齐宗一.《英语写作入门》.科学普及出版社,1993.6.H315/Q132:

1

参毛荣贵.《英语写作纵横谈》.上海外语教育出版社,1998.02.H315/M198:

1

考张弘.《大学英语写作理论与实践》.东北林业大学出版社.2003.07资Harmer,J.ThePracticeofEnglishLanguageTeaching.London:

PearsonEducationLimited,料

2003.

课Strategies:

Theteacherchecksthestudentsforcommentsandfeedback.后

Purpose:

checkingforunderstanding.分析

授

ChapterOneUsingProperWords课题目教学目的Teachstudentstouseproperwordswhilewriting.

与要求教学方

Discussion,explanation,exploring,projectandpresentation法与手段

教学

Generalandspecialwords,synonyms重点与难点

授课时间Week1,2,3授课学时5periods

1.Typesofwords

Commonwords:

thecoreoftheEnglishvocabulary.

Formalwords:

usedbypeopleofspecialprofessionsorfields,onspecialoccasionsorforspecialpurposes.

Nonstandardwords:

understandbutavoidusingthem.

Typesofwordshavemuchtodowithstyle.

2.Choiceofwords

2.1.usecommonorinformalwordsforgeneralpurposes;useformalornonstandardwordsonlyspecialoccasionsorforspecialpurposes;

2.2.usespecificandconcretewordswhengivingdetails;usegeneralorabstractwordswhenmakingsummaries;

2.3.useidiomaticexpressionsandwordsinacceptablecollocations;avoidcombinationsthatareunidiomatic;

Bothgeneralandspecificwordsareusefulinwriting.Whenwedescribeorexplainthings,教orwhenwegivedetails,weshouldtrytousespecificorconcretewordswhereverpossible,for

学theyarevivid,exactandinteresting;whenwesummarizeorgeneralize,wemayfindgeneralor

abstractwordsuseful.内

3.Synonyms容

3.1.Definition:

wordsdifferentinsoundandspellingbutmorenearlyalikeorexactlythesameinmeaning.

3.2.Typesofsynonyms

absolutesynonyms:

scarlet-fever/scarlatina

Relativesynonyms:

change/alter/vary

3.3.Discriminationofsynonyms

4.Somegooddictionaries

LongmanDictionaryofContemporaryEnglish

OxfordAdvancedLearner?

sDictionaryofCurrentEnglish

CollinsCobuildEnglishLanguageDictionary

Webster?

sNewWorldDictionary

Dictionariesofidioms

Dictionariesofcollocations

Dictionariesofsynonymsandthesauri

思Writeashortparagraphaboutthefollowingtopic:

考与Sandstormgivesagreatinfluenceonpeople?

slifeandenvironment

练Payattentiontothewordsyouuseandtrytousethemostproperones.习

[1]丁往道主编，《英语写作手册》，外语教学与研究出版社，2004.

参[2]王西玲主编，《遣词?

造句?

组段》，西北工业大学出版社，2004.考

[3]Harmer,J.HowtoTeachEnglish.Beijing:

ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearch资料Press,2000.

课Strategies:

Theteacherchecksthestudentsforcommentsandfeedback.后

Purpose:

checkingforunderstanding.分析

授课ChapterTwoMakingCorrectandEffectiveSentences题目教学目的Teachstudentstomakecorrectandeffectivesentences

与要求教学方

Analysis,explanation,discussion,groupactivities,projectandpresentation法与手段

教学重

Completenessinstructure,clearpronoun,reference,unity,coherence点与难点

Week4,5,6授课时间授课学时6periods

1.Correctsentences

Allkindsofwritingaremadeupofsentences.Ifwewanttowritewell,weshouldlearn

towritecorrectandgoodsentences.Inthissection,weshalltalkabouttherequirementsofacorrectsentence.

Completenessinstructure

Therightsubject

Agreementbetweenthesubjectandthepredicateverb

Clearpronounreference

Endingsentenceswithfullstops

教Joiningclauseswithconjunctions

学Amainclauseinacomplexsentence

Properuseofcomparisons内

Correctuseofthetense容2.Coordinationandsubordination

Thechoiceofcoordinationorsubordinationismainlydecidedbytherelationshipbetween

theideastobeexpressed.

3.Effectivesentences

Unity

Coherence

Conciseness

Emphasis

Variety

Chooseoneofthefollowingtopicsandfreewritefor10minutes.Shareyourideaswith

anotherpersonintheclass.Donotmakeany