初三英语词语用法unit 712人教版.docx
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初三英语词语用法unit712人教版
初三英语词语用法(Unit7-12)人教版
【本讲教育信息】
一.教学内容:
词语用法(Unit7-12)
1.seesb.doing.sth/seesb.dosth.
A.seesbdoingsth.看见某人(正在)做某事
IsawhimwritingontheblackboardwhenIpassedby.
B.seesbdo看见某人做某事(已做过或一般情况)
Ioftenseeherplaythepianoafterschool.
2.attheendof/bytheendof/intheend
(1)attheendof“在…末梢,到…的尽头”
后面可接地点或时间,接时间常与一般过去时和一般将来时连用。
attheendofroad(地点)
attheendofthismonth(时间)
Hewillattendanimportantmeetingattheendofthismonth.
Theyhadateapartyattheendoflastyear.
(2)bytheendof:
某一点时间以前,或到一点时间为止,谓语动词一般是表示状态的动词,多与完成时连用。
Bytheendofthepartytheyhadgotdrunk.
Theyhadlearnteightunitsbytheendoflastmouth.
(3)intheend“最后、终于”,相当于finally,atlast,afterall等
Intheendtheywonthematch.
Intheendtheysenttheboytothehospital.
3.fillwith/befullof
(1)fillwith动词短语“将…装满,被…充满”
Herbagwasfilledwithbook.
Wemustfilltheholewithsand.
Theclassroomwasfilledwithsinging.
(2)befullof形容词短语,full是形容词,“充满…,富于…的”
Theroomisfullofpeople.
Herfutureisfullofhope.
她大有前途。
4.so…that/such…that/too…to/sothat.
(1)so…that/such…that:
如此…以致于…
so修饰形容词、副词,such修饰名词
Itwassuchafinddaythateveryonewasintheopenair.
Itwassodarkthatwecouldn’tseeanythingintheroom.
HewalkedsoquicklythatIcouldnotcatchupwithhim.
Sheissoprettythatherfriendsalllikeher.
(2)so…that/too…to
so…that+否定词,可以与too…to互转,so…that是复合词,too…to是简单句。
Hewassobusythathedidn’thavetimetoseethefilm.
=Hewastoobusytoseethefilm.
Theboyspokesoquicklythatwecouldn’thearhimclearly.
=Theboyspoketooquicklytohearclearly.
(3)sothat/so…that
sothat“以便,为了”引导目的状语从句
so…that引导结果状语从句
Hegotupearlysothathecouldgotoschoolontime.(目的是准时到校)
Pleasefinishdoingyourhomeworkquicklysothatyoucanhelpyourmotherwithhousework.
(目的是帮助妈妈干家务)
Nancyissoangrythatshecan’tsayaword.
(结果是说不出一句话)
5.beableto/can
(1)can只有现在式和过去式,因此当表示将来或完成意义时,要用beableto的将来时态或完成时态。
Hisunclecan(isableto)driveabus.
LiLidacould(wasableto)crosstheQiongzhouchannelwhenhewasthirteen.
(2)表示经过努力而成功的做某一次动作,只能用beableto而不用could
Willhebeabletoescapefromtheprison?
Canhedance?
注意:
A.当can表示许可的意思时,不能与beableto互换。
B.can和beableto没有进行时态
C.beableto后不能接不定式的被动语态。
6.plant/grow
(1)plant主要指种植这一行为
EveryTreePlantingDaytheyoungpeoplegotoplanttreebytheriver.
Thefarmerswereplantingrosesinthefieldatthistimeyesterday.(plant可做名词,植物)
(2)grow主要指种植以后的栽培、管理过程
Peoplegrowwheatinthenorth.
Theoldmangrowsmanyflowersinhisyard.
(3)grow的其他用法
A.用作不及物动词,“成长、长大、增长”
Thetownisgrowingrapidly.
这个城镇正在迅速发展
Shewantstobeadoctorwhenshegrowsup.
B.用作不及物动词,表示“大小、体积、数量的增长”
Theworld’spopulationisgrowingmuchfasterthanbefore.
Shegrewinexperience.
她增长了经验。
C.可作系动词表示“渐渐变得”与become,get一样,后接形容词。
Theweatherisgrowingcolderandcolder.
7.earth/ontheearth/onearth
(1)earth意为“土,泥土,写冠词the连用,表示地球、大陆、陆地”
Covertherootswithearth.
用土覆住根部。
Theearthgoesroundthesun.
(2)ontheearth在地球上、大陆上
Weliveontheearth.
Thereareallkindsofanimalsontheearth.
(3)onearth究竟、到底
A.放在最高级之后,用来强调最高级
Edisonwasthegreatestinventoronearth.
B.意为“到底、究竟”放在代词who,what或副词when,where,why,how之后,以加强疑问。
Whyonearthdidn’tyougotoschool?
你究竟为什么没有上学。
Whatonearthisit?
这到底是什么?
8.inorderto/inorderthat
(1)inorderto+动词不定式
否定形式:
inordernottodosth.
Theassistanttoldthestudentstokeepquietinordernottodisturbothers.
(2)inorderthat后接从句,表示目的,从句中常用may,can,could,might,willbeableto,would,should等情态动词。
Hespokeslowlyinorderthateveryonecouldunderstandhim.
9.thanksto/becauseof
(1)thanksto意为“多亏、由于”,带有感情色彩,表示由于某种原因得到了好的结果。
Thankstoherhelp,theoldwomanfoundherdaughter.
ThanksJim,wefinisheditfirst.
(2)becauseof无感情色彩,只表示某种原因。
Hedidn’tcomebecauseofsickness.
Hisfacewentredbecauseofwhatshesaid.
10.in/on/at表示时间
(1)在年代、月份、季节、不特指的morning,afternoon,evening前用in.
HersistertookpartinasportsmeetinginApril,2001.
Heoftengoesoverthetextintheevening.
(2)某一天(如星期几,几号),特定的某天、上午、中午、下午,或晚上要用on.
ThePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfoundedonOctober1,1949.
IgotothecitylibraryonSundaymorning.
(3)具体的时间点,不特指的noon,night前用at
Shegetsupat6:
00inthemorning.
Shehadanexamatthebeginningofthemonth.
atnoon,atnight.
11.first/atfirst
(1)first=firstofall.首先、第一,一般用在说明顺序上的首先、第一。
Workmustcomefirst.
(2)atfirst=atthebeginning“最初、开始”一般用来暗示后来情况有所变化。
AtfirsthelivedinTianjinandthenmovedtoShanghai.
12.discover/lookfor/find
(1)discover“发现”指偶然发生或察看到早已存在着的或早已为人所知的人或事。
WediscoveredMissWangtobefriendlytous.
(2)lookfor“寻找”强调寻找的动作、不涉及结果,是延续性动词。
Thetwoboysarelookingfortheborrowednewspapereverywhere.
(3)find“发现、找到”强调结果,是短暂性动词。
Shecan’tfindtimetoplay.
13.longbefore/beforelong
(1)longbefore“很久以前”作状语,常与一般过去时,过去完成时连用。
Thatmeansdinosaurslivedlongbeforehumanbeingsappeared.
(2)beforelong“不久以后”相当于soon,多与将来时连用。
Hewillbebackbeforelong.
Ishallseeyoubeforelong.
14.becoveredwith/becoveredby
(1)becoveredwith“由…覆盖”表示自身自然生长的。
Catsarecoveredwithfuranddogsarecoveredwithhair.
(2)becoveredby“被…覆盖”表示动作,是被动的结构。
Thehilliscoveredbygreentrees.
Theground,thehousesandthetreeswereallcoveredbysnow.
15.inthefuture/infuture.
(1)inthefuture“将来”指将来的某一时期,相当于thetimeyettocome
Shewantstogoabroadinthefuture.
Hewillbecomeafilmstarinthefuture.
(2)infuture“将来、今后”,主要强调从现在起的以后,相当于fromnowon.
“Youmuststudyhardinfuture,”theteachersaid.
16.because/since/as/for
(1)because从属连词,“因为”,表示直接的理由,由because引导的从句,一般放在主句的后面。
Mymotherdidn’tgoshoppingbecauseshewasn’tfree.
-Whydidn’tyoucometoschool?
-BecauseIhadahighfever.
(2)since说明两件事之间的逻辑关系,“既然”
Sincetheyhaven’tanypaper,theycan’tmakepaperships.
(3)as说明明显的理由,“由于”,由as引导的从句一般放在主句的前面。
Asitisdark,westoppedtohavearest.
(4)for表示原因时语气最弱,是并列连词,常用来补充说明理由或提供一种解释,由for引导的从句一般放在主句的后面。
Imustgohomenowformysisteriswaitingforme.
17.repair/fix/mend
A.repair与fix是同义词,repair的宾语通常是建筑物、堤坝、车辆、机械等。
有时repair与fix可互换。
Hehadrepairedthewatchby5o’clockthedaybeforeyesterday.
Mr.Wanghasrepaired(fixed)hisbiketwice.
B.fix常用美语口语“修理、整理”一般用于修理钟表、无线电等。
Ihadmytaperecorderfixed.
C.mend表示“修补破损的东西,使其恢复原样,多用于修补构造简单的小东西。
”
ThestudentsofClassThreemendedthewindowsoftheclassroomyesterday.
18.universe/space/sky
A.universe:
“宇宙、天地万物”强调宇宙的物质概念
Theearthisonlyasmallpartoftheuniverse.
B.space空间,指大气层以外的太空领域。
Themoonisquitenearusinspace.
C.sky天、天空,指我们在地球上能看到的太阳、月亮、星星的天空,一般用单数。
Therearemillionsofstarsinthesky.
19.ordinary/common
A.ordinary侧重于与一般标准相比并不特殊,修饰人或物,反义词special
Youshoulddoitinanordinaryway.
Heiswearinganordinaryshirt.
B.common侧重于到处可见的或众所周知的,多数情况下修饰物。
Thisisaverycommonidiom.
Wehavemanythingsincommon.
我们有很多相似之处。
20.message/news/information.
A.message“消息、信息”可数名词,常指口信、致贺词、贺电。
Ihaveamessageforyoufromyourparents.
B.news“新闻、报导”是不可数名词,媒体上得到的消息。
Thisnewsisgood,wheredidyougetit?
C.information“通知、报告、消息、报导”主要强调情报、资料、消息、网上信息,不可数名词。
Hewantssomeinformationaboutthematter.
21.putup/build/found/setup
A.setup建立某种机构、设施等。
Severalnewschoolshavebeensetupinthecity.
B.build“建筑、建设”接表示具体事物的名词。
Thepeopleinthevillagearebuildinganewbridgeacrosstheriver.
C.putup“立起、兴起、搭起、举手、挂起、张贴”
Theyhaveputupasmallhouseneartheriver.
D.found“成立、建立、创立”侧重表示打基础。
Thehospitalwasfoundtenyearsago.
【模拟试题】(答题时间:
90分钟)
第I卷
听力测试(一~四略)
第II卷选择性试题(共50分)
五.选择填空从下列各题所给的四个选项中选择最佳的一项。
(共15分)
()21.Couldyoutellhim_______theTV?
Iwanttogotobed.
A.toturnoffB.turningoffC.turnsoffD.turnoff
()22.Thepolicemanusuallyaskstheboys_______inthestreet.It’sdangerous.
A.don’tplayB.notplayC.nottoplayD.aren’tplaying
()23.ThiskindofCDplayer_________inGuangdong.Itworksverywell.
A.makesB.madeC.ismadeD.mustmake
()24.He_______inavillageschoolfor25years.Let’sgoandvisithim.
A.teachesB.taughtC.teachD.hastaught
()25.Theyhaveplantedmanytreesandflowers________theycametoourtown.
A.sinceB.becauseC.whenD.while
()26.Hesaidthathe_______speakalittleEnglishwhenhewasfive.
A.couldB.isabletoC.canD.beableto
()27.Doyouknow_________visitUncleJim’sfarm?
A.whereshallweB.whereweshall
C.whenweshallD.whenshallwe
()28.A_______candoalmostallformanthoughitcan’ttaketheplaceofman.Ithaschangedtheworldalot.
A.e-mailB.InternetC.computerD.mobilephone
()29.“Ifyouknowtheanswer,put________yourhandplease.”theteachersaid.
A.downB.upC.onD.away
()30.Americanscelebrate________onThanksgivingDay.
A.theharvestB.thebrightandroundmoon
C.NewYear’scomingD.JesusChristbirthday
()31.-“HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou?
”
-“Yes,it’sfamousforits________.”
A.woolB.nylonC.cottonD.silk
()32.Englishisspokenasafirstlanguagein________andFrenchis,too.
A.FranceB.CanadaC.BritainD.Germany
()33.Whenyouseethesign,
youcan________.
A.passB.gooutC.goinD.goby
()34.Haveyouever________theGreatGreenWall?
A.list