On Application of Conversion in EnglishChinese Translation 论转换法在英汉翻译中的应用Word文档下载推荐.docx
《On Application of Conversion in EnglishChinese Translation 论转换法在英汉翻译中的应用Word文档下载推荐.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《On Application of Conversion in EnglishChinese Translation 论转换法在英汉翻译中的应用Word文档下载推荐.docx(23页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
![On Application of Conversion in EnglishChinese Translation 论转换法在英汉翻译中的应用Word文档下载推荐.docx](https://file1.bingdoc.com/fileroot1/2023-4/30/70348a42-33c1-43b0-bbd0-534dd0876f85/70348a42-33c1-43b0-bbd0-534dd0876f851.gif)
OnApplicationofConversion
inEnglish-ChineseTranslation
DuetothegreatdifferencesbetweenEnglishandChineseingrammarandexpressionstyle,translatorsmayadopttheapproachesofchangingthewordclassesandsentencecomponentsinEnglish-Chinese(E-C)translation.Asafrequently-usedtranslationtechnique,conversionenablestranslatorstoachieveanatural,fluentandaccuratetranslationthatnotonlyconveystheoriginaltext’sinformationbutalsofitstheidiomaticusageofChinese.
Thethesisconsistsofthreechapters.ThefirstchapterexaminestheconversionofwordclassesinE-CtranslationsuchasconversionfromEnglishnounsorprepositionsintoChineseverbs.Theconversionofwordclassesusuallyresultsintheconversionofsentencecomponents,sothesecondchapterdiscussestheconversionofsentencecomponents.ThethirdchapterexplorestheapproachesofhowtoconverttheEnglishperspectivesintothecorrespondingonesconformingtoChinesecultureandthoughtpattern.
Keywords:
conversion;
wordclasses;
sentencecomponents;
perspectives;
E-Ctranslation
摘要
由于英汉两种语言在语法或表达习惯上存在巨大差异,在英汉翻译的过程中,译者往往需要改变原文的词类或句子成分。
作为英汉翻译中常用的翻译技巧,转换法可以使译文自然、流畅、准确,既传达原意又符合汉语的表达习惯。
本文共分三章。
第一章介绍了英汉翻译过程中几种常见的词性转换方法,如原文中的名词或介词转换为译文中的动词。
词性的转换通常会引起句子成分的改变,第二章分析了句子成分的转换现象。
第三章讨论了如何将英语思维视角转换为相应的符合汉语文化和思维模式的视角。
关键词:
转换法;
词类;
句子成分;
视角;
英译汉
CONTENTS
Acknowledgements…………………………………………………ii
Abstract………………………………………………………….…iii
AbstractinChinese………………………………………………iv
Introduction…………………………………………………………1
ChapterOneConversionofWordClasses…………...…………3
I.ConversionintoChineseVerbs…………………………………3
II.ConversionintoChineseNouns………………………………5
.ConversionintoChineseAdjectives…………………………6
.ConversionintoChineseAdverbs……………………………7
ChapterTwoConversionofSentenceComponents…...………..9
I.ConversionintoChineseSubjects………………………………9
II.ConversionintoChinesePredicates…………………………10
.ConversionintoChineseObjects……………………………11
.ConversionintoChineseAttributes…………………………11
.ConversionintoChineseComplements…………………12
ChapterThreeConversionofPerspectives……………………14
I.ConversionofEnglishImpersonalSubjects…………………14
II.ConversionfromtheAbstractintotheConcrete…………….17
.ConversionfromtheStativeintotheDynamic………………17
.ConversionfromthePassiveintotheActive………………18
.ConversionbetweenNegativeandAffirmative………………18
Conclusion…………..……………………………….……………20
WorksCited……………………………………………………..…21
Introduction
Intranslationwemaygothroughmanyprocedurestotranslatethetexttomakeitacceptableforthespecificcommunicativesituation.Thetranslatingprocessisexplainedasfollows:
Translationisnotthetranscodingofwordsorsentencesfromonelanguagetoanother,butacomplexformofaction,wherebysomeoneprovidesinformationonatext(sourcelanguagematerial)inanewsituationandunderchangedfunctional,culturalandlinguisticconditions,preservingformalaspectsascloselyaspossible.(Snell-Hornby82)注意引语段格式
Accordingtotheexplanation,intranslating,atranslator’staskistoconveythecontentandspiritofthesourcetextandrearrangethemintothetargettextinasmoothandlogicalwayunderthenewspecificsituationsandconditions.Additionally,weshouldrememberthat“anaturalstyleintranslatingisneverthelessessentialtoproducingintheultimatereceptorsaresponsesimilartothatoftheoriginalreceptors”(MaandMiao17).Therefore,effectivetranslationmethodsandtechniquesareundoubtedlyindispensableintranslatingactivities.注意文内引文规范。
每个文献须在文末参考书目中出现。
Conversion,asagrammaticalphenomenon,hasbeenahotsubjectinthefieldoflinguisticresearch.Sincesourcelanguageandtargetlanguagearequitedifferentinnatureanduse,andthetargettextshouldconveythemeaningofthesourcetextintheclosestnaturalmanner,conversionbecomesoneofthemosteffectivetechniquestoseekinthetargetlanguagetheequivalentinformationofthesourcelanguage.
Aclearandcorrectexpressionofthesourcetextiswhatreallymattersintranslation,foritiscrucialintranslationtoseekequivalenceincontentorinformation,butnotabsoluteformalcorrespondence.“Formostpeopletheinformativefunctionispredominantlythemajorroleoflanguage”(Hu10).Agoodtranslatorwillthereforeemployallpossiblemeanstoreproducethethoughtoftheauthorfaithfullyinanotherlanguage.“Conversionhaslongbeenacceptedasoneofthetechniquesessentialtoimprovingthequalityofourversion”(Zhong98),bywhichthemechanicaltranslationcouldbeavoided;
thereforeitenablestranslatorstoachieveanaturalandfaithfultranslationwhichnotonlyoffersinformationofthesourcetextbutalsokeepswiththeexpressionhabitsofthetargetlanguage.Inthisway,contentsofbothsourcelanguageandtargetlanguageareinaccordancewitheachother,thoughformsmaybesomewhatchanged.
Thethesisarguesthat,becauseofthegreatdifferencesbetweenEnglishandChineseingrammarandexpressionstyle,conversionbecomesafrequently-usedtranslationtechnique,whichenablestranslatorstoachieveanatural,fluentandaccuratetranslation.InadditiontoIntroductionandConclusion,thethesisconsistsofthreeparts.ThefirstchapterdiscussestheconversionofwordclassesinEnglish-Chinese(E-C)translation.Thesecondchapterfocusesontheconversionofsentencecomponents,whichisusuallycausedbytheconversionofwordclasses.ThethirdchapterexplorestheapproachesofhowtoconverttheEnglishperspectivesintothecorrespondingonesinChinese.
ChapterOne
ConversionofWordClasses
InE-Ctranslation,itisdifficulttogetanappropriatecorrespondingChinesewordforanEnglishwordofthesameclassallthetime.Ifeachwordinonelanguageisreplacedwithwordsofthesamewordclassesinanother,suchexpressionswouldsoundveryawkwardorevenunintelligibletothereader.Therefore,effectiveuseofwordclassconversioniscrucialandnecessaryinE-Ctranslation.
.ConversionintoChineseVerbs
BecauseoneofthemostremarkabledifferencesbetweenEnglishandChineseliesintheuseoftheverb,conversionintoChineseverbshasbecomethebasicconversiontechniqueusedinE-Ctranslation.
i.ConvertingEnglishNounintoChineseVerb
AsforEnglish,“itseemspossibletoexpressideaswithgreaterprecisionandadequacybymeansofnounsthanbymeansofthemorepictorialverbs”(Jespersen139).Thatistosay,“EnglishisalanguageinwhichnounsaremorewidelyusedthanthoseinChinese,whileinChineseverbsaremorefrequentlyusedandoccupyadominantposition”(Zhou391),thereforesomeEnglishnounsareoftenconvertedintoChineseverbsinthepracticaltranslation.注意文内引文规范。
Specifically,anEnglishnounwhichpossessesthepropertyofaverborwasderivedfromaverbisoftenconvertedintoaverbwhentranslatedintoChinese.Hereisanexampletoillustratethispoint.
Example1:
Theuseofbacteriologicalweaponsisaclearviolationoftheinternationallaw.
使用细菌武器显然违反国际法。
ii.ConvertingEnglishPrepositionintoChineseVerb
Itisknownthat“thereareabout286prepositionsandprepositionalphrasesinEnglish”(Lian50).PrepositionsorprepositionalphrasesaresowidelyandfrequentlyusedinEnglishthatEnglishissometimescalledprepositionallanguage.PrepositionsinEnglish,whichareveryrichandflexibleinmeaning,haveagreatpowerofexpression;
onthecontrary,theChineselanguageisverb-oriented,soitisnotwithoutreasonthatEnglishprepositionsorprepositionalphrasesareoftenconvertedintoChineseverbsorverbalphrasesinE-Ctranslation.Thereisanexamplebelow.
Example2:
Itisourgoalthatthepeopleintheundevelopedareaswillbefinallyoffpoverty.
我们的目标是使不发达地区的人民最终摆脱贫困。
iii.ConvertingEnglishAdjectiveintoChineseVerb
WhenmeetingwithsuchEnglishadjectivesthatoftenindicatethehumanpsychologyorstateofmind,suchasone’sconsciousness,emotionalactivitiesanddesires,translatorsusuallyconvertthemintoChineseverbs.Hereisanexampletoillustratethepoint.
Example3:
Advancingintothevastnessofspace,manisbecomingfullyawareofthesmallnessofhisplanet.
由于进入浩无涯际的太空,人类已充分意识到本星球的渺小。
iv.ConvertingEnglishAdverbintoChineseVerb
SomeEnglishadverbs,whichhaveanimpliedmeaningofverbs,ifnecessary,areoftenconvertedintoChineseverbs.Thefollowingexampleillustratesthispoint.
Example4:
TheyfoundMr.Bennettstillup.
他们发现班纳特先生还没有睡觉。
v.ConvertingEnglishGerundintoChineseVerb
Gerund,alsocalledasaverbalnoun,oftenservesfunctionallyasanounbutretainssomepropertiesofaverbintheoriginaltext.However,thereisnosuchlinguisticformof-inginChinese,soEnglishgerundsaregenerallyconvertedintoChineseverbsinE-Ctranslation.Hereisanexample.
Example5: