推荐中考英语专题讲练 细节题及解析答案docx.docx

推荐中考英语专题讲练 细节题及解析答案docx.docx

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推荐中考英语专题讲练细节题及解析答案docx

细节题

知识精讲

阅读理解是中考的必考题型，因为它能全面快速地反映出学生的英语水平。

阅读理解题型有很多种，但从命题角度来看，通常可以分为四种即：

细节题、推断题、猜词题和主旨题。

一、细节题简介

考察学生对于阅读材料具体事实或细节的理解能力。

二、细节题提问方式

1.以who,what,which,when,where,how,why等特殊疑问词开头；

2.以accordingto…开头的提问方式；

3.以true,nottrue,except等为标记词的提问方式；

4.以填空形式出现的提问方式。

三、细节题分类

1.直接信息题：

直接从文中找到正确答案；

2.间接信息题：

对文章信息进行简单推理加工，判断，排除和比较等；

3.综合分析题：

综合判定分散的信息。

四、解题技巧

1.寻找题干关键词

关键词法：

名词，形容词，副词，数词，大写字母。

2.定位原文线索句

回归原文，确定相关细节，事实等相关信息。

3.甄别最佳选项

分析对比细节，排除干扰选项，最后确定答案。

五、常见考点位置剖析

主题句：

段首---演绎性

文中---句意隐含

段尾---结论

1.首末段，首末句：

寻找主题句（topicsentence）

2.转折处，转折词前后：

作者的真实观点或事实。

表转折的标记词：

but,however,yet,though,although,instead,etc.

3.对比处，对比法：

说明新老观点，正误观念和新旧事物等。

表对比的标记词：

while,comparewith,compareto,bycontrast,onthecontrary,etc.

4.举例处：

说明事实或观点。

表列举的标记词：

forexample,forinstance,suchas,etc.

5.因果处：

通过原因推结果，给出结果找原因。

表结果标记词：

so,thus,therefore,asaresult,etc.

表原因标记词：

because（of）,since,for,as,thereason,etc.

六、干扰项的特点与概括

1.正误并存：

信息部分正确，部分错误；

2.扩大（缩小）范围：

是原文信息，但故意增加或减少细节；

3.偷换概念：

符合常识，但不是文章的内容；

4.以偏概全：

与原句的内容极为相似，但在程度、态度、褒贬色彩上有变动；

5.无中生有：

明显不是文章的信息，与文中事实相反或不符；

6.答非所问：

是原文信息，但不是题干要求的内容。

三点剖析

一、考点：

由北京的中考真题来分析得出，四篇阅读当中，细节题的考查仍然占有很大比例。

强调广大考生对于文章内容有一个比较精细的把握，并对原文的意思进行理解，再与选项进行比对，才能选出正确答案。

抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。

二、重难点：

1.若针对特殊标点符号，举例子，名人名言出题，只需要阅读符号，例子，名言前后的内容，然后与选项核对。

2.在出现一些关键词，如however,but,therefore,thus时，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折，递进，因果等关系。

3.细节题的答案一般是同义替换项或者同义转换项。

4.选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是正确答案。

如：

must,never,themost,all,only,haveto,no,completely,none等。

但不是绝对，也有例外。

5.注意选项中的副词，形容词和介词短语等与原文是否一致。

如：

must,may,often,should,usually,most,moreorless,likely,all,never,few等存在程度不同，经常被偷换，往往被忽视。

三、易错点：

有时命题者故弄玄虚，在选项中加些夸大其词的说法，把“大约”说成“绝对，肯定”（要留意选项中诸如all,absolutely,only,never,completely,definitely等词），把抽象说成具体，或者把人名，地名，时间等张冠李戴，误串起来，从而构成‘形是实非’的干扰项。

题模精选

题模一：

直接信息题

例1.1.1AfterthatBilly’smotherbegantalkingtohim,describing_things_she_saw.Shetoldhimwhatshewascooking,orwhatshesawoutsidethewindow.She_described_everything_to_him.

1.HowdidBilly’smotherhelphim?

A．Byteachinghimhowtodraw.

B．Byaskingteachersforadvice.

C．Bydescribingeverythingtohim.

D．Bysendinghimtohisdreamschool.

例1.1.2Billylovescomputerscience.Hebegan_teaching_himself_computer_programming_when_he_was_just_seven_years_old.…

2.WhendidBillybeginteachinghimselfcomputerprogramming?

A．Whenhewas7yearsold.

B．WhenhewasinGrade5.

C．Whenhewasinhighschool

D．Whenhewasatuniversity.

例1.1.3

1.Ifyouareinterestedingroupclassesinart,youcancall_________.

A．650-968-5957

B．650-903-0986

C．650-403-3575

D．650-720-1677

题模二：

间接信息题

例1.2.1Theyneedtoknowtheirparentsaretheretogivethemneededloveandsupport（支持）.Teenswanttobesurethatnothingcanpreventparentsfromshoulderingtheirresponsibilityforthem—nottheirgrowingmaturity（成熟）,misbehavior,norangeratsomethingtheyhavedone.Teens_want_parents_to_keep_control_while_allowing_them_to_make_some_decisions.

1.According_toParagraph1,teens_________.

A．cancontrolthemselves

B．expectdirectionandfreedom

C．don’tknowhowtomakedecisions

D．don’thaveresponsibilityforthefamily

题模三：

综合分析题

例1.3.1David_Crystal…arguesthatNetspeakandInternetcreateanewlanguageuseandthealmostlostartofdiarywritinghasbeenpickedupagain.

…Geoffrey_Nunberg…“Peoplegetbetteratwritingbywriting,”hesays.“Kidswhoarenowdoingtextmessaging,e-mail,andinstantmessageswillwriteatleastaswellas,andpossiblybetterthan,theirparents.

…Milroyarguesthatlanguagesdonotandcannotbecome“corrupted”;theysimplychangetomeetthenewneeds.

…Cynthia_McVeysays,“IcanunderstandNetspeakworriesteachersandit’simportantthattheygetacrosstotheirpupilsthattextmessagingisforfun,butthatlearningtowriteproperEnglishisamustfortheirfuture.”

1.Which_of_the_following_is_trueaccordingtothepassage?

A．CynthiaMcVeypointsoutteenagerscandealwithNetspeakproperly.

B．GeoffreyNunbergbelievesNetspeakerscanwriteStandardEnglish.

C．DavidCrystalthinksNetspeakhelpsdevelopthehabitofwriting.

D．JamesMilroysaysthatlanguageischangingandimproving.

例1.3.2Isthebelieftrue?

The_scientists_in_Asia_largely_dismissthebeliefasamodern-daysuperstition（迷信）.

Theblood-typepersonalitytheory（理论）startedin_Japan_in_1927whenFurukawaTakehinoticedpersonality_similarities_and_differences_among_his_workers.

1.Which_of_the_following_is_trueaccordingtothepassage?

A．MostscientistsinAsiadon’tbelieveinthetheory.

B．Theblood-typetheorybeganinJapaninthe1970s.

C．Theblood-typepersonalitytheoryisaboutbloodtype.

D．Peopledon’tchangetheirpersonalitytomatchthetheory.

随堂练习

随练1.1FreeApps（应用软件）forLearningEnglish

SpeakingPal

SpeakingEnglishisimportant.SpeakingPalisoneofthebestAppsforEnglishlearnerstopracticespeaking.Itallowsuserstochat（聊天）withthousandsofnative（本国的）Englishspeakers.Inshort,LearnEnglish,SpeakEnglish.

SpellChecker

SpeakingEnglishiseasy,butwritingitisoftenmuchmoredifficult.Ifyoustarttolearnit,Ibetthatyouwouldgetalotofwordsmisspelled.Ifyoudon’twantthistohappen,wesuggestthatyoushouldtryitandcorrectyourEnglishspellingeasily

LearnEnglishVideo

InLearnEnglishVideo,you'llfind2thousandbestvideosofferedontopicssuchasUKfoodandculture,everydaylifeandfamousstoriesandpoems.ItcanimproveyourEnglishlisteningskillsquickly.

Koboreading

Thefreetop-popularKoboReadingAppgivesyourighttoKobo’seBookstorewith4millioneBooksandmagazines.Joinmillionsofreadersworldwideandreadconvenientlyonyourmobilephoneorcomputer.

1.InSpeakingPal,youcanchatwith_________.

A．nativeEnglishspeakers

B．personalcomputers

C．happyreaders

D．newsmartphones

2.Ifwritingisdifficultforyou,you’dbetteruse_________.

A．SpeakingPal

B．SpellChecker

C．LearnEnglishVideo

D．KoboReading

3.LearnEnglishVideocanimproveyour_________.

A．speakingskills

B．writingskills

C．listeningskills

D．readingskills

4.HowmanyeBooksandmagazinescanyoureadinKobo’seBookstore?

A．2thousand.

B．4thousand

C．2million.

D．4million.

随练1.2DrinkingteaisanimportantpartinChineseculture.itisseentheinternationaldrinkinchina.ThemostcommontypesofChineseteaareasfollows.

Greenteaistheoldestandmostpopular.Ithasapalecolorandasharpflavor（口味）.ItisproducedmainlyinAnhuiandZhejiang.ThemostpopularisLongjingteanearwestlake,Hangzhou.

Redtea（blacktea）isthesecondmostpopulartypeofChinesetea.Itcanhelptreatstomachaches.DianbongandYixingarepopularsortsofredtea.

Wulongtea,alsoknownasbluetea,hastheadvantageofgreenandredteas.Ithasagentleflavorandcanhelppeopleloseweight.TieKuanyinTeainAnhuiandDongdingWulongTeainTaiwanaretwowell-knowntypesofit.

ScentedTea（花茶）iscreatedbymixingtealeaveswithflowers.Itisknownbyitsstrongfragrance（芳香）,anditcanhelppeoplefeelcomfortableafterdrinking.Jasmine（茉莉）teaisthemostpopularofthiskind.

TypesofTeaDrinking

Doyouknowhowtodrinkteainarightway?

Herearesometips.

•Drinkithot.

•Don’tdrinktoomuchstrongtea.

•Thebesttimetodrinkteaisbetweenmeals.

•Drinkteaacoupleofhoursaftertakingmedicine.

•Greenteaisthebestchoiceforofficeworkers.

1._________istheoldestandmostpopularteainChina.

A．Wulongtea

B．Scentedtea

C．Redtea

D．Greentea

2.RedTeacan_________.

A．helppeopleloseweight

B．helppeoplefeellucky

C．helptreatstomachaches

D．helppeoplesleepwell

3.DongdingWulongTeaisproducedin_________.

A．Taiwan

B．Yixing

C．Anhui

D．Hangzhou

4.Therightwaytodrinkteais_________.

A．todrinkitcold.

B．todrinkbetweenmeals

C．todrinkmuchstrongtea

D．todrinkwithmedicine

随练1.3Spam（垃圾邮件）mailisafactofInternetlife.Someofitcarriesbadthings,butthemainproblemwithspamisthatitisunpleasantbecauseitfillsyourmailboxwithpointlessmessages.

Mostemailprogramshavebuilt-infilters（过滤器）thatwilldiscoverunwantedmessagesandputthemintoajunkfolder（垃圾文件夹）.Youcanmakethefilterlearnwhatyouconsidertobespamorblockcertainsenders.

Avoidlettingyouremailaddressappearonwebsites—spammerssearchtheInternetforemailaddresses.Becarefulwhoyougiveyouremailaddressto,andifyouneedtosendoutseveralcopiesofanemail,useblindcopyinsteadtocovertheotherpeople’saddresses.

Delete（删除）spamemailswithoutopeningthem.Signsofpossiblespamarebadspellinginemailheaders,strangesenderaddresses,oremailssentatunusualhours.Ifyoudoopenaspammail,neverreplytoitorclickonanypicturesitmayhave.

Ifyoureceiveanunexpectedemailpretending（伪装）tocomefromyourbank,creditcardcompanyorothersuppliers,beverycareful.Iftheemailasksyoutoreply,don’tdoit!

Instead,calluptheseplacesorvisittheirwebsites.

Considersettingupasecondemailaddressandkeeponeaddressforyourpersonaluseandanotherforyouronlinecommunication.

1.Whatisthemainproblemwithspam?

A．It’severywhere.

B．Itcarriesbadthings.

C．It’sunpleasant.

D．Itfillsone’smailbox.

2.Howmanysuggestionsarethereinthepassage?

A．Three.

B．Four.

C．Five.

D．Six.

3.Whatshouldyoudoifyoureceiveaspamemail?

A．Replytoitquickly.

B．Deleteitatonce.

C．Clickitspictures.

D．Visititswebsite.

随练1.4GrowingPlan

Drew,Emilio,andMichisatatapicnictableintheCityParkinOklahoma.Theydidn’tcareaboutthesoundsaroundthem.Theyjustfocusedonthetasktheyhadplannedtocomplete.

TheywantedtostartaschoolgardenatJeffersonMiddleSchool.Atf