高考英语黄冈经典 全国通用版课时提升作业 313 选修7 UnitWord版含答案Word格式.docx

高考英语黄冈经典 全国通用版课时提升作业 313 选修7 UnitWord版含答案Word格式.docx

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Thenewmapistwiceasdetailedasthemapmade20yearsago.DavidSandwellisageophysicsprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia.Heandotherscientistsworkedonthemappingproject.Hesaystheyturnedtospacetolookdeeperintotheocean.

Thescientistscollectedandstudiedinformationfromtwosatellites.SomeofthedatacamefromtheEuropeanSpaceAgency’sCryo-2satellite.ItwasplacedinEarth’sorbittowatchseaice.TheothersatelliteistheAmericanspaceagency’sJason-1.Itisstudyingthesurfaceoftheoceans.Scientistscombinedthesatellitedatawithimagesgatheredbysonar（声呐）equipmentonships.Sonarworksbysendingsoundwavesthroughthewater.Whenthesoundwaveshitanobject,itspresenceisconfirmed.

Thenewmapshowstheseafloorasithasneverbeenseenbefore.Itshowsthousandsofunderwatermountainsandplaceswherecontinentspulledapart.Itshowswhereearthquakeswereactivemanyyearsago.Theyallareburieddeepunderneaththeoceanfloor.

DavidSandwellsaysthemapisapowerfultoolforfisheries,thoseinterestedinprotectingtheenvironmentandforoilexploration.

“Thepetrolexplorationindustryisinterestedinhowtoreconnectthecontinents,bringthembacktogethertectonicallysoyoucanmapthebasinsononecontinentaledge—say,Africa—andusethattoestablishwherethesimilarbasinwouldbeontheothercontinentaledgeinSouthAmerica.”

Ifscientistsknowthatinformation,theymaybeabletofindoilfields.Thenewdataalsowillhelpscientistsimprovetheirestimatesofoceandepths.Thisinformationcanhelpshipstravelsafelyandimprovemilitaryoperationsandscientificprojectsworldwide.

MrSandwellthinksscientistswillmakemanymorediscoveriesastheyexaminethenewmapandtheinformationitprovides.

【文章大意】这是一篇介绍关于新的海洋洋流地图的科普类文章。

这个地图不仅能提供详细的大洋的图片而且还可以看到大洋底部的状况,我们通过这个地图可以判断多年前发生在海洋底部的大地震。

1.WhichoneisNotmentionedaboutthebenefitsbroughtbythenewmap?

A.Fisheries.

B.Scientificprojects.

C.Shipmanufacture.

D.Oilexploration.

【解析】选C。

细节理解题。

根据第五段中的“...themapisapowerfultoolforfisheries,thoseinterestedinprotectingtheenvironmentandforoilexploration.”可知,新式地图的编制有利于渔业,环境科学研究以及油气勘探等方面,但并没提到造船业。

2.Whatcanweknowaboutthenewmap?

A.Itshowswhereearthquakeswillhappen.

B.Itwillbehelpfultoindustryandgovernments.

C.Itisthreetimesasdetailedastheoldoneyearsago.

D.Itshowstheseafloorasithaseverbeenseenbefore.

【解析】选B。

根据第一段中的“Themapisexpectedtohelpoceanographers,industryandgovernments.”可知,新式地图有利于海洋学家,工业及政府。

3.Thetextislikelytoappearin________. 

A.anewspaper

B.anadvertisement

C.asciencemagazine

D.afinancereport

推理判断题。

纵观全文,主要讲述了新式地图给海洋科学,工业科学,石油勘探等方面带来的有利之处。

故可以推测该文来源于科技杂志。

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Thedetailedpictureoftheoceans

B.Underwatermountainsandplaces

C.Morediscoveriesabouttheoceans

D.Scientistscreatenewmapsofoceanfloor

【解析】选D。

主旨大意题。

根据第一段中的“Scientistshaveproducedanewmapthatprovidesadetailedpictureoftheoceans.Themapisexpectedtohelpoceanographers,industryandgovernments.”以及下文对新式地图绘制过程及在各领域方面的运用可知,本文主要介绍了科学家绘制的新式海底地图。

【知识拓展】形形色色的细节理解题

　　文章细节的理解可以细化为:

（1）一一对应型。

答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合,一一对应,一目了然。

属于浅层次的阅读试题,分数比例较少。

（2）语言转述型。

这是一类间接事实细节题,答案与题目在意义上运用了词义之间的转述关系,即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。

属于中档难度题,分数比例较大。

（3）语意理解型。

这是一类深层事实细节理解题,答案与题目之间存在一定的逻辑联系,这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合,才能得出正确答案。

属于较高难度的事实细节题。

（4）是非辨别型。

这是一类综合事实细节题,出题形式常常是“三正一误”（三项正确,一项不符合原文内容）或者是“三误一正”（三项错误,只有一项符合原文内容）。

（5）事实排序型。

这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题,要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系,找出事件发生,发展的正确顺序。

例如:

本篇阅读的第1小题:

此题属于细节理解中的

（1）一一对应型。

答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合。

B

The“swim-with-dolphins”touristindustryisbecomingmorepopulareveryyearwiththeincreaseofpeople’sincome.Afterall,itcancostalargeamountofmoneytohavethiskindofholidayexperience.Sotouroperatorstrytoplaceeagerswimmersasnearaspossibletothedolphinsbytryingtopredictwherethedolphinswillbe.

Researchhasshownthatwhiledolphinscanmoveawayiftheydonotwanttointeract（交流）withhumanswimmers,theydonotlikeitatalliftheswimmersslipintothewaterdirectlyontopofthemorifhumansareintheirpathoftravel.However,ifswimmersenterthewatertoonesideofthem,thedolphinsdonotavoidtheswimmerstothesameextent.

Inallcases,thedolphinsseemtohavebecomemoresensitivetothepresenceoftheswimmers.Fordolphins,swimmingamongstorwithhumansisnotnecessarilyahighpriority.Thisresearchhasshownthatonly19%ofanygroupofdolphinswillparticipateininteraction.Youngdolphinsarethemostlikelytointeract;

theydoseemcuriousaboutbeingwithhumans.Itisbelievedthattheyseehumansas“entertainment”andthattheinteractionisanewandunusualexperienceforthem.

Itisfrequentlyaskedwhether“swim-with-dolphins”tourismshouldbediscontinued.Theadviceisthatdolphinsshouldbegivenenoughperiodsoftimethroughoutthedaywhentheyarenotexposedtotourism.Permittedinteractionsshouldnotbetoodisturbingtothedolphinssincetherecouldbemothersandcalves（幼崽）presentindolphingroups.Thereshouldalsobeeducationalcampaignsaboutthecreaturesandwhatislikelytocausedangertothem.

Itisnoteasytoexplaintosomeonethathe/shecannotfulfillhis/herlifelongdreamsbecausethedolphinsareresting,orthatamotherdolphinandcalfareinthearea.Butifwearetoenjoytheseremarkableanimalsandnotjustusethemforourentertainment,thenwemustcarefullymonitorthe“swim-with-dolphins”industryworldwide.

【文章大意】作者对于和“海豚一起游泳”这个越来越受欢迎的旅游产业提出自己的看法:

不要把它们当作娱乐消遣的工具。

5.Whatmakes“swim-with-dolphins”tourismpopular?

A.Thelocalgovernment’sencouragement.

B.Theimprovementofpeople’slivingstandard.

C.Theincreasingnumberoftourists.

D.Thehighprofitsoftheindustry.

根据第一段The“swim-with-dolphins”touristindustryisbecomingmorepopulareveryyearwiththeincreaseofpeople’sincome.来判断,人们的收入增加了,和海豚一起游泳的多了。

所以选B。

6.Whyareyoungdolphinsmorelikelytoswimwithhumans?

A.Theydothisoutofcuriosity.

B.Theylikehumansbetter.

C.Theyarelesssensitive.

D.Theyprefernewthingsbynature.

【解析】选A。

根据第三段theydoseemcuriousaboutbeingwithhumans.可知,它们和人一起游泳是出于好奇。

7.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestthe“swim-with-dolphins”industrydoinginParagraph4?

A.Makepeopleknowthehiddenthreattodolphins.

B.Strictlylimittheexpansionoftheindustry.

C.Avoidinteractionwithyoungdolphins.

D.Exposedolphinstotouristsonlyinthedaytime.

根据第四段,允许的和海豚的互动不应该太打扰海豚,因为里面可能有海豚妈妈和海豚幼崽。

人们和它们一起可能会惊吓小海豚。

8.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoward“swim-with-dolphins”?

A.Negative.　　B.Cautious.

C.Supportive.D.Optimistic.

通过最后一句“如果我们真喜欢海豚这种非凡的动物而不是把它们作为我们娱乐的工具,那么我们必须小心谨慎地监督这个产业。

故选B。

【加固训练】

Theanswertoprotectingandsavingmarine（海洋）wildlifecanstartwithcuttingbackonsomethingAmericansuseeveryday—plasticdrinkingstraws（吸管）.ActorAdrienGrenier,bestknownforplayingVincentChasein2015movieEntourage,haslaunchedacampaigntoreducetheamountofsingle-useplasticusageinthiscountryinordertoprotectandsavemarinewildlifeandtheenvironment.Plasticdrinkingstrawsareamongmanysingle-useplasticproductscontributingtotheshockinglossofmarinelife,buttheyareagreatplacetostartbecausethey’resomethingAmericansareusingbythehundredsofmillionswithoutanyawarenessthatthey’resodamaging.AccordingtoEcocycle,aninternationalenvironmentalorganization,Americansusemorethan500millionstrawsdaily,whichareenoughtofill127schoolbuseseachday,andtheycan’tberecycled.Thatmeansplasticstrawsendupinlandfillsoroceans,wherefishandothermarinewildlifemistakethesmallbitsforfoodandswallowthem.Afterseeingaphotoofawhalebeachedontheshorewithabellyfullofplastic,GrenierfelttheinspirationtolaunchtheLonelyWhaleFoundation,hopingtoinspireandeducateothersonthechallengesfacingmarinelife.

Alongwithstoppingtheuseofstraws,Grenierhopestoeducateconsumersonthedangersofothersingle-useplasticitemssuchasgrocerybagsandwaterbottles.WhilemanyAmericansusetheseplasticproductsintheirdailylife,therearemoresustainablealternativesthatcanhelpprotecttheenvironment.Ecocyclerecommendstheuseofstrawsmadefromstainlesssteel,glass,andevenbambooinsteadofplastic.Youcanbuyanumberoftheseenvironmentallyfriendlystrawsonlineandinstores.

【文章大意】本文主要讲述了人们日常生活中大量使用塑料制产品如塑料吸管会对海洋生物造成生命危险,而演员Grenier发起成立了“孤独的鲸基金会”呼吁人们保护海洋生物,减少塑料使用量。

1.WhatinitiallycontributedtothestartofGrenier’scampaign?

A.Plasticstrawsinlandfills.

B.Apictureofadeadwhale.

C.Theseveredamagedonetothesea.

D.Thedisappearanceofsomespeciesunderthesea.

根据第一段最后一句Afterseeingaphotoofawhalebeachedontheshorewithabellyfullofplastic,GrenierfelttheinspirationtolaunchtheLonelyWhaleFoundation,hopingtoinspireandeducateothersonthechallengesfacingmarinelife.可知,Grenier是看到一只肚子里全是塑料并搁浅在岸的鲸鱼的照片后,才受到激励发起的基金会,故选B。

2.Whatistheprimarypurpo