高考英语非谓语动词考点及易错点讲解.docx

高考英语非谓语动词考点及易错点讲解.docx

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高考英语非谓语动词考点及易错点讲解

高考英语非谓语动词考点及易错点讲解

一、考点分析

一）．非谓语题的解题总方法与思路：

1.先看四个答案：

如果四个答案分别为动词原形、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等情况，那么这个题多半是非谓语动词题。

2.看符号：

中间有个逗号，末尾有个句号（有时中间没有逗号）；

3.看有没有连接词（引导词）。

如果用逗号隔开的两个部分都没有连接词的话，一部分是句子时，那么另一部分就一定是非句子，而非句子里的动词就是非谓语动词。

4.定语态：

如果本句的主语（或动词自带的逻辑主语）与它是逻辑上的主谓关系，那么答案一般用Ving形式；如果本句的主语（或动词自带的逻辑主语）与它是逻辑上的动宾关系（被动关系），那么答案一般用Ved形式。

5.定时态：

如果非谓语的动作比谓语先（或先很久）发生，那么非谓语动词要用完成式（tohavedone/tohavebeendone/havingdone/Havingbeendone），否则我们要用非谓语的一般式（todo/tobedone/doing/beingdone/done）。

Eg.1._________foranhourbyhisteacher,theboyfeltdepressed.

A.BeingscoldedB.HavingbeenscoldedC.TobescoldedD.Scolding

2.________（enter）theroom,heturnedonthelight.

A.EnteringB.EnteredC.BeingenteredD.Toenter

二、专题精讲

知识点1：

非谓语动词可能出现的考查点及易错点：

一）．使用非谓动词的语言结构。

v在“句子,and/or/but+句子”的并列句结构中，可能会考查“以动词原形开头”的祈使句，四个答案表面上象非谓语，其实考查的是谓语。

1.______hardandyouwillsucceedintheexam.

2.______hardoryouwillfailintheexam.

A.StudyB.TostudyC.StudyingD.Studied

3._____hard,youwillsucceedintheexam.

A.StudyB.TostudyC.StudyingD.Studied

4.-Englishishardtolearn,isn'tit?

-Idon'tthinkso.________morewordsandexpressions,andyouwillfinditeasiertoreadandcommunicate.

A.KnowingB.KnowC.ToknowD.Known

v在“句子，非句子”结构中，非句子部分用非谓语：

1.Theteacherdevotedhislifetohiscareer,______mostofhisstudentssuccessfulinstudy.

A.makeB.tomakeC.makingD.made

2.______inCanadarose1.0percentinthethirdquarterof2012,followinga0.1percentincreaseintheprevious

quarter.

A.TouristspendB.TouristspentC.TouristspendingD.Touristspends

3.AstrongearthquakehitNewZealandSouthIslandcityofChristchurch,_______widespreaddestructioninthe

citycenter.

A.causedB.tocauseC.causingD.tohavecaused

4.TheSwedishacademyannouncedinStockholmonOctober11thatMoYanwouldreceive

the2012NobelPrizeforliterature,________himthefirstChinesenationaltowintheaward.

A.makingB.tomakeC.havingmadeD.made

5.Overtime,overuseofantibiotics（抗生素）leadstobacteriathatareresistanttothedrugs,_____themallthehardertokill.

A.makeB.tomakeC.madeD.making

6.________animportantpositioninabigcompany,Richardhasagoodchancetoimprovehimself.

A.OfferedB.OfferingC.HavingofferedD.Tooffer

7.Don’tspendtimebeatingonawall,_____tochangeitintoadoor.

A.hopeB.hopingC.hopedD.tohope

v在“非句子，句子”结构中，非句子部分用非谓语：

1._________withchildren,Iknowwhatisneededmost.

A.WorkingB.HavingworkedC.WorkedD.Towork

2.__________foryears,thehousedesignedbyanItalianarchitectfinallycollapsed.

A.HavingneglectedB.BeingneglectedC.TobeneglectedD.Havingbeenneglected

3.Thedisc,digitally_______inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.

A.recordingB.toberecorded　C.havingrecordedD.Recorded

4.Conveniently_______indowntown,thehotelisquitepopularwithvisitorstothecity.

A.locatingB.tolocateC.beinglocatedD.located

5.Though______oftakingtoomanyrisks,theclimbercontinuedhischallenge.

A.wasaccusedB.accusingC.accusedD.tobeaccused

6.________byTaobao4yearsago,themassivepromotioncampaignonNov.11,Singles'day,hasseenthefiercestcompetitionamongChineseonlineretailers.

A.HavinginitiatedB.BeinginitiatedC.InitiatingD.Initiated

7.________hisownbossforsuchalongtime,hefoundithardtoacceptordersfromanother.

A.BeingB.TobeC.HavingbeenD.Been

8.Though_______ofdanger,sightseershavebeenflockingtothesitewheretheworld’sbiggestterroristBinLaden

lived.

A.warnedB.warningC.beingwarnedD.havingwarned

9..When________toseehisbadly-injuredfriendinhospital,healmostwentthrougharedlight.

A.driveB.drivingC.drivenD.havingdriven

10..________withanimals,Piknowshowtokeepthemunderorder.

A.GrowingupB.TohavegrownupC.HavinggrownupD.Togrowup

v在“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语可能用非谓语动词：

1.Withherbaby_______onherback,thewomanwascleaningtherichman’shouse.

A.sleepB.sleptC.tosleepD.sleeping

2.Withhishair_______likearoleinthefilm,theboyfeltverycool.

A.cutB.tobecutC.cuttingD.tocut

v在drive/leave/keep/make/have/let/get/find/hear…等使让动词或感观动词后面作宾语补足语时，也可能用非谓语动词。

1.Hemadehissister______bytakingawayhertoy.

2.Hissisterwasmade_______byhistakingawayhertoy.

A.cryB.tocryC.cryingD.cried

3.thepolicemanfoundthethief______hishandintoanoldman’spocketandarrestedhim.

A.putB.puttingC.toputD.beingput

4.Wehavefoundouttheoldinthevillage________.

A.requirescaringforB.requiretakingcareof

C.requirebeingtakencareofD.requirestocarefor

5.Ihopetoachievethisobjectivebycallingonthesmokers__________goodjudgmentandshowconcernfor

othersratherthanbyregulation.

A.tousingB.usingC.useD.touse

6.I’dliketoseeyourproblem_________beforetheendofthisterm.

A.solveB.solvedC.tosolveD.tobesolved

7.Don’tletthesadnessofyourpastandthefearofyourfuture_____thehappinessofyourpresent.

A.ruinB.toruinC.ruiningD.ruined

8..Alwaysremembertogeteverybitofcriticism________betweentwothicklayersofpraise.

A.sandwichingB.beingsandwichedC.havingbeensandwichedD.sandwiched

练习：

非谓语动词考点易错点：

v1）表面上考分词，实际上考形容词的情况：

1.__________,hefellasleepquickly.

A.TireB.TiringC.TiredD.Totire

2.Themanwonabigprize,__________and________.

A.surprised;happyB.surprising;happy

C.surprised;pleasantD.surprising;pleased

3._______inthoughtoftheproblems,themandidn’trealizehisgirlfriend’scomingin.

A.LosingB.LostC.ToloseD.Havinglost

4.Thestudents________inartcansignintheformandbeamemberofourschool.

A.interestB.interestingC.interestedD.Tointerest

5.Thestudents,_________atthewaythequestionswereput,didn'tknowtheanswerstothem.

A.theybeingsurprisedB.surprisedC.theirbeingsurprisedD.thensurprised

v2）在“被动形式表主动”情况中出题：

1.__________awhiteskirt,thegirllookslikeaangel.

A.WoreB.wearC.dressedinD.dressing

2._______inaarmchair,heisalwayssurfingonline,eatingfishandchips.

A.SitB.SatC.SeatingD.Seated

v3）在“主动形式表被动”的情况中出题：

1.________tiredandweak,thewomanshouldhaveadayofftoseeadoctor.

A.LookB.LookingC.LookedD.Looking

2.Withmanyproblems________________,thenewlyselectedpresidentwillhaveahardtime.

A.remain;unsettledB.remaining;unsettled

C.remained;unsettlingD.remained;unsettling

3.Havingsomeclothes___________,Icannotjoinyoutoseethefilm.

A.towashB.tobewashedC.washedD.washing

4._________smooth,thiskindofpensellswellinourschool.

A.TowriteB.WritingC.beingwrittenD.Written

v4）从“主语一致或主语不一致”角度出题：

逗号分开的前后两部分有时逻辑主语一致，有时逻辑主语不一致。

逻辑主语不一致时，非谓语动词一般要自带逻辑主语，这种现象叫做“分词的独立主格结构。

”

1._________fromthisangle,themountainlookslikeafaceofaman.

A.ToseeB.SeeingC.SeenD.Saw

2._______,I'llgotherewithyoutomorrowafternoon.

A.TimepermitsB.IftimepermittingC.TimepermittingD.Time'spermitting

5）有些分词有时可作分词有时又可作形容词。

1._________enemy,LiuHunanwasverybrave.

2._________withdifficulties,weshouldnotgivein.

A.TofaceB.FacedC.FacingD.Face

3.ThepresidentofSouthAfricafliedtoLibya,______tohelpsolvethecrisis.

4.ThepresidentofSouthAfricafliedtoLibya,______athelpingsolvethecrisis.

A.aimB.aimingC.aimedD.toaim

5.Though_______money,hisparentssenthimtoakeyuniversity.

6.Though_______inmoney,hisparentssenthimtoakeyuniversity.

7.Thoughin_____ofmoney,hisparentssenthimtoakeyuniversity.

A.lackB.lackingC.lackedD.tolack

6）作结果状语时，doing与（only）todo的区别。

表示结果状语时，现在分词（v+ing）表示意料之中的结果；而不定式（todo/onlytodo）表示意料之外的结果：

1.Hisparentswerekilledintheaccident,（thus）_______himanorphan.

A.leaveB.leavingC.leftD.toleave

2.Ihurriedtoschool,only_______thatitwasSunday.

A.findB.findingC.foundD.tofind

7）作主语时，非谓语动词之todo与doing的区别。

1._________isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.

A.ThewalkB.WalkingC.TowalkD.Walk

2.ormanyparents,_______abalanceoftheInternetmediaandschoolworkfortheirchildrenhasbeenabigissue.

A.havingkeptB.keepingC.keptD.beingkept

3.Itcanneverbedeniedthat______withabigfamilyresultsinhisquittingschool.

A.havingburdenedB.beingburdenedC.toburdenD.Burdening

8）演变成了介词或连词的分词。

英语中有些词表面上看是分词，但实际上已经变成了介词，因此应该用ing形式还是分词ed形式已经变得约定俗成了。

这时往往不适用非谓动词规则，而是看英美人士的习惯。

1.___________herage，shelooksquiteyoung．

A．ConsiderB.ConsideredC.ToconsiderD.Considering

2.Hewasn’taskedtotakeonthechairmanshipofthesociety,___insufficientlypopularwithallmembers.

A.beingconsideredB.consideringC.tobeconsideredD.havingconsidered

高中阶段我们还学过的有:

介词

concerning

regarding

accordingto

including

owingto

关于

关于

根据；按照

包括

因为；由于

连词

given

supposing

seeing（that）

imaging

providing/provided

鉴于

假如

因为；既然

假如

假如

9）有些非谓语动词是省略而来的，有些则不是。

1.______byhermother,thegirlburstintotears.

A.BescoldedB.ScoldedC.ScoldingD.Toscold

2.____________thetombfor5years,heisnowcalledanexpertmoreorless.

A.StudyingB.HavingstudiedC.HavingbeenstudiedD.Tostudy

10）“连词+分词”和“介词+动名词”的区别。

1.if_________anotherhour,Iwouldhavefinisheditbetter.（give的恰当形式填空）。

2.While_________homework,theboylikeslisteningtolightmusic.（do的恰当形式填空）

3.After__________,hefoundajobasasecretaryinacompany.（graduate的恰当形