人教版 八年级 下册Unit 2.docx
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人教版八年级下册Unit2
Unit2I’llhelptocleanthecityparks
一.高频单词
volunterv.义务做;自愿做n.志愿者
signn.标志;信号
noticen.通知;通告;注意
v.注意到;意识到
lonelyadj.孤独的;寂寞的
severalpron.几个;数个;一些
strongadj.强烈的;强壮的
satisfactionn.满足;满意
repairv.修理;修补
disabledadj.丧失能力的;有残疾的
difficultyn.困难;难题
excitedadj.激动的;兴奋的
deafadj.聋的
understandv.理解;领会
imaginev.想象;设想
二.高频短语
1.cleanup打扫干净2.cheerup(使)变得更高兴;振奋起来
3.giveout分发4.usedto曾经......;过去........
5.giveaway赠送;捐赠6.setup建立;设立
7.makeadifference有作为eupwith想出
9.putoff推迟10.putup张贴
11.callup打电话给12.helpout帮助.....摆脱困难
13.carefor照顾;照看14.giveup放弃
15.tryoutfor参加选拔etrue实现
17.runoutof用光18.takeafter与.....相像
19.fixup修理20.besimiliarto与......相似
1.needtodosth需要做某事2.makeplantodosth制定计划做某事
3.asksb(not)todosth要求某人(不要)做某事
4.usedtodosth过去常常做某事5.decidetodosth决定做某事
6.helpsb(to)dosth帮助某人做某事7.makeadifferenceto对......产生影响
8.makeitpossibleforsbtodosth使得做某事对某人来说是可能的
三.词义辨析
1.1alone/lonely辨析:
alone=byoneselfadj.单独的,指无人陪伴的客观事实,不带感情色彩。
Heoftenwalksalonetohome.
lonely①指人孤独的,寂寞的,强调主观感受;②也可指某个地方是荒凉的
2.usedto/beusedtodoing/beusedtodo
usedtodo:
过去常常做某事,意思为现在不做了
beusedtosth/doingsth:
习惯于做某事,to在这为介词
beusedtodosth:
被用作去做某事,被动语态的一种形式
3.Interest/interesting/interested
Interest做动词意思为使别人感兴趣interestsb.
Interesting做形容词,多以物做主语,表示使别人感兴趣的
Interested做形容词,多以人做主语,表示对。
。
。
感兴趣的。
4.sound/noise/voice
sound
指自然界中所有的声音,可指悦耳的声音也可指噪音。
noise
一般指很响的,刺耳的声音,即喧闹,嘈杂声等。
voice
指人通过发音器官发出的声音(包括说话,唱歌等)。
5.such/so
词条
词性
用法
常用结构
such
形容词
修饰名词
sucha/an+形容词+可数名词单数
so
程度副词
修饰形容词或副词
so+形容词+a/an+可数名词复数
etrue实现/achieve
词条
是否接宾语
用法
achieve
是
主语一般为“人”
cometrue
否
主语一般是“梦想;理想”
7..few,afew,little,alittle
词条
含义
修饰的名词的数
例句
few
几乎没有(表否定含义)
可数名词复数
Theyknowfewofus
afew
一些(表肯定含义)
Hemadeafewmistakes
little
几乎没有(表否定含义)
不可数名词
Ispendverylittleonfood
alittle
一些(表肯定含义)
Iknowalittleaboutthestory
8..forexample/suchas
1forexample“例如”,一般只以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例,作插入语,用逗号隔开,可置于句首、句中或句末。
2suchas“例如”,用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。
可以和andsoon(等等)连用。
9.beableto/can
词条
适用时态
人称和数
例句
beableto
用于各种时态
有人称和数的变化
Iwillbeabletodressmorecasually.
can
用于现在时或过去时(could)
没有人称和数的变化
Icouldswimattheageofseven.
=Iwasabletoswimattheageofseven.
拓展链接
动词+副词短语
cheerup使高兴起来cleanup打扫干净putup张贴mixup修理
giveaway赠送giveout分发giveup放弃useup用光getup起床
handin上交putoff推迟pickup捡起thinkover仔细思考turndown关小音量
setup建立setoff出发lookout小心
动词+介词短语
lookafter照顾belongto属于takeafter与....相像hearfrom收到.....来信
hearof听说payfor支付waitfor等待
动词+副词+介词短语
getoutof避免comeupwith想出catchupwith追上赶上lookforwardto期待盼望
goonwith继续
动词+名词短语
havearest休息一下takeawalk散步makemistakes犯错haveatry试一下
takeplace发生tellalie撒谎makeadecision做决定
动词+名词+介词短语
havealookat看一看makeafriendwith与.....交朋友payattentionto注意makefunof取笑
Be+形容词+介词短语
belatefor迟到beangrywith生气befondof喜欢begoodat擅长
begoodfor对...有好处beshortof缺乏besimiliarto与......相似
bestrictwith对......严格要求bepoundof骄傲自豪
语法点:
动词不定式:
肯定式:
todo否定式:
nottodo省略to的:
do
句法作用
例 句
作宾语
Shewantedtoborrowmyradio.
作状语
ShewenttoseehergrandmalastSunday.
作宾语补足语
Lucyaskedhimtoturnofftheradio.
Sheaskedmetospeakmoreloudly
Thefathermadehissonstudyhard.
作定语
Ihadsomethingtoeatthismorning.
作主语
Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.
1、不定式作宾语
口诀:
决定想做计划需要同意,能做被用来做的事
迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事
decidetodosth.决定做某事
want∕wouldliketodosth.想做某事
plantodosth.计划做某
needtodosth.需要做某事
agreetodosth.同意做某事
can’twaittodo迫不及待地要做某事
decideto下决心做
usedtodo过去常常做某事
2、不定式作宾语补足语的动词:
asksb.todosth.请求某人做某事
tellsb.todosth.告诉某人做某事
ordersb.todo命令某人做某事。
wantsb.todosth.想要某人做某事
invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事
expectsb.todosth.期待某人做某事
encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事
advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事
省略to的情况:
使役动词:
let,make,have
感官动词:
feel,hear,listento,lookat,see,watch,notice
3、动词不定式做主语
动词不定式作主语用的动词不定式常常为it替代,动词不定式(或短语)放在后面。
例如:
Itisnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.
Ittookusthreedaystodothework.
4、动词不定式和疑问词连用
动词不定式可以和疑问词what,which,how,where,when等连用,构成不定式短语。
如:
Idon’tknowwheretogo.
Heshowedmehowtouseacomputer.
Whattodoisabigproblem.
动词不定式归纳
只跟动词不定式做宾语的动词
决心学会有希望(decide,learn,wish,hope)
同意计划莫假装(agree,plan,pretend)
忘记拒绝会失望(forget,refuse,fail)
准备设法来帮忙(prepare,try,manage,help)
提供请求负担起(offer,beg,afford)
记得阻止理应当(rememberstop,besupposed)
习题链接
一.单项选择
1.-Tomfailedtheexamagain
-Sorrytohearthat.Weshoulddosomethingto.
A.cheerhimupB.cheeronhimC.cheerhimonD.cheeruohim
2.Theboysvolunteerthreehoursuptheparkneartheirschool.
A.cleaningB.tocleanC.cleanedD.withcleaning
3.Thewomaninredateacher.Sheworksinahospitalnow.
A.usedtobeB.isusedtobeC.wasusedtobeD.is
4.Theoldmanlives,buthedoesn’tfeel.
A.alone;aloneB.lonely;lonelyC.lonely;aloneD.alone;lonely
5.Tina,Ihavesomethingimportantyou.
A.tellingB.tellsC.tellD.totell
6.--Theoldmanallhismoneytoacharity.
A.tookawayB.putawayC.wentawayD.gaveaway
7.Weallfeelafterhearofthenews.
A.excited;excitingB.exciting;excitingC.excited;excitingD.exciting;excited
1.---Peterhaschangedalot,hasn'the?
---Yes.Heusedto theguitar,butnowheismore inplayingsoccer.
A.
plays;interested
B.
play;interested
C.
play;interesting
D.
playing;interest
2.Becauseofthebadweather,wehaveto themeetingtillnextweek.
A.
takeoff
B.
getoff
C.
putoff
D.
setoff
3.Myaunt ateacher,butnowsheisareporter.
A.
wasusedtobe
B.
isusedtobe
C.
usedtobe
D.
isusedto
4.IfIstayathome ,Imightfeel .
A.
alone;alone
B.
lonely;lonely
C.
alone;lonely
D.
lonely;alone
5.---Oh,dear!
Yourroomisuntidy.
---Sorry,mom.I'll .
A.
setitup
B.
cleanitup
C.
putitup
D.
lookitup
1.Bequiet,please.We'regoingtohaveanEnglishtest.NowI'mgoingto yourpapers.
A.
giveout
B.
giveup
C.
giveback
D.
giveaway
2.Maryusedto towork,butsheisusedto toworknow.
A.
ridingabike;takingabus
B.
ridingabike;takeabus
C.
rideabike;takingabus
D.
rideabike;takeabus
3.LastnightIsuddenly awaytoworkouttheproblem.
A.
comeup
B.
camealong
C.
cameupwith
D.
camedown
4.Weshouldnever tilltomorrowwhatwecandotoday.
A.
puton
B.
putoff
C.
putup
D.
putout
5.He gooutwithhisparents,butnowhe stayingathomealone.
A.
usedto;isusedto
B.
isusedto;usedto
C.
useto;isusedto
D.
isusedto;isusedto
6.Theoldwomanlives ,butsheneverfeels .
A.
alone;alone
B.
alone;lonely
C.
lonely;alone
D.
lonely;lonely
7.---Whatwillyoudonateforthecharity?
---I'll someclothesbecausetheyaretoosmallforme.
A.
giveaway
B.
giveup
C.
giveout
D.
givein
8.Teachersoften newtextbookstothestudentsatthebeginningofthenewterm.
A.
giveaway
B.
giveoff
C.
giveout
D.
giveup
9.Thestoryis andallofusare init.
A.
interest;interesting
B.
interesting;interest
C.
interested;interesting
D.
interesting;interested
10.Hehasneverseenso agame,hewasvery .
A.
excited;exciting
B.
exciting;excited
C.
exciting;exciting
D.
excited;excited
1.---Ithinkeverychildneeds atleast(至少)eighthoursaday.
---Ithinkso.
A.
sleeps
B.
sleep
C.
sleeping
D.
tosleep
2.Ioftenseesomeboys baseballafterschool.
A.
play
B.
toplay
C.
playing
D.
areplaying
3.---WhatshouldIdo?
---You writehimaletter.
A.
need
B.
would
C.
could
D.
must
4.Pleasetellthechildren makingnoise.Thebabyissleeping.
A.
stop
B.
tostop
C.
stopping
D.
stopped
5.ThetalkshowonTVisverypopular.Itoftenmakespeople .
A.
laugh
B.
laughing
C.
tolaugh
D.
laughed
6.Lilyencouragedhercousin aholidayinChina.
A.
spends
B.
spent
C.
tospend
D.
spending
7.Shewon'tletherdaughter bytheriver.
A.
play
B.
plays
C.
toplay
D.
playing
8.Inthecountryweoftenhearbirds .
A.
tosing
B.
sings
C.
sang
D.
sing
9.ThedoctoraskedMary toomuchchocolate.
A.
don'teat
B.
nottoeat
C.
doesn'teat
D.
noteat
10.---Wouldyoulikesomeapplejuice?
---
A.
No,thanks.
B.
Yes,I'dlikejuice.
C.
No,please.
D.
It'sdelicious.
一、单项选择
1.---Somechildrencan'tafford dictionaries.
---Let'sdonateourpocketmoneytothem.
A.
buy
B.
buying
C.
tobuy
D.
bebought
2.Studentsshoulddoeverythingtheycan theirstudy.
A.
improve
B.
toimprove
C.
improving
D.
improved
3.TheteacheraskedBen adifficultquestioninclass.
A.
answer
B.
toanswer
C.
answering
D.
answer
4.IoftenwatchD