考研英语一真题及参考答案.docx

考研英语一真题及参考答案.docx

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考研英语一真题及参考答案

2016年考研英语

（一）真题及参考答案

SectionI UseofEnglish

　　Directions:

　　Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.（10points）

　　InCambodiathechoiceofaspouseisacomplexonefortheyoungmale.Itmayinvolvenotonlyhisparentsandhisfriends,１thoseoftheyoungwomen,butalsoamatchmaker.Ayoungmancan2alikelyspouseonhisownandthemaskhisparentsto3themarriagenegotiations.ortheyoungman’sparentsmaymakethechoiceofaspouse,givingthechildlittletosayintheselection.4,agirlmayvetothespouseherparentshavechosen.5aspousehasbeenselected,eachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschildismarrying 6 agoodfamily.

　　Thetraditionalweddingisalongandcolorfulaffair.Formerlyitlastedthreedays7 bythe1980sitmorecommonlylastedadayandahalf.Buddhistpriestsofferashortsermonand8prayersofblessing.Partsoftheceremonyinvolveritualhaircutting, 9 cottonthreadssoakedinholywateraroundthebride’sandgroom’swrists,and10acandlearoundacircleofhappilymarriedandrespectedcouplestoblessthe11.Newlywedstraditionallymoveinwiththewife’sparentsandmay12withthemuptoayear,13theycanbuildaflewhousenearby.

Divorceislegalandeasyto14,butnotcommon.Divorcedpersonsare15withsome disapproval.Eachspouseretains16propertyheorshe17intothemarriage,andjointly–acquiredpropertyis18equally.Divorcedpersonsmayremarry,butagenderprejudice19up.Thedivorcedmaledoesn’thaveawaitingperiodbeforehecanremarry20thewomanmustwaitthemonths.

　　1.[A]bywayof   [B]aswellas   [C]onbehalfof   [D]withregardto

　　2.[A]adaptto   [B]providefor   [C]competewith   [D]decideon

　　3.[A]close   [B]renew   [C]arrange   [D]postpone

　　4.[A]Intheory   [B]Aboveall   [C]Intime   [D]Forexample

　　5.[A]Although   [B]Lest   [C]After   [D]Unless

　　6.[A]into   [B]within   [C]from   [D]through

　　7.[A]sine   [B]or   [C]but   [D]so

　　8.[A]test   [B]copy   [C]recite   [D]create

　　9.[A]folding   [B]piling   [C]wrapping   [D]tying

　　10.[A]lighting   [B]passing   [C]hiding   [D]serving

　　11.[A]meeting   [B]association   [C]collection   [D]union

　　12.[A]grow   [B]part   [C]deal   [D]live

　　13.[A]whereas   [B]until   [C]for   [D]if

　　14.[A]obtain   [B]follow   [C]challenge   [D]avoid

　　15.[A]isolated   [B]persuaded   [C]viewed   [D]exposed

　　16.[A]wherever   [B]however   [C]whenever   [D]whatever

　　17.[A]changed   [B]brought   [C]shaped   [D]pushed

　　18.[A]divided   [B]invested   [C]donated   [D]withdrawn

　　19.[A]clears   [B]warms   [C]shows   [D]breaks

20.[A]while   [B]sowhat   [C]once   [D]inthat

答案：

1、 [B]aswellas ；

2、 [D]decideon

3、 [C]arrange 

4、[A]Intheory

5、 [C]After

6、[A]into

7、[C]but

8、[C]recite 

9、[D]tying

10、 [B]passing  

11、[D]union

12、[D]live

13、[B]until  

14、[A]obtain

15、 [C]viewed 

16、 [D]whatever

17、[B]brought

18、[A]divided  

19、 [C]shows 

20、[A]while 

SectionII ReadingComprehension

　　PartA

　　Directions:

　　Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）

　　Text1

　　France,whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,hasdecideditsfashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwoman.Itslawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweektoalawthatwouldmakeitacrimetoemployultra-thinmodelsonrunways.

　　Theparliamentalsoagreedtobanwebsitesthat”inciteexcessivethinness”bypromotingextremedieting.

　　Suchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotives.Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupwithimpingingonhealth.That’sastart.Andthebanonultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyondprotectingmodelsfromstarringthemselvestohealth–assomehavedone.Ittellsthefashionindustrythatitmovetakeresponsibilityforthesignalitsendswomen,especiallyteenagegirls,aboutthesocialtape–measuretheymustuseto determinetheirindividualworth.

　　Thebans,iffullyenforced,wouldsuggesttowoman（andmanymen）thattheyshouldnotletothersbeorbitersoftheirbeauty.Andperhapsfaintly,theyhintthatpeopleshouldlooktointangiblequalitieslikecharacterandintellectratherthandietingtheirwaytosinezeroorwasp-waistphysiques.

　　TheFrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishmenttochangeaculturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep-andbone-showing.Underthelaw,usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetagovernment-definedindexofbodymesscouldresultina$85,000fineandsixmonthsinprison.

　　Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterialadornmentandidealizedbodytypes.InDenmark,theUnitedStates,andafewothercountries,itistryingtosetvoluntarystandardformodelsandfashionimagesthererelymoreonpearpressureforenforcement.

　　IncontrasttoFrance’sactions,Denmark’sfashionindustryagreedlastmonthonrulesandsanctionsregardingage,health,andothercharacteristicsofmodels.ThenewlyrevisedDanishFashionEthicalcharterclearlystates,weareawareofandtakeresponsibilityfortheimpactthefashionindustryhasonbodyideals,especiallyonyoungpeople.Thecharter’smaintollofenforcementistodenyaccessfordesignersandmodelingagenciestoCopenhagen.Fashionweek,whichismenbytheDanishFashionInstitute.Butingeneralitreliesonaname-and–shamemethodofcompliance.

　　Relyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseofbodyidealsmaybethebeststep.Evenbetterwouldbetohelpelevatenotionsofbeautybeyondthematerialstandardsofaparticularindustry.

　　21.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwouldhappeninFrance?

　　[A]Physicalbeautywouldberedefined

　　[B]Newrunwayswouldbeconstructed

　　[C]Websitesaboutdietingwouldthrive

[D]Thefashionindustrywoulddecline

答案：

A

　　22.Thephrase“impingingon”（Line2Para2）isclosestinmeaningto

　　[A]heighteningthevalueof

　　[B]indicatingthestateof

　　[C]losingfaithin

[D]doingharmto

答案：

D

　　23.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthefashionindustry

　　[A]TheFrenchmeasureshavealreadyfailed

　　[B]NewstandardsarebeingsetinDenmark

　　[C]Modelsarenolongerunderpeerpressure

[D]Itsinherentproblemsaregettingworse

答案：

B

　　24.AdesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbyCFWfor

　　[A]settingperfectphysicalconditions

　　[B]caringtoomuchaboutmodels’character

　　[C]showinglittleconcernforhealthfactors

[D]pursuingahighagethresholdformodels

答案：

C

　　25.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?

　　[A]AchallengetotheFashionIndustry’sBodyIdeals

　　[B]ADilemmaforthestarvingmodelsinFrance

　　[C]JustAnotherRoundofstruggleforbeauty

[D]TheGreatThreatstotheFashionIndustry

答案：

A

Text2

　　Forthefirsttimeinthehistorymorepeopleliveintownsthaninthecountry.InBritainthishashadacuriousresult.WhilepollsshowBritonsrate“thecountryside”alongsidetheroyalfamily.ShakespeareandtheNationalHealthService（NHS）aswhatmakethemproudestoftheircountry,thishaslimitedpoliticalsupport.

　　AcenturyagoOctaviaHilllaunchedtheNationalTrustnottorescuestylishhousesbuttosave“thebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryoneforever”.Itwasspecificallytoprovidecitydwellerswithspacesforleisurewheretheycouldexperience“arefreshingair”.Hill’spressurelaterledtothecreationofnationalparksandgreenbelts.Theydon’tmakecountrysideanymore,andeveryyearconcreteconsumesmoreofit.Itneedsconstantguardianship.

　　Atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethissentiment.TheConservatives’planningreformexplicitlygivesruraldevelopmentpriorityoverconservation,

　　evenauthorizing“off–plan”buildingwherelocalpeoplemightobject.Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedasprofitable.Labourlikewisewantstodiscontinuelocalplanningwherecouncilsopposedevelopment.TheLiberalDemocratsaresilentonlyu  sensingitschance,hassideswiththosepleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousinggreenland.ItscampaigntoprotectRuralEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocalconservativeparties.   

　　Thesensibleplacetobuildnewhousesfactoriesandofficesiswherepeopleareincitiesandtownswhereinfrastructureisinplace.TheLondonagentsStirlingAckroyedrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfofmillionhousesintheLandonareaalonewithnointrusionongreenbelts.WhatistrueofLondoniseventrueroftheprovinces.Theideathat“housingcrisis”equals“concretedmeadows”ispurelobbytalk.Theissueisnottheneedformorehousesbut,asalways,wheretoputthemunderlobbypressure,GeorgeOsbornefavoursruralnew-buildagainsturbanrenovationandrenewal.Hefavoursout-of-townshoppingsitesagainsthighstreets.Thisisnotafreemarketbutabiasedone.Ruraltownsandvillageshavegrownandwillalwaysgrow.Theydosobestwherebuildingstickstotheiredgesandrespectstheircharacter.Wedonotruinurbanconservationareas.Whyruinruralones?

　　Developmentshouldbeplanned,notlettrip,AftertheNetherlands,BritainisEurope’smostcrowedcountry.Halfacenturyoftownandcountryplanninghasenableittoretainanenviableruralcoherence,whilestillpermittinglow-densityurbanliving.Thereisnodoubtofthealternative-thecorruptedlandscapesofsouthernPortugal,Spain