高三英语单元知识点高效复习题17.docx
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高三英语单元知识点高效复习题17
Unit3Underthesea
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.KarlMarxwasforcedtofhishomeforpoliticalreasons.
2.Thisisanaaccountoftheterrorsofthewar.You’dbetternotreadit.
3.Thedecisionwastakenforneconomicreasons,withoutconsideringitssocialeffects.
4.Thiskindofseafoodispiftakeninlargequantities.
5.Theairbytheseaispandhealthy.
6.Policehaveappealedforthe(证人)tocomeforward.
7.Thetravelagentfixedour(住处).
8.They’rebothcalledSmith,butthere’sno(血缘关系)betweenthem.
9.Hegotinatthe(浅的)endoftheswimmingpool.
10.Shewenttothepostofficetodrawher(退休金).
Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词或短语的适当形式填空
1.anyone(witness)thecaraccidentyesterday?
2.Theclouds(reflect)inthelake.Didn’tyouseethem?
3.(notyell)atmelikethat.
4.Thesailorhad(abandon)thesinkingship.
5.Theyall(fleefrom)theburningbuildinglastnight.
Ⅲ.同义句转换
1.Theycelebratetheirweddinganniversaryonceayear.
Theycelebratetheirweddinganniversary.
2.Wewereforcedtofleethecountry.
Wewereforcedtosafety.
3.Theerrorwasduetocarelesspureandsimple.
Theerrorwasduetocarelessness.
4.Hewassuccessfulinbusiness.
Heinbusiness.
5.Intheaccident,manypeoplewerekilled,butmeanwhilethereweresomewhowereunhurt.
Intheaccident,manypeoplewerekilled,butthereweresomewhowereunhurt.
Ⅳ.单项填空
从A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.Thetallbuildingsareinthelakearoundwhichtherearemanytrees.
A.reflectedB.reflectingC.standingD.stood
2.Noonecanpreventtheplan.
A.fromcarryingoutB.tobecarriedout
C.beingcarriedoutD.tocarryout
3.Whatyousaidmetodeath.
A.scaredB.werescared
C.wasscaredD.surprised
4.Themeetingwillbegininanhour;,let’shavearest.
A.onthemeantimeB.inthemeantimes
C.inthemeantimeD.inmeanwhile
5.Whenthewarbegan,theJewishhadtothecountry.
A.yellB.scanC.setD.flee
6.Inthefire,allthepeopleinthebuildingwereaheadoftimewhenthebuildingfelldown.
A.helpingoutB.helpedout
C.helpingD.tobehelped
7.Theyhadtothebuildingprojectbecauseofthesandstorm.
A.stopfromB.abandonC.preventfromD.start
8.Onlythendidhetheeffectsofhisaction.
A.awareB.awareof
C.becomeawareD.becomeawareof
9.Esme’swebsite,andyou’llgetalistofchildren’sbooksfordifferentagegroups.
A.VisitingB.tovisitC.VisitD.Havingvisited
10.Ihavetogotoworkbytaxibecausemycaratthegarage.
A.willberepairedB.isrepaired
C.isbeingrepairedD.hasbeenrepaired
Ⅴ.阅读理解
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
AbadWorkingMemory(大脑的工作记忆)-thebrain’stemporarystoragebox-mayexplain,newresearchsuggests,whyonechildcannotreadhisorherhistorybookandanothergetslostinmath.Asmanyas10percentofschool-agechildrenmaysufferfrompoorworkingmemory.Britishresearcherssaidinareportlastweek,yettheproblemisrarelyidentified.
“Youcanthinkofworkingmemoryasapuremeasureofyourchildspotential.ManypsychologistsconsiderworkingmemorytobethenewIQ(智商),becausewefindthatworkingmemoryisoneofthemostimportantpredictors(预示物)oflearningability,”saidDr.TraceyAllowayofBritain’sDurhamUniversity.
Manychildrenwithpoorworkingmemoryareconsideredlazyordull.Workingmemoryallowspeopletoholdintheirmindsanddealwithafewitems,suchastelephonenumbers,overashortperiodoftime.Allowaycomparesworkingmemorytoabox.Foradults,thebasicboxsizeisthoughttobethreetofiveitems.It’simportant,therefore,toputintherightthings.Irrelevant(不相关的)informationwillclutterworkingmemory.
Thequestionmanyresearchersarestrugglingwithishowtohelpchildrenwiththisproblem,whichappearstobeclosely,relatedtoalackofattention.
“Inchildrenwithlearningdifficulties,itbecomesahugeissue,especiallyaroundmiddleschool,whenthedemandsonworkingmemoryreallygrow,”saidDr.MelLevine,co-founderofAllKindsofMinds,anonprofitorganizationinNorthCarolinathatstudieslearningdifficulties.
Memorytrainingmayhelpimproveworkingmemory.Allowayhasatoolthatallowsteacherstoassess(评定)theworkingmemorycapacityofchildrenasyoungas4;ithasbeenusedin35schoolsacrossBritain.
Levine’sorganizationtrainsteachersthroughaprogramcalledSchoolsAttuned,whichisworkingwithseveralthousandschoolsacrosstheUnitedStates,CanadaandEurope.Whileheisnotsureworkingmemorycanbeexpanded,Levinesaidchildrencanbetaughtwaystodobetterinschool.
1.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofworkingmemory?
A.Ithasalimitedcapacity.
B.Itisusuallybetterinchildrenthanadults.
C.Itimproveswithuse.
D.Itcancausealackofattention.
2.Accordingtothenewresearch,.
A.theimportanceofworkingmemoryhasbeenlongrecognized
B.workingmemoryisbecomingrecognizedasafactorinintelligence
C.lazinesscanweakenworkingmemory
D.workingmemoryhelpspeoplerememberthingsforever
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“clutter”inthethirdparagraphprobablymean?
A.Change.B.Improve.
C.Strengthen.D.Confuse.
4.Whichofthefollowingmayhelpimproveachild’sworkingmemory?
A.Expandingthebrain’sstoragebox.
B.Trainingthememory.
C.Rememberingmorethings.
D.Beingremindedfrequently.
5.Accordingtothepassage,Dr.MelLevinehas.
A.inventedtoolstohelpimproveachild’sworkingmemory
B.foundedanorganizationtotrainteacherstohelpstudentswiththisproblem
C.identifiedtheproblemclearly
D.comparedworkingmemorytoabox
Ⅵ.短文改错
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。
对标有题号的每一行作出判断:
如无错误,在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√);如有错误(每行只有一个错误),则按下列情况改正:
此行多一个词:
把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉,在该行右边横线上写出该词,并也用斜线划掉。
此行缺一个词:
在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词:
在错的词下划一横线,在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意:
原行没有错的不要改。
DearAbby,
Howareyou?
TodayI’vegotawonderfulnewstotellyou.1.
IhaveofferedascholarshipatauniversityinAustraliaformy2.
furthereducation.Onehundredandtwentystudentstookexam3.
forit,butonlyafewwaschosenandIwasoneofthem.However,4.
myparentsarenothappyaboutit.Theyarestrongagainstme5.
goingthere.Theysayitistoofarawaythattheywillnotseeme6.
forawholeyearandtheyareafraidofIwillfeellonely.They7.
can'timagineagirlsoyounglivealone.Theyadvisemetostudy8.
inthecapitalinstead.ThenI’llbeabletocontinuelivingwith9.
them.HowcanIpersuadethemtoacceptthefactIhavegrownup?
10.
Bestwishes!
Jane
Ⅳ.单项填空
1.解析:
选A。
reflect在这里表示“倒映”的意思,building与reflect之间呈被动关系。
2.解析:
选C。
plan与carryout之间是被动关系。
prevent...from为固定搭配,在主动语态中from可以省略。
3.解析:
选A。
scaresb.todeath为固定搭配,意为“吓得要死”。
4.解析:
选C。
inthemeantime为固定搭配,意为“同时”。
5.解析:
选D。
句意为:
战争爆发后,犹太人逃离自己的国家。
根据句意,选D。
flee逃;逃走。
6.解析:
选B。
句意表示“大楼里所有的人都被解救出来”,因此用被动语态。
7.解析:
选B。
句意表示“他们不得不放弃建设工程”,因此用abandon放弃,中止。
8.解析:
选D。
be/becomeawareof为固定搭配,意为“知道;明白”。
9.解析:
选C。
考查“祈使句+and+陈述句”的结构。
10.解析:
选C。
句意表示“汽车正在被修理”,因此运用现在进行时的被动语态。
Ⅴ.阅读理解
1.解析:
选A。
细节理解题。
根据第三段中的“Allowaycomparesworkingmemorytoabox.Foradults,thebasicboxsizeisthoughttobethreetofiveitems”可知,人的“工作记忆”就像一个盒子,它的容量是有限的。
2.解析:
选B。
推理判断题。
根据第二段的“ManypsychologistsconsiderworkingmemorytobethenewIQ,becausewefindthatworkingmemoryisoneofthemostimportantpredictorsoflearningability”可知,很多心理学家认为workingmemory是一种新的智商,因为研究者发现workingmemory是衡量一个人学习能力的最重要的指标之一,因此可以把它看作是预测孩子智力的一个重要因素。
3.解析:
选D。
猜测词义题。
根据第三段可知,人的workingmemory是有限的,因此要去记那些重要的信息,不相关的信息只会使记忆更加混乱,所以选D。
4.解析:
选B。
细节理解题。
根据倒数第二段第一句“Memorytrainingmayhelpimproveworkingmemory”可知,进行记忆训练会有助于改善“工作记忆”,因此B项正确。
5.解析:
选B。
细节理解题。
根据最后一段第一句“Levine’sorganizationtrainsteachersthroughaprogramcalledSchoolsAttuned”可知,Levine成立一个组织,这个组织培训老师,然后让老师们帮助学生改善“工作记忆”。
Ⅵ.短文改错
1.去掉a
2.have后加been
3.exam→exams
4.第一个was→were
5.strong→strongly
6.too→so
7.去掉of
8.live→living
9.√
10.fact后加that