TCA00操作说明日本BROTHER手册.docx
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TCA00操作说明日本BROTHER手册
兄弟攻丝、钻孔加工中心
操作简明说明
上海北滨精密机械有限公司
技术服务中心
2006年7月
G代码操作说明
1、G代码介绍
1-1、G00快速移动···················································3
1-2、G01直线插补···················································3
1-3、G02、G03圆弧插补···········································3
1-4、G04暂停·······················································3
1-5、G09、G61、G64定位/切削模式·····························3
1-6、G10资料设定···················································3
1-7、G22、G23软极限设定·········································4
1-8、G28由指定点复归到机械原点·····································4
1-9、G29从诫械原点经G28点再移动到指定点··························4
1-10、G30由指定点复归到第2、3、4机械点··························4
1-11、G40、G41、G42刀具半径补偿·····························4
1-12、G43、G44、G49刀具长度补偿·····························4
1-13、G53机械坐标系···············································5
1-14、G54→G59第1→6工作坐标系·······························5
1-15、G54.1 P1→48扩张坐标系······························5
1-16、G68坐标旋转·················································5
1-17、G133单项攻牙(攻入)········································5
1-18、G134单项攻牙(退出)········································5
1-19、G90/G91绝对值/增量值坐标系······························5
1-20、G94每分钟进给量mm/min·································5
2、子程序指令
2-1、M98呼叫子程序·················································5
2-2、M99返回主程序·················································5
3、条件指令
3-1、G65指令(呼叫指令)············································5
3-2、G66指令(轴转移后呼叫)········································6
3-3、G67取消G66指令·············································6
3-4、IF语句··························································6
3-5、GOTO语句·····················································6
3-6、WHILE语句···················································6
4、变量说明
4-1、空变量···························································6
4-2、区域变量·························································6
4-3、公用变量·························································6
4-4、条件式说明·······················································7
4-5、算式说明·························································7
5、固定循环指令
5-1、固定循环指令说明·················································7
5-2、G73钻孔循环(孔内停顿)········································8
5-3、G74攻丝(左牙)················································8
5-4、G76精镗孔·····················································8
5-5、攻丝循环(右牙)··················································8
5-6、攻丝循环(左牙)··················································9
5-7、G81、G82钻孔···············································9
5-8、G83钻孔循环(孔外停顿)········································9
5-9、攻丝(右牙)······················································9
5-10、G85、G89铰孔·············································9
5-11、G86粗镗孔···················································9
5-12、G86背镗孔···················································9
5-13、G36圆形分布孔加工···········································9
5-14、G37直线分布孔加工(指定孔间距)································9
5-15、G38直线分布孔加工(指定孔增量坐标)···························10
5-16、G39网状分布孔加工···········································10
5-17、G173高速深孔钻·············································10
5-18、G181、G182两段式深孔钻··································10
5-19、G183深孔钻·················································10
5-20、G185、G189两段式铰孔····································10
5-21、G186两段式镗孔·············································10
5-22、G100无停止换刀·············································10
6、S、T、M功能
6-1、S功能····························································11
6-2、T功能····························································11
6-3、M功能···························································11
7、计数器的使用·······················································12
1、G代码介绍
1-1、G00快速移动
G00 X_Y_Z_B
1-2、G01直线插补
G01 X_Y_,C_F_
G01 X_Y_,R_F_
G01 X_Y_Z_F_
G01 Z_F_
G01 B_F_
说明:
直线插补在一条语句中写入3轴坐标值
旋转轴为1旋转轴+1直线轴
X、Y、Z、B为坐标终点
C、R为倒角大小;C为直线倒角、R为圆弧倒角
F为切削进给速度mm/min
刀具进给路线为直线
1-3、G02、G03圆弧插补
G02 X_Y_I_J_F_顺时针插补
G02 X_Y_R_F_顺时针插补
G03 X_Y_I_J_F_逆时针插补
G03 X_Y_R_F_逆时针插补
说明:
X、Y为坐标终点
R为圆弧半径(圆弧角度≤180度时R为+)
(圆弧角度≥180度时R为-)
I、J为圆弧起点到
1-4、G04暂停
G04 P_
G04 X_
说明:
P、X为停顿秒数
在某些加工条件下,执行暂停可以获得良好的加工质量
1-5、G09、G61、G64定位/切削模式
G09 定位模式(单节有效)
G61 定位模式(连续有效)
G64 切削模式(连续有效)
在加工时,由于控制系统和机械动作的延时,造成在加工工件转角时产生微小的倒 角,若工件转角需要绝对正确时就必须使用G09、G61。
1-6、G10资料设定
G10 L2PnX_Y_Z_B_(n=1→6)坐标系设定
G10 L10PnR_(n=1→99)刀长设定
G10 L11PnR_(n=1→99)刀长微小补正设定
G10 L12PnR_(n=1→99)刀具半径设定
G10 L13PnR_(n=1→99)刀具半径微小补正设定
G10 L20PnX_Y_Z_B_(n=1→48))扩张坐标值设定
1-7、G22、G23软极限设定
G22 X_Y_Z_I_J_K_
G23 取消G22
说明:
X、Y、Z为上极限点(机械坐标系)
I、J、K为下极限点(机械坐标系)
当机床运转时,刀具进入设定的极限区时发生报警,并停止动作
1-8、G28由指定点复归到机械原点
G28 X_Y_Z_B_
说明:
X、Y、Z、B为指定的中途点
执行G28指令时,刀具以G00速度经过指定点复归到机械原点。
未指定的轴向则不作原点复归,此指令的目的为避让加工障碍或者用于换刀。
1-9、G29从诫械原点经G28点再移动到指定点
G29 X_Y_Z_B_
说明:
X、Y、Z、B为指定坐标点
刀具由机械原点经过G28所指定坐标点再到达G29所指定坐标点,所以在使用G29指令之前必须先指定G28指令。
1-10、G30由指定点复归到第2、3、4机械点
G30 PnX_Y_Z_B_(n=2→4)
说明:
P2、P3、P4为第2、3、4机械点
X、Y、Z为指定坐标点
本指令功能同G28相同,差异在于复归到第2、3、4机械点
1-11、G40、G41、G42刀具半径补偿
G40 半径补正取消
G41 Dn左补正(n=1→99)G00 X_Y_
G42 Dn右补正(n=1→99)G00 X_Y_
说明:
D为刀具补正代码
以刀具的走向判定左右补偿
刀具补正功能的作用在于使刀具的实际移动路线与程序指令的路线偏离一个刀具 的半径,使得加工后的轮廓与图纸要求相符合,无须考虑刀具半径大小造成的计算困扰。
1-12、G43、G44、G49刀具长度补偿
G49 刀具长度补正取消
G43 Hn刀具长度补正(+方向)(n=1→99)G00 Z_
G43 Hn刀具长度补正(-方向)(n=1→99)G00 Z_
说明:
H为刀具长度补正代码
由于刀具的长度不一,所以Z轴方向的位置补正修正刀具长度的误差。
1-13、G53机械坐标系
G53 以机械原点作为零点的坐标系
1-14、G54→G59第1→6工作坐标系
1-15、G54.1 P1→48扩张坐标系
编写加工程序时,可以在的加工零件上设定数个坐标系,将设定的工件坐标系零点到机械原点的各轴向距离编写入参数中。
1-16、G68坐标旋转
G68 X_Y_R_
说明:
X、Y为旋转中心;R为旋转角度
1-17、G133单向攻牙(攻入)
1-18、G134单向攻牙(退出)
G133 Z_I_(J_)S_
G134 Z_I_(J_)S_
说明:
Z为终点坐标
I(J)为公制螺距(每英寸牙数)
S为主轴转速
1-19、G90/G91绝对值/增量值坐标系
G90 以工件坐标零点为坐标的基准点计算(绝对增量)
G91 以前一个点为坐标基准点计算(相对增量)
1-20、G94每分钟进给量mm/min
G94 刀具的进给速度F为mm/min
2、子程序指令
2-1、M98呼叫子程序
2-2、M99返回主程序
M98 P_L_
说明:
P为子程序号码
L为重复次数
M99 P_
说明:
P为主程序序号
如果程序中有一段指令重复使用,可以将这些特定的指令单独写成一个子程序以便简化程序,子程序可以再次呼叫其他子程序,最多可以重复呼叫4次。
3、条件指令
3-1、G65指令(呼叫指令)
G65 P_L_
说明:
P子程序代码
L重复次数
3-2、G66指令(轴转移后呼叫)
3-3、G67取消G66指令
G66 P_L_
(移动轴程序)
G67
说明:
P子程序代码
L重复次数
3-4、IF语句
IF_(条件式)_GOTO_n(n=1→9999)
(程序内容)
3-5、GOTO语句
GOTO _n
3-6、WHILE语句
WHILE_()_DOm(m=1→4)
(程序内容)
ENDm
4、变量说明
4-1、空变量 #0
条件式时为空
计算式时为0
4-2、区域变量
引数
变数
引数
变数
引数
变数
A
#1
I
#4
R
#18
B
#2
J
#5
S
#19
C
#3
K
#6
T
#20
D
#7
L
==
U
#21
E
#8
M
#13
V
#22
F
#9
N
==
W
#23
G
==
O
==
X
#24
H
#11
P
==
Y
#25
Q
#17
Z
#26
4-3、公用变量
在DATA BANK中设定
#100→#199 电源关闭后资料丢失
#500→#599 电源关闭后资料存在
4-4、条件式说明
#I EQ #J
#I = #J
#I GE #J
#I ≥ #J
#I NE #J
#I ≠ #J
#I LT #J
#I < #J
#I GT #J
#I > #J
#I LE #J
#I ≤ #J
4-5、算式说明
变量定义和置换
#I=#J
定义和置换
加法型运算
#I=#J+#K
加法
#I=#J-#K
减法
#I=#J OR #K
或运算
#I=#J XOR #K
异或运算
乘法型运算
#I=#J*#K
乘法
#I=#J/#K
除法
#I=#J AND #K
并运算
函数
#I=SIN[#K]
正弦
#I=COS[#K]
余弦
#I=TAN[#K]
正切
#I=ATAN[#K]
余切
#I=SQRT[#K]
平方
#I=ABS[#K]
绝对值
#I=BIN[#K]
BCD→BIN变换
函数
#I=BCD[#K]
BIN→BCD变换
#I=ROUND[#K]
四舍五入
#I=FIX[#K]
小数点舍去
#I=FUP[#K]
小数点舍去并进位
5、固定循环指令
5-1、固定循环指令说明
固定循环指令是将几个单节指令集合在一起,以一个指令代替数个单独的指令,当进入固定循环后一直连续到G80为止。
通常一个固定循环切削功能包括六个动作:
1、快速定位至X、Y坐标
2、快速定位至R点
3、孔加工至Z点
4、Z点的动作
5、返回到R点
6、快速定位到起始点
7、
在固定循环指令中,必须包含以下三个功能:
1、G90/G91绝对值/增量值坐标
2、G98/G99回归点的起始点选择
3、固定循环指令G73、G74
G76→G78
G80→G87
G89
P1、G90/G91绝对值/增量值坐标
P2、G98/G99回归点的起始点选择
P3、固定循环指令格式
G※※ X_Y_Z_R_(1)Q_ (1)I_P_F_S_L_K_
(2)W_V_(2)J_
说明:
G※※ 循环代码
X_Y_ 定位点
Z_ 加工终点
Q_ (1)G73、G83、G77、G78时为每一次加工深度
(2)G76、G87时作为主轴定位后的偏移量,
以增量值计算
W_ 为G73、G83、G77、G78渐减式进刀的第一次进给量
V_ 为G73、G83、G77、G78渐减式进刀的最后一次进给量
I_ 螺距(公制螺纹)
J_ 每英寸牙输(英制螺纹)
P_ 暂停时间sec
F_ 进给速度mm/min;G77、G78为螺距×转速
S_ 主轴转速rpm
L_ G77、G78攻牙时的退刀速度rpm
K_ 加工次数G90时为同一位置的加工次数
G91时为加工数
5-2、G73钻孔循环(孔内停顿)
1、G73 X_Y_Z_R_P_Q_F_S_
2、G73 X_Y_Z_R_P_W_V_F_S_
5-3、G74攻丝(左牙)
G74 X_Y_Z_R_P_F_S_
5-4、G76精镗孔
G76 X_Y_Z_R_P_Q_F_
5-5、攻丝循环(右牙)
1、G77 X_Y_Z_R_I_Q_S_L_
J_
2、G77 X_Y_Z_R_I_W_V_S_L_
J_
5-6、攻丝循环(左牙)
1、G78 X_Y_Z_R_I_Q_S_L_
J_
2、G78 X_Y_Z_R_I_W_V_S_L_
J_
5-7、G81、G82钻孔
1、G81 X_Y_Z_R_P_F_
G82
2、G81 X_Y_Z_R_W_V_L_F_
G82
5-8、G83钻孔循环(孔外停顿)
1、G83 X_Y_Z_R_P_Q_S_
2、G83 X_Y_Z_R_W_V_F_
5-9、攻丝(右牙)
G84 X_Y_Z_R_P_F_S_
5-10、G85、G89铰孔
G85 X_Y_Z_R_P_F_
G89
5-11、G86粗镗孔
1、G86 X_Y_Z_R_P_F_
2、G86 X_Y_Z_R_W_V_P_F_
5-12、G87背镗孔
G98 G87 X_Y_Z_R_P_Q_F_
5-13、G36圆形分布孔加工
G36 X_Y_I_J_K_P_
说明:
X、Y为圆心位置
I为半径值
J为起始角度
K为起始角度
P为分割数(P=360/等分角度)
5-14、G37直线分布孔加工(指定孔间距)
G37 X_Y_I_J_K_
说明:
X、Y为第一个孔坐标
I为孔间隔距离
J为起始角度
K为加工孔数
5-15、G38直线分布孔加工(指定孔增量坐标)
G37 X_Y_I_J_K_
说明:
X、Y为第一个孔坐标
I为X轴间距
J为Y轴间距
K为加工孔数
5-16、G39网状分布孔加工
G39 X_Y_I_J_K_P_Q_
说明:
X、Y为第一个孔坐标
I为X轴间距
J为Y轴间距
K为X轴方向加工孔数
P为Y轴方向加工孔数
Q为起始角度
5-17、G173高速深孔钻
1、G173 X_Y_Z_R_Q_F_
2、G173 X_Y_Z_R_W_V_F_
5-18、G181、G182两段式深孔钻
G181 X_Y_Z_R_I_J_W_V_E_L_F_
G182
5-19、G183深孔钻
1、G183 X_Y_Z_R_Q_F_
2、G183 X_Y_Z_R_W_V_F_
5-20、G185、G189两段式铰孔
G185 X_Y_Z_R_I_J_E_L_F_
G189
5-21、G186两段式镗孔
G186 X_Y_Z_R_I_J_W_V_E_L_F_
5-22、G100无停止换刀
G100 R_T_X_Y_Z_B_
说明:
R为Z轴退至R点
T为刀具号码
X、Y、Z、B为换刀后的定位点
该指令可加入刀长补正,其动作与M06有所不同
G100 R_T_X_Y_Z_B_ G43H_S_M_
动作如下:
1、 (1)Y轴退回机床原点
(2)Z轴退回R点(加工坐标)
(3)主轴定位,切削液关闭
(4)刀具长度补偿取消
2、 Y轴到刀库换刀位置
3、 (1)换刀
(2)B轴定位
4、 (1)Y轴移至机械原点换刀
(2)切削液开启
5、 (1)X、Y、Z轴移至指定位置
(2)刀具长度补偿
(3