人教版八年级英语下册重要语法知识点汇总.docx
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人教版八年级英语下册重要语法知识点汇总
人教版八年级英语下册重要语法知识点汇总
人教版八年级英语下册重要语法知识点汇总
1.否定句型
1）一般否定句
Idon'tknowthis.Nonewsisgoodnews.
Thereisnoperson（smoke）/notaperson/notanyperson（smoke）inthehouse.
2）特指否定
Hewenttohisoffice,nottoseehim.
Iamsorryfornotcomingontime.
Idon'tthink/believe/suppose/feel/imagineyouareright.
3）部分否定
Alltheanswersarenotright//Allisnotgoldthatglitters
Idon'tknowallofthem.//Ican'tseeeverybody/everything.
Bothofthemarenotright.
4）全体否定
Noneofmyfriendssmoke.//Icanseenothing/nobody.
Neitherofthemisright.//Nothingcanbesosimpleasthis.
5）延续否定
Youdidn'tseehim,neither/nordidI.
Youdon'tknow,Idon'tknoweither.
Hedoesn'tknowEnglish,letalone/tosaynothingof/nottospeakof（更不用说）French.
6）半否定句
Weseldom/hardly/scarcely/barelyhearsuchfinesinging.
IknowlittleEnglish.Isawfewpeople.
7）双重否定
Youcan'tmakesomethingoutofnothing.//What'sdonecannotbeundone.
Thereisnosweetwithoutsweat.//Nogainwithoutpains.
Ican'thelp/keep/laughingwheneverIhearit.
Nomanissooldbut（that）hecanlearn.
8）排除否定
Everyoneisreadyexceptyou.//Hedidnothingbutplay.
Butforyourhelp,Icouldn'tdoit.
9）加强否定
Iwon'tdoitatall.//Ican'tseeitanymore.//Heisnolongeraboy.
2.判断句型
1）一般判断句
ItisimportantforustolearnEnglish.
Itiskindofyoutohelpmesinceremeanshonest.
Theboyiscalled/namedTom.
Weregarded/consideritasanhonor.
2）强调判断
ItisEnglishthatweshouldlearn.//Itishewhohelpedmealot.
3）弱式判断
Yoursentencedoesn'tsound/look/appear/feelright.
Youlook/seemasif/asthoughtyouhadbeentherebefore.
Maybe/Perhaps/sheisill.
Heisprobablyill.//Heislikelyill.//Itispossiblethatheislate
4）注释判断
HecanremembersomanyEnglishwords,thatis（tosay）heisalivingdictionary.（活字典）
5）正反判断
Thatsoundsallright,butinfactitisnot.
6）比较判断
Itismoreapicturethanapoem.
7）互斥判断
Heoryouarewrong.EitherheisrightorIam.
3.祝愿祁使句式
1）一般句式
Studyhardandkeepfit.Bebrave!
Don'tbeshy!
Getoutofhere.
2）强语式
Dotellme.Nevertellalie.
3）委婉祈使句
Pleasetellmethetrue.Would/Will/Won'tdomeafavor?
Would/Doyoumindmysmoking?
What/How/aboutgoingonfoot?
4）建议祈使句
Letusgo.Letusknowthetime.Don'tletthefireout.
Let'snotwastethetime.You'dbetterstartearly.
Shallwelistentosomemusic?
Whydon'tyougetsomethingtodrink?
Suppose/supposingyoupickmeupataboutsix?
Isuggestwe（should）takethetrain.
5）祝愿句
Successtoyou!
//Wishyouagoodjourney.
Mayyouhaveahappymarriage.//Here'stoyoursuccess!
Allowmetoproposeatoasttoourfriendship!
4.感叹句型
Howwellhespeaks!
//Howkindsheis!
//Whataniceweatheritis!
Herehecomes!
//Suchislife!
//Wonderful!
//Help!
5.疑问句型
1）一般疑问句
Isheadoctor?
//Doyouthewaytothestation?
2）反意疑问句
Heisateacher,isn'the?
//Itisquitecheap,don'tyouthink?
3）特殊疑问句
Whatisthedistance/width/size/population/temperature/fare?
Whoishe?
Whatishe?
（干什么的）//Whatishelike?
//Howishe?
Howdoyoulikehim?
//Whatdoyouthinkofhim?
Whateverdoyoumeanbysayingthis?
4）选择疑问句
Heisadoctororanurse?
5）间接疑问句
Doyouknowhowoldheis?
//Tellmeif（whether）youlikeit.
Whatdoyouthink/say/supposeIshoulddo?
6.数词句型
1）表数目
Itisexactlyteno'clock.//Itisfivemilesawayfromhere.
Heismorethan/over/atleastnotlessthan20.
Heisunder/atmost/nomorethan20.
2）表年月日
HewasbornonApril221994/in1994onthemorningofOct.1.
3）表年龄
Heis20yearsold/yearsofage.//Heisattheageof10.
4）表倍数
Itisfourtimesthatoflastyears.
Thisisfourtimesasbig（again）asthatone.
Thisisfourtimesbiggerthanthatone.
Theincomeisdoublewhatitwas.
Theoutputofcoalwas200%greaterthanin1998.
5）表计量
Itis10meterslong/wide/high.//Itcostsme100yuan.
Ispent10hourstofinishit.//Ittookme10daystofinishit.
Itisworth100yuan.
7.关联指代句型
1）两项关连
Ihavetwobooks,oneisChinese;theotherEnglish.
Ihavefivebooks,oneisChinese;theothersEnglish.
Tosayisonething,but/and/todoisanother.
Onetheonehand,Iamyourteacher,andontheotherhand,Iamalsoyoufriend.
Someliketoplayfootball,othersarefondofbasketball.
2）先后顺序
First/firstly,Iwishgoodhealth,second/secondlysuccessinyourstudy,third/thirdlygoodluckineverything.
Firststop,thenlook,finallycross.
Atfirst/inthebeginning/hewordhard.Later/Afterwardsheisnotsodiligent.
3）修饰限制
ThisisthesamebookasIlostyesterday.
ThisisthesamebookthatIlostyesterday.（同一本书）
Don'ttrustsuchamanasoverpraiseyou.
He/One/Those/Theywhoshouldcomefailedtoappear.
Aman/Aperson/Theone/Anyone/Peoplewhosawherlikedherverymuch.
Theday/time/momentwillcomewhenChinaisstrongestintheworld.
4）两项连接
HecanspeaknotonlyEnglishbutalsoFrench.
Thebookisbothinterestingandinstructive.
Itisneithercoldnorhot.
Pleaseeithercomeinorgoout.
Theoldworkerhasexperienceandknowledgeaswell.
5）加和关系
Besidesliterature,wehavegrammarandwriting.
Apartfromoxygen,therearesomeothergasesintheair.
Inadditionto"if",thereismanyotherconjunctionsthatcanintroduceconditionalclauses.
Imustgonow,incidentally,ifyouwantthatbook.
Youseemtoliketea,sodoI.
8.比较句型
1）等比句
HeisastallasI.//HeisthesameheightasI.
Sheisnolessdiligentthanhe.Thelabisnobetterthanacottage.
2）差比句
IspeakEnglishworsethanhedoes.//Heisnotso/astallasIam.
Ourknowledgeismuchinferiortotheir.
3）极比句
Heisthetallestofallintheclass.
None/Noone/issoblindasthosethatwon'tsee.
Nothingissoeasyasthis.
4）比例句
Themoreamanknows,themorehefeelshisignorance（无知）.
5）择比句
Heistallerthananyotherboyintheclass
Itisbetterlatethannever.//Theywoulddiethanliveasslaves
Heprefersdoingtotalking//Hepreferstodoratherthantotalk.
HeprefersmathematicstoEnglish.//I'dratherstayhere.
6）对比句
Youthinkmeidle,butonthecontrary,Iambusy.
Theyareworkinghardwhileyouarewastingyourtime.
9.比喻句型
Wemustworklikehim.//Hebehavesashisfatherdoes.
HespeaksEnglishasif/thoughhewasaforeigner.
10.条件假设句
1）一般事实
Ifwesucceed,whatwillthepeoplesay?
Supposeitrains,whatshallwedo?
Persevere（坚持）andyou'llsucceed.
2）虚拟条件句
IfIwereyou,Iwouldgo.//Ifyouhadseenit,youwouldhavebeenmoved.
3）反条件句
Unlessyoutry,you'llneversucceed.//Don'tmove,or/else/otherwiseI'llshot.
4）唯一条件句
IfonlyIhaveanotherchance,Ishalldobetter.
OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.
So/Aslongaswedon'tloseheart,we'llsucceed.
5）推论条件句
Sincethatisso,thereisnomoretosay.
Nowthatyouaregrownup,youmuststopthisbehavior.
11.时间句型
1）一般时
WhenIseehim,I'lltellhim.
2）表同时
You'llgrowwiserasyougrowolder.
Workwhileyouwork,playwhileyouplay.
Heworked,atthesame/inthemeantimehelistenedtothemusic.
3）限制时
Every/eachtimewhenIwenttohishouse,hewasout.
Bythetimethatwegotthere,hewasout.
4）交替时
Sometimeshesings,sometimeshedances.
Atonetimethebabycries,atanotherittalks.
5）先时
Istoppedhembeforehebegantotalkwithme.
6）后时
I'lltellyouafterIfinishit.
7）紧接时
AssoonasIseehim,I'lltellhim.
Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.
The（very）moment/instant（that）Isawhim,Irecognizedhim.
Onhearingthenews,shebustintotears.
HardlyhadIseenthelight,whenIheardaloudthundering.
8）延续时
Ihaven'tseenhimsinceIcamehere.
Afriendisneverknowtill/untilamanhaveneed.
12.地点句型
1）一般地点
Wherehaveyoubeen?
Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.
2）方位
HebeiliesintheeastofChina.
JapanisliestotheeastofChina.
Thehousefaces（to）thesouth.
Heissittingatthefrontoftheclassroom
Heisstandinginfrontof/beforeme.
Heissittingatthebackof/behindme.
Heissittinginthebackof/attherearoftheclassroom.
Heissittingnextto/besidesme.
Heissittingcloseto/nearme.
Atthetopof/Ontopoftheshelf,therearesomebooks.
Heissittingontheleft/right.
ThemountainyouseetotherightisthePurpleMountain.
13.原因句型
Hedidn'tgotoschoolbecausehewasill.
Sinceweareallhere,let'sbeginourmeeting.
Itmightrainyesterday,forthegroundwaswet.
Now（that）wehavefinishedthework,wecangohome.
Iamgladtomeetyou.
IamsorrythatIhearthat.
Thankyouforyourhelp.
Thatiswhyhefailedtocome.
Hedidn'tcomebecauseof/onaccountoftheweather.
Hewentoutofcuriosity.
Isucceededthankstohishelp.
Thisfailureisduetothefacttheylackexperience.
Owingtoourjointefforts,thetaskwasfulfilled.
WhatarestudyingEnglishfor?
Forwhatreasondidyouchoosethis?
What'sthepointofaskinghistodothat?
Howcomeyounevertoldmeaboutit?
Whatwiththewindandwhatwiththerain,ourwalkwasspoiled.
14.目的句型
Hestoppedasidesothatshecouldgoin.
Hesitsinthefrontinorderthathecanseewordsclearly.
Hegetsupearlysoasto/inordertohavetimetodoexercises.
Herepeateditforfearthatthereshouldbeanymistake.
15.结果句型
Itwasverycold,sothattheriverfroze.
Theycostalotofmoney,so/thereforeweusethemcarefully.
Heissuchagoodmanthateveryonelikeshim.
Heransofastthatnoonecouldcatchhim.
Hehurriedtothehouseonlytofindthatitwasempty.
Iwascaughtintherain.Asaresult,Ihadabadcold.
16.程度句型
Howoftendoyouwritetoyourparents?
Howlongdoyoustayathome?
Itissobeautifulthatweallloveit.
Itistoobigforyou.
Heistooexcitedtospeak.
Heisnotoldenoughtoknowthis.
Thelett
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