英语高考英语阅读理解教育文化及其解题技巧及练习题含答案.docx

英语高考英语阅读理解教育文化及其解题技巧及练习题含答案.docx

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英语高考英语阅读理解教育文化及其解题技巧及练习题含答案

（英语）高考英语阅读理解（教育文化）及其解题技巧及练习题（含答案）

一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类

1．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

   Hobbiesingeneralarebecomingsomethingofthepast.Ourlivesarealreadyfilledwithclasses,homework,working,relationshipsandsleeping.Whenwedohaveasparemoment,itisalltooeasytospenditontheendlessentertainmentandmediathatarerightatourfingertips.

   Idonotdoubtthattherearesomepeoplewhocouldbecomeagreatwriterormusician.Ionlyfearthatsomanypeoplearebusypursuingtheireducationandtheircareers,buttheyneverevenseethepotential（潜能）theyhave.Thenextgreatphotographerorsingercouldbegoingtocollegerightnow.Buttheymightnotevenknowtheyhaveagiftforphotographingorsingingifthey'veneverpickedupacameraoraguitar.

   Ofcourse,thefinalgoalofpursuinganewhobbyshouldn'tbetobecomerichandfamous.Formostpeople,ahobbyisjustsomethingtheyenjoydoingforthepurposeofthethingitself.Suchhobbiesarestillveryuseful.Studieshaveshownthatpeoplewhohaveahobbyarelesslikelytohavestressandmorelikelytohavemoremeaningfullives.

   Mostimportantly,ahobbyisjustsomethingyoudotomakeyouhappy.Ihatetobreakittoyou,butweallhavealonglifetimeofworkandstressaheadofus.Itwillmakethingsmucheasierifwecanpracticethepianoormakesomecollectionsafterwork.

   Sure,it'snoteasytostartanewhobbywhilegoingtoschool,butitwilllikelynevergeteasierthanitisrightnow.Sothinkaboutthethingthatyouhavealwayswantedtotrybutweretooembarrassedorbusyorwhatever.Youneverknow,youmightbecometheworld'snextgreatpeople.Ifnot,you'llatleastbealittlemorewell-rounded,moreinterestingandlessstressed.

（1）WhatdoesParagraph1mainlyshow?

A. Allpeopleshouldlearntorelax.

B. Today'speoplehavelittletimeforhobbies.

C. Peopleinthepasttooktheirhobbiesseriously.

D. People'sliveshavebeennegativelyaffectedbymedia.

（2）Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhobbies?

A. Theymaytakeuptoomuchtime.

B. Theycanhelpusenjoyabetterlife.

C. Theysometimescanbringusstress.

D. Theyshouldmakeusfamousoneday.

（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmean?

A. Weshouldstartahobbynow.

B. Startinganewhobbyisn'teasy.

C. We'dbetterdevelopahobbyatschool.

D. Developingahobbywillgeteasierastimegoesby.

（4）What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?

A. Tointroducesomehelpfulhobbies.

B. Toencourageustohaveahobby.

C. Totellushowtocreateahappylife.

D. Totellushowtofindourpotential.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）B

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者认为现在的人没什么时间来培养兴趣爱好，但有一个兴趣爱好非常重要。

（1）考查段落大意。

根据第一段的内容可知，本段主要是讲现在的人太忙，没什么时间培养兴趣爱好，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“"Studieshaveshownthatpeoplewhohaveahobbyarelesslikelytohavestressandmorelikelytohavemoremeaningfullives."可知，拥有兴趣爱好可以让我们的生活变得更好，故选B。

（3）考查句义猜测。

根据划线句子以及"Sothinkaboutthethingthatyouhavealwayswantedtotrybutweretooembarrassedorbusyorwhatever."可知，这里是讲现在就是培养兴趣爱好的最好时机。

故选A。

（4）考查写作意图。

根据文章内容可知，本文主要是讲培养兴趣爱好非常重要，我们应该有兴趣爱好，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，句义猜测，写作意图和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Whyisitthatmanypeoplewhohavesufferedamajorshock,suchasdivorceordeathofafamilymember,seemtobeweakeragainstavarietyofmajorandminorillness?

Onecommonideaamongpsychologistshasbeenthatpeoplecoulddealwithsufferingmoreeffectivelyiftheywereabletounderstandandacceptit.Indeed,manyexpertsstressthevalueofexpressingthoughtsandfeelingsconnectedwithupsettingevents.

   Recently,ateamofmedicalresearchersstudiedthelinksbetweendescribingpsychologicallypainfuleventsandlong-termhealth.Inoneexperimenthealthycollegestudentswereaskedtowriteabouteitherpersonallydisturbingexperiencesorordinarytopicsoveraperiodoffourdays.Inthemonthsafterwards,studentswhohadchosentoshowtheirinnerthoughtsandfeelingsintheirwritingvisitedthehealthcenterforillnessmuchlessoftenthanthosewhohadwrittenabouteverydaytopics.

   Inanexperimentthatfollowed,anothergroupofhealthystudentsweregiventhefour-daywritingexercises.Somechosetowriteabouthighlypersonalandupsettingexperiences（includingloneliness,problemswithfamilyandfriends,andhealth）.Whenquestionedimmediatelyafterwards,theysaidthattheydidnotfeelanybetter.However,theirbloodsamples（样本）takenbeforeandaftertheexperimentshowedevidenceofanimprovedresistancetoillness.Thewhitecellsthatfightoffbacteriaandviruseshadincreasedtheirreactionandsensitivitytothese"invaders".Thistrendcontinuedoverthefollowingsixweeks,whenanotherbloodsamplewastaken.Individualswhoshowedthebestresultswerethosewhowroteabouttopicsthattheyhadactivelykeptfromtellingothersabout.

   Theresearcherssuggestedthatfailuretofaceuptopainfulexperiencecanbeaformofstressitself,andcanincreasethepossibilityofillness.Itfollows,then,thatactivelydealingwithamajorshockmakespossibleitsunderstandingandacceptance.Theanswerisnottosufferinsilence.Itmaynotalwaysbepossibletotalkaboutpersonalproblems,butwritingthemdownwillhelpthebodytofightdiseaseinthelongrun.

（1）Inthefirstexperiment,thestudentswhowroteaboutpainfulevents________.

A.startedtosufferpsychologicalproblems

B.enjoyedsharingtheirinnerthoughtandfeelings

C.werelesslikelytoseektreatmentforsickness

D.couldn'tdealwithsufferingeffectively

（2）Peoplewhowroteaboutpersonalproblemsinthesecondexperiment________.

A.hadmorebacteriaandvirusesintheirblood

B.haddecreasedfeelingsofloneliness

C.showedanimprovedwhitecellreaction

D.didbetterintheirwritingtasks

（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"invaders"referto?

A.Thewhitecells.

B.Bacteriaandviruses.

C.Resistancetoillness.

D.Thereactionandsensitivityofthecells.

（4）Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.SufferingandHealth

B.InnerThoughtsandFeelings

C.IllnessandHealth

D.MentalIllnessandSocialAcceptance

【答案】

（1）C

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，心理学的研究表明，如果人们能够理解并接受痛苦，人们就能更有效地应对它。

许多专家认为将与令人不安的事件有关的思想和情感表达出来是十分重要的。

不能面对痛苦的经历本身就可能是某种形式的压力，也会增加患病的可能性。

所以从长远来看，不要默默忍受，说出来或者写出来将有助于身体对抗疾病。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Inthemonthsafterwards,studentswhohadchosentoshowtheirinnerthoughtsandfeelingsintheirwritingvisitedthehealthcenterforillnessmuchlessoftenthanthosewhohadwrittenabouteverydaytopics.”可知，在随后的几个月里，那些选择在写作中表达自己内心想法和感受的学生，比那些写过日常话题的人更少去看病。

故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“However,theirbloodsamples（样本）takenbeforeandaftertheexperimentshowedevidenceofanimprovedresistancetoillness.Thewhitecellsthatfightoffbacteriaandviruseshadincreasedtheirreactionandsensitivitytothese‘invaders’.”可知，在第二个实验中写下了个人问题的人显示他们的白细胞对细菌和病毒的反应和敏感性增强了。

故选C。

（3）考查词义猜测。

根据第三段中的“Thewhitecellsthatfightoffbacteriaandviruses…”可知，白细胞是用来对抗细菌和病毒的，因此these"invaders"指的就是细菌和病毒这些“入侵者”。

故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。

本文开头提出观点，如果人们能够理解并接受痛苦，人们就能更有效地应对它。

然后通过两个实验证明，将内心的感受通过说或者写的方式表达出来从长远看会有助于身体对抗疾病。

因此本文关注的话题是情感经历和健康的关系问题。

选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Painkillers（止痛药）areturningouttobearealpain:

accordingtoanewstudyintheBritishMedicalJournal.Takingthemforjustaweekcanincreaseyourriskofheartattackby50%.Theresearchsuggestedthattheriskrelatedtotheuseofcertaindrugswasgreatestwithhigherdoses（服用量）andduringthefirstmonthofuse.Thepotentialriskmayincreaseby75%formedicineslikeibuprofen（布洛芬）andnaproxen,andmorethan100%forrofecoxib.

   Itallsoundsbadbut,yourriskisverylow,—say,oneinamillion—a100%increasemeansyoustillonlyhaveatwoinamillionchance.Ofcourse,allpainkillingmedicationthatworkscanhavesideeffects—nothingissafeandeffective.Paracetamol（扑热息痛）hasveryfewunlesstakentoomuch,inwhichcaseitcancauseseriousliverdanger,butitisn'tveryeffective.Drugslikeopiatesarestrongpainkillersbuteasytobeaddictedandoftenhaveotherbadeffects.Maybeyoufindthatyouareinadilemmanow.Butdon'tdespair;youcanrefertoapainclinicforsomeprofessionalguidance.Forongoingpain,musicandexercisemaybethebestchoicestohelpyoureducethefeelingofit.

   ScientistatHarvardhaverecentlydoneaquitehorriblestudyonmice.Theymadethemiceexperienceextremesofhotandcold,appliedpressuretotheirbacklegsandinjectedthecapsaicin（辣椒素）intotheirfeet.Andthentheytimedhowlongittookthemtorespondtothepain.Lackofsleepincreasedthediscomfort,whilestimulants（兴奋剂）suchascaffeinemadethemlessresponsivetopain.Thishasbeenwidelyreportedthatagoodnight'ssleepandacupofcoffeeinthemorningmayhelpreducepain.

   Butanyway

 don'tthrowthepillsawaybecausethestudyalsoshowstakingsmalldosesofdrugs,suchasforshortperiodsoftimecanbeeffectiveandsafeaslongasyourheartisingoodcondition.

（1）Whichofthefollowingpainkillershasfewestside-effects?

A.Ibuprofen.

B.Naproxen.

C.Rofecoxib.

D.Paracetamol.

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“despair”inParagraph2referto?

A.Takeitseriously.

B.Takeanyrisks.

C.Losehope.

D.Feeldoubtful.

（3）Theexampleofmiceisusedtoshowthat____

A.micecanstandextremepressure

B.goodsleepandcoffeemaydecreasepain

C.legsandfeetaremoresensitivetopain

D.capsaicinandstimulantscanhelpreducepain

（4）Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Howtostoptakingpainkillers.

B.Anewwayofreducingpain.

C.The