英语 高考英语阅读理解专项训练100附答案及解析.docx
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英语高考英语阅读理解专项训练100附答案及解析
（英语）高考英语阅读理解专项训练100（附答案）及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
Robotsmakemenervous—especiallytheoneswhichseemtothinkforthemselves.IwasembarrassedtoadmitthistillIheardthatBillGates,thefounderofMicrosoft,feltthesameway.
GatessaidinaninterviewwiththesocialnetworkingandnewswebsiteReddit:
"Iaminthecampthatisconcernedaboutsuperintelligence.Firstthemachineswilldoalotofjobsforusandnotbesuperintelligent．Thatshouldbepositiveifwemanagewell.Afewdecadesafterthat,though,theintelligenceisstrongenoughtobeaconcern."
Well,maybeIdon'thavetoworryaboutmycomputerandkitchenequipmentyet.AfterIusethemIcanalwayspulltheplug.Butinthefuture,machinesmightfindawaytopreventusfromswitchingthemoff.There'saterriblethought!
Maybetheproblemwithcomputerstoocleverforusisnotthattheyareevillikesomewe'veseeninsci-fimovies.Whatcouldputusindangeristhattheymightbetooefficient.That'swhatphilosopherNickBostromfromOxfordUniversitybelieves.Hesaysthatmachinesareindifferenttohumansandinpursuitoftheirowngoals，thedestructionofpeoplemightbejustadditionaldamage.Bostromgivesusanexample:
Amachinewhichmighthaveitsonlygoaltoproduceasmanypaperclipsaspossiblemightlookathumanbodiesasextramaterialforpaperclipsandgoafteryou.Becauseitis,well,amachine,itwouldnottakepityonyou.
It'sagoodthingthatAmericanwriterIsaacAsimovthoughtabouthowfarrobotscangoandleftushisthreerulesofrobotics.Theystatethatarobotmaynothurtahumanbeingorallowthehumanbeingtocometoharm.
I'mgladmymachinesathomeare"dumb".Allmycleanerwantstotakeoveristhecarpetinmylivingroom.Let'shopetheydon'tcreateanappliancewhichwantstotakeovertheworld!
（1）TheauthorquotedBillGates'wordsinParagraph2inordertomakethetext________.
A. better-known
B. morepersuasive
C. better-organized
D. moreinteresting
（2）Anintelligentpaperclipmachinewouldharmusbecause_______.
A. itismuchclevererthanus B. itwouldtakeovertheworld
C. ithasthestrongfeelingofdestroyingus
D. itwouldseeusjustasmaterial
（3）HowdoestheauthorfeelaboutIsaacAsimov'srulesofrobotics?
A. Optimistic
B. Worried
C. Disappointed
D. Regretful
（4）Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?
A. Thebenefitsoffuturerobots.
B. Thenewapplicationsofrobots.
C. Theconcernforsuperintelligence.
D. Thepopularityofrobotsinthefuture.
【答案】
（1）B
（2）D
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了智能机器人可能给人类带来伤害以及美国作家Isaac Asimov为此制定了三条机器人规则，作者旨在引起人们对智能机器人的关注。
（1）考查推理判断。
因为比尔盖茨是一个名人，他的观点更有说服力，所以作者才会引用他说的话，让别人更加相信他的观点。
故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的“Amachinewhichmighthaveitsonlygoaltoproduceasmanypaperclipsaspossiblemightlookathumanbodiesasextramaterialforpaperclipsandgoafteryou.”可知智能的paperclipmachine会把人类当成是加工材料而伤害人类。
故选D。
（3）考查推理判断。
根据第五段中的“It'sagoodthingthatAmericanwriterIsaacAsimovthoughtabouthowfarrobotscangoandleftushisthreerulesofrobotics.”可知作者认为IsaacAsimov所制定的机器人规则是好事情，说明他对此持乐观的态度。
故选A。
（4）考查主旨大意。
根据主题段第一段可知人们对于人工智能，尤其是机器人的迅速发展持有谨慎的态度，认为人工智能的过快发展会影响到人类的未来。
故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
Youcaneithertravelorread,buteitheryourbodyorsoulmustbeontheway.Thepopularsayinghasinspiredmanypeopletoreadorgosightseeing.Travelingjustlikereading,isarefreshingjourneyfromthebusyworld.Books,brainfood,cankeepyoucompanyonyourtravel.
OntheRoad,1957,byJackKerouac
Thebookisagloballypopularspiritualguidebookaboutyouth.ThemaincharacterinthebookdrivesacrosstheUScontinentwithseveralyoungpeopleandfinallyreachesMexico.Aftertheexhaustingandexcitingtrip,thecharactersinthebookbegintorealizethemeaningoflife.ThebookcanbeagoodpartnerwithyoutoexploretheUnitedStates.
LifeisElsewhere,1975,byMilanKundera
Jean-JacquesRousseauoncesaid,"Manisbornfree,andeverywhereheisinchains."Thebooktellsayoungartist'sromanticbutmiserablelife,abouthowhereads,dreams,andhasarelationship.Experiencetheartist'spassionatelifeinthebookduringatriptoCentralEurope.Thebookinvitesyoutodeeplyreflectonyourcurrentlife.
TheStoriesofSahara,1967,bySanmao
Thebooknarratestheauthor'ssimplebutadventurouslifeintheSaharaDesert,whichseemsadesolateanddullplace.Thefancynaturalsceneryandlifethere,alongwiththeauthor'sromanticandintensiveemotion,willinspireyoutoexplorethemysteriousland.Readingthebookislikeparticipatinginadialoguewiththeauthor,whoissincereandhumorous.
Lotus,2006byAnnbaby
ThisnovelsetinTibet,tellsthreepeople'sstories,eachwiththeiruniquecharacteristics.Itrevealsmodernpeople'semotionsandinnerlife,theirconfusionaboutlove,andexplorationofBuddhism.ThebookisagoodpartnertobringyoutothesacredlandTibet.
（1）Whichbookisabouttheexplorationoflifevaluethroughajourney?
A. OntheRoad.
B. LifeisElsewhere.
C. TheStoriesofSahara.
D. Lotus.
（2）WhosebookcouldbethemostsuitableforyourtriptoGermany?
A. JackKerouac's.
B. Sanmao's.
C. Annbaby's.
D. MilanKundera's.
（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?
A. LotusisareligiousbookexploringTibetanBuddhistculture.
B. OntheroadadvisesaclassicroutefordrivingacrosstheUS.
C. ThestoriesofSahararecordsitsauthors'ownlifeinthedesert.
D. LifeisElsewheredemonstratesJean-JacquesRousseau'sownlife.
【答案】
（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，推荐了几本适合在旅行途中阅读的书。
（1）考查细节理解。
根据OntheRoad,1957,byJackKerouac部分中的“Aftertheexhaustingandexcitingtrip,thecharactersinthebookbegintorealizethemeaningoflife.”可知，在那令人筋疲力尽的旅行之后，书中的人物开始意识到生命的意义，故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据TheStoriesoftheSahara,1967,bySanmao部分中的“Experiencetheartist'spassionatelifeinthebookduringatriptoCentralEurope”可知，Germany（德国）是属于CentralEurope（中欧）的，故选D。
（3）考查推理判断。
根据LifeisElsewhere,1975,byMilanKundera部分中的“Thebookinvitesyoutodeeplyreflectonyourcurrentlife.”可知，本书引导人们对当前生活进行深刻地反思，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
TheNationalPostalMuseumisdividedintogalleriesthatexploreAmerica'spostalhistory.Visitorswillhaveafullpictureofthecreationandfantasticvarietiesofpostagestamps.
WorldofStamps
Videoimagesbringstampstolifeandattractvisitorswhoexplorethesurroundingdisplays.Visitorsencountertheworld'sfirstpostagestamp—the1840PennyBlackandlearnhowitrevolutionizedcommunication.Stampimages,includingDr.MartinLutherKing's"Ihaveadream"speechandthestampthathelpedraisealmost$72milliondollarsforbreastcancerresearch,explainhowstampshaveshapedhistoryandhonoredpeopleandplacesworldwide.
GemsofAmericanPhilately
Visitorshavetheopportunityofexamining13ofthemostrareandhighlyvaluedstampsintheworldofthestampcollection,includingthemostfamousAmericanstampofall,the1918InvertedJenny.AvideoexplainswhytheInvertedJennyandotherstampsdisplayedherearethemostvaluable.Thetreasuresinthisareaarerarelyavailableforpublicviewing.EachtellsastoryaboutanimportanteventinUShistory.
MailMarksHistory
Themarkingsonmailprovidevaluablecluestothesurprisingwaysmailhasbeentransportedovertime,includingchallengesandevendisastersencounteredalongtheway.Youwillunderstandthesemarkingsbyfollowingthejourneysofthreehistoricletters.
ConnectwithUSStamps
Visitorsexploretheirownconnectionswithstamps.Atthreetouchscreentables,theycreatetheirownstampcollectionbasedonthetopicsthatinterestthemmost.Theycanalsocreatetheirownstampdesigns.Visitorshavethechancetoviewvideosinwhichstampdesignerstalkabouttheircraft,stampcollectorsexplainwhattheycollectandwhy,andfootage（片段）showstheprocessofmakingstamps.
（1）WhatcanyoudoatWorldofStamps?
A. Photographsomenicestampsondisplay.
B. Learnmoreaboutthegreatimportanceofstamps.
C. Donatemoneytocancerresearch.
D. ListentoaspeechbyMartinLutherKingonvideo.
（2）WhatcanyouseeatGemsofAmericanPhilately?
A. SomefamousdesignersintheUS.
B. SomenewlyreleasedstampsintheUS.
C. SomeofthemostvaluableUSstamps.
D. Someimportantpublicreviewsofstamps.
（3）Wherecanyouseehowstampsarecreated?
A. ConnectwithUSStamps
B. GemsofAmericanPhilately
C. MailMarksHistory
D. WorldofStamps
（4）Wheredoesthistextcomefrom?
A. Anofficialreport.
B. Anexhibitionguide.
C. Anannouncement. D. Anartshowreview.
【答案】
（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了美国国家邮政博物馆几个展厅的展览内容。
（1）考查推理判断。
根据WorldofStamps部分中的“Videoimagesbringstampstolifeandattractvisitorswhoexplorethesurroundingdisplays.”和下文列举世界上第一张邮票，马丁路德金演讲邮票和帮助乳腺癌研究筹钱邮票的例子，说明在这里人们能够更多了解邮票的知识和重要性。
故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据GemsofAmericanPhilately部分中的“Visitorshavetheopportunityofexamining13ofthemostrareandhighlyvaluedstampsintheworldofthestampcollection,”可知游客们在这里能够有机会欣赏到世界上最珍贵的13枚邮票。
故选C。
（3）考查细
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