中考英语 英语阅读理解专题练习附答案.docx
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中考英语英语阅读理解专题练习附答案
中考英语英语阅读理解专题练习（附答案）
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1．阅读理解
Whenitcomestohelpingdevelopingcountries,weoftenthinkaboutofferingmoneyinorderthattheycanbuildschoolsandhospitals,buyfoodandmedicine,orfindcleanwatersupplies.Theseseemtobethemostimportantbasicneedsintheirlives.However,it'sfarfromenough.Wehavetocomeupwithbetterideas.
AmancalledNicholasNegroponteinventedacheaplaptopcomputer,whichhedecidedtoinventafterhevisitedaschoolinCambodia.ThelaptopwhichMr.Negropontehasdesignedisnotthesameasthenormalonethatyoucanbuyintheshops.Onedifferenceisthatitwillbecoveredinrubbersothatitisstrongandwon'tbedamagedeasily.Asanelectricitysupplycanbeaproblemindevelopingcountries,thecomputeralsohasaspecialhandleinorderthatchildrencanwindthecomputeruptogiveitextrapowerwhenneeded.
Thisspeciallaptopcomputerwillcostlessthan100USdollarsandMr.Negropontewantstoproduceasmanyas15millionlaptopcomputersinthefirstyear.Theideaisthatthesecomputerswillhelpthechildren'seducationastheywillbeabletoaccesstheInternet.Thesecomputersmightnotbenefitthepeopleindevelopingcountriesimmediately,butbyimprovingchildren'seducationtheyshouldhelppeopletofindtheirownsolutionstotheirproblemsinthelongterm.
Anotherideatohelpchildrenindevelopingcountriesistorecycleoldmobilephonessothattheycanbeusedagain.IntheUK.Andprobablyinmanyothercountriestoo,millionsofmobilephonesarethrownawayeveryyear.Thewastecrestedbythrowingawaytheeoldphonesisverybedfortheenvironment,soitseemstobeanexcellentideatoachievetwoimportantgoalsatthesametime.Wewillreducethewasteweproduceandhelpothers.Inotherwords,wewillbeableto"killtwobirdswithone"andthatisalwaysagoodthing.
（1）Theunderlinedphrase"windup"inparagraph2means .
A. 吹风
B. 给……上发条
C. 摇上
D. 利用空气……使……
（2）ThelaptopcomputerthatMr.Negropontehasdesigned .
A. willbedamagedmucheasierthanthenormalone
B. hasaspecialhandletoaccesstheInternet
C. ischeapandcanrunwithextrapower
D. canbehelpfultofindthepeople'sownsolutions
（3）Accordingtothepassage，whatbenefitcanwegetfromrecyclingoldmobilephones?
A. Wecanreducethewastetoprotecttheenvironment.
B. Wecanhelpchildrenindevelopingcountriesreusetheoldmobilephones.
C. itisgoodfortheenvironmentandveryeducativeforphoneusers.
D. Itnotonlyreducesthewasteproducedbydevelopedcountriesbutalsohelpsthechildrenindevelopingcountries.
（4）Mr.Negroponte'scheapcomputerismentionedinthepassageto .
A. illustratethekindnessofpeopleinthedevelopedcountries
B. telluswhathightechnologycanhelppeople
C. showhowtofindbusinessopportunitiesindevelopingcountries
D. giveanexampleofhowtohelpdevelopingcountries
（5）Whichisthebestideatheauthorgivesustohelpthedevelopingcountries?
A. Weneedtohelppeopleindevelopingcountriestohelpthemselves，notjustthrowmoneyattheproblem.
B. Weshouldspendmuchmoneyhelpingpeopleindevelopingcountriesbuildmoreschoolsandhospitals.
C. Weshouldthinkaboutgivinghelptodevelopingcountriesmoreoften.
D. Weshouldhelpthepeopleindevelopingcountriesbyimprovingchildren'seducationimmediately.
【答案】
（1）B
（2）C
（3）D
（4）D
（5）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了NicholasNegroponte发明了一种便宜的手提电脑和循环使用手机来帮助发展中国家。
（1）细节题。
根据giveitextrapowerwhenneeded.当需要的时候给它额外的能量，是通过特殊的把柄来产生能量，即通过上发条，故选B。
（2）细节题。
根据AmancalledNicholasNegroponteinventedacheaplaptopcomputer和giveitextrapowerwhenneeded.可知手提电脑是便宜的，并且有额外的能量，故选C。
（3）细节题。
根据Wewillreducethewasteweproduceandhelpothers.可知不仅降低了废弃物污染，而且帮助了发展中国家，故选D。
（4）细节题。
根据第一段Wehavetocomeupwithbetterideas.可知是帮助发展中国家更好的主意的例子，故选D。
（5）细节题。
根据第一段可知帮助发展中国家时不仅仅是提供给他们金钱，而且要通过更好的方法来让他们自己帮助自己，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
2．阅读材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
SingaSongofPeople
byLoisLenski
Singasongofpeople
Walkingfastorslow;
Peopleinthecity
Upanddowntheygo.
5 Peopleonthesidewalk,
Peopleonthebus;
Peoplepassing,passing,
Inbackandfrontofus.
Peopleonthesubway
10Underneaththeground.
Peopleridingtaxis
Roundandroundandround.
Peoplewiththeirhatson,
Goinginthedoors;
15 Peoplewithumbrellas
Whenitrainsandpours.
Peopleintallbuildings
Andinstoresbelow;
Ridingelevators
20 Upanddowntheygo.
Peoplewalkingsingly,
Peopleinacrowd;
Peoplesayingnothing,
Peopletalkingloud.
25 Peoplelaughing,smiling,
Grumpypeopletoo;
Peoplewhojusthurry
Andneverlookatyou!
Singasongofpeople
30Wholiketocomeandgo;
Singofcitypeople
Youseebutnever________!
（1）Thepoemisabouta________city.
A. beautiful B. busy C. rainy D. small
（2）InLine21,theword"singly"means________.
A. alone B. fast C. slowly D. quietly
（3）Accordingtothepoem,thebestwordfortheblankis________.
A. borrow B. throw C. know D. allow
【答案】
（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
【解析】【分析】
（1）文章大意题。
根据onthebus，在公交车上，Peoplepassing，人们路过，onthesubway，在地铁上，可知这首诗是写给在忙碌城市的人们，故选B。
（2）词义辨析题。
根据下两句Peoplesayingnothing,和Peopletalkingloud.，什么都不说和大声地说，可知诗上下两句话对应，意思相反，根据inacrowd，在人群中，可推测singly是与crowd相反的意思，alone，单独地，与crowd意思相反，符合句意，故选A。
（3）细节理解题。
A借，B扔，C了解，D允许；全诗讲述了一座忙碌城市里人们的生活，这些人来来去去，但是互相不了解，C最符合，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，这是一篇诗歌，首先通读全诗，掌握诗的意思，在阅读题目和选项，理解题目意思，从文章中寻找细节，确定答案。
3．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的几个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Whenhewasnineyearsold,AmericanboyMiloCresshadaquestion:
Howmanyplasticstraws（吸管）doAmericansuseeveryday?
Hequicklylearnedtherewasn'tasimpleanswer.Theboytriedtoworkitouthimself.Throughlotsofresearch,CressfoundoutthatAmericansuseabout500millionstrawseveryday.Inhopesofreducingplasticwaste,hefoundedtheBeStrawFreeprojectin2011.
Cressstartedtheprojectinhishometown–Burlington,Vermont.Heaskedalocalrestauranttostopofferingstrawswitheverydrinkorder.Itwasasimplechange.However,itwouldsavemoney.Andbydoingthat,therestaurantwouldcutdownonitsstrawuseby50percent.
Fortheyearsthatfollowed,CresstriedtospreadhisprojectacrosstheUnitedStates.Moreandmorerestaurantsagreedtojoin.Theystopprovidingthecustomerwithastrawunlessheorsheasksforone.LastApril,SeattlebecamethefirstAmericancitytocompletelyban（禁止）plasticstraws.
Plasticpollutionhasbeenoneofthemostseriousproblemstoday.Accordingtoscientists,morethaneightmilliontonsofplasticendupintheoceaneachyear.Plasticstrawsareespeciallyterrible.Theymakeiteasyforpeopletogetcomfortablewithsingle-useplastics.
Afterhisprojectbecamepopular,Cresstookhisfindingsontheroad.Hehassincespokentotensofthousandsofstudentsaroundtheworld.Hewantstoencouragemorepeopletosaynotoplasticstraws.
"Focusing（聚焦）onstrawsisonesimplestepweallcouldtake,"Cresssays."AnditmakesmefeelthatI,asakid,couldmakeadifference,too."
（1）WhendidMiloCressstarttocareabouttheproblemofstraws?
A. Tenyearsago.
B. Intheyear2011.
C. Intheyearthathewas9.
（2）CressstartedtheBeStrawFreeprojectinorderto .
A. getagoodscoreinscienceathisschool
B. encouragepeopletoreduceplasticwaste
C. becomeafamouspersoninhishometown
（3）WhatdidCressaskarestaurantinBurlingtontodo?
A. Stopofferingstrawstoitscustomers.
B. Preventpeoplefromusingstrawstodrink.
C. Countthenumberofstrawsituseseveryday.
（4）Plasticstrawsareespeciallyterriblebecause .
A. theyarethemostseriousproblemtoday
B. scientistspaylittleattentiontotheirinfluence
C. theyhelppeoplegetusedtousingsingle-useplastics
（5）Overtheyears,Cresshas .
①spreadhisprojectacrosstheUnitedStates
②askedSeattletocompletelybanplasticbags
③countedtheplasticstrawsintheoceaneveryyear
④spokentoteensaroundtheworldaboutplasticwaste
A. ①③
B. ②③
C. ①④
【答案】
（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
（5）C
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了塑料垃圾对环保的危害，Cress用环保吸管替代塑料吸管。
（1）细节题。
根据Whenhewasnineyearsold,AmericanboyMiloCresshadaquestion:
Howmanyplasticstraws（吸管）doAmericansuseeveryday可知9岁的时候，米洛·克里斯开始关心吸管的问题了，故选C。
（2）细节题。
根据 Inhopesofreducingplasticwaste,hefoundedthe BeStrawFree projectin2011.可知为了鼓励减少塑料垃圾，他在2011年创建了无稻草项目，故选B。
（3）细节题。
根据Heaskedalocalrestauranttostopofferingstrawswitheverydrinkorder，可知他要求当地一家餐馆停止为每一份饮料订单提供吸管，故选A。
（4）细节题。
根据Plasticstrawsareespeciallyterrible.Theymakeiteasyforpeopletogetcomfortablewithsingle-useplastics.可知塑料吸管尤其可怕。
它们让人们更容易适应一次性塑料制品，故选C。
（5）细节题。
根据CresstriedtospreadhisprojectacrosstheUnitedStates和Hehassincespokentotensofthousandsofstudentsaroundtheworld可知这些年来，克雷斯把他的项目推广到了美国，并向全世界的青少年讲述了塑料废料的问题，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。
4．阅读理解
ChineseFarmers'Harvest（收获，收割）FestivalisthefirstfestivalinChinaforfarmers.Thefestivalstartingfrom2018,fallsontheAutumnalEquinox（秋分）eachye
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