高考英语题型重组专题练1.docx

高考英语题型重组专题练1.docx

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高考英语题型重组专题练1

题型重组专题练一

（阅读理解：

生态环保类；完形：

记叙文）

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

（2016·江西重点中学盟校第一次联考）Basedonnewanalysis,wearerapidlyapproachingmajorclimatechangeandtheeffectsonsocietyandtheenvironmentcouldbequitesevere.Geographerspredictthatwithinthenexteightyyears,currentworldclimatezonescouldshiftandsomecouldcompletelydisappear.Polarregionswillgetcolderwhiletropicalregionswillgetevenhotter，forcinganimalstomigrate（迁徙）north.

Climatechangeslikethesecouldleadtothespreadofdiseases.Tropicalstormsandhurricaneswillnotonlyincreasebutmayalsobecomemoreintense.Ifthechangescometooquickly,animalandplantspeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptfastenoughandcoulddisappear.

AccordingtoScienceDaily,anewstudypredictsthatbytheyear2100，manyoftoday'sfamiliarclimateswillbereplacedbyclimatesunknownintoday'sworld.Itisurgentthatwereducetherisksofthesefarreachingconsequencesforthewholeworld.Theplanetitselfhasbeenshowingsignsofchange.In2004,aserioustsunamicreatedbyamajorearthquakekilledthousandsinSumatraandin2008,thousandsdiedinChinabecauseofanothersevereearthquake.Egyptwashitin2009withamajorearthquakeandHaitiwasdevastatedin2010byyetanothermassiveearthquake.

Withinjustthelastfewmonths,newreportsfromaroundtheworldhavebeencominginandmostagreethatourclimatesituationismuchworsethanpreviouslythought.Atthispoint,itdoesn'tmatterwhatiscausingit,butrather,whatcanbedoneaboutit.What'smore,ourworldisgettingmoreandmoreunstableeveryyear.Thereiswarandthreatofwareverywhere.Naturaldisastersarebecomingmorefrequentandserious.

However,otherplanetsareexperiencingglobalwarmingaswellasourownandsomescientistsbelievetheremaybesomeconnectionbetweenthis.Nooneknowsanythingforsureatthispointbecausethereissimplynotenoughdata.

【答案速查】　1－4　BACD

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了未来气候的变化对人和动物的生存环境的影响。

1．WhatisthemajorfunctionofParagraph1?

A．Toarousethereader'sconcern.

B．Tointroducethethemeofthewholepassage.

C．Tosummarizethewholepassage.

D．Tostatehowclimatechanges.

【解析】　推理判断题。

根据第一段第一句“Basedonnewanalysis，wearerapidlyapproachingmajorclimatechangeandtheeffectsonsocietyandtheenvironmentcouldbequitesevere.”可知，最新研究数据表明，世界的气候变化已经严重地影响了社会和环境。

而接下来的几段则是围绕气候变化对社会和环境具体的影响而展开的，由此可推知，第一段主要是介绍文章的主题。

故选B项。

【答案】　B

2．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinusingtheexamplesofearthquakes?

A．Toshowmajorchangesaretakingplaceontheplanet.

B．Toremindpeopletopreventfutureearthquakes.

C．Toshowthedamageearthquakescaused.

D．Totellusmoreearthquakeswillhappeninthefuture.

【解析】　细节理解题。

根据第三段第三句“Theplanetitselfhasbeenshowingsignsofchange.”可知，列举最近地球上所发生的地震是为了说明地球正在发生着重大变化。

故选A项。

【答案】　A

3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofclimatechanges'effects?

A．Animalandplantspeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptfastenoughandcoulddisappear.

B．Itcouldleadtothespreadofdiseases.

C．Currentworldclimatezonescouldshiftandcompletelydisappear.

D．Naturaldisastersarebecomingmorefrequentandserious.

【解析】　细节理解题。

根据第一段第二句“Geographerspredictthatwithinthenexteightyyears，currentworldclimatezonescouldshiftandsomecouldcompletelydisappear.”可知，地理学家预计在未来的八十年中，现在的世界气候带可能会改变，有的可能会完全消失，C项中说世界气候带可能会变化并会完全消失，与文中描述不符，故C项错误；根据第二段第一句“Climatechangeslikethesecouldleadtothespreadofdiseases.”可知，B项正确；根据第二段最后一句“Ifthechangescometooquickly，animalandplantspeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptfastenoughandcoulddisappear.”可知，A项正确；根据倒数第二段最后一句“Naturaldisastersarebecomingmorefrequentandserious.”可知，D项正确。

故选C项。

【答案】　C

4．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A．Animalsandplantswon'tdieoutaslongasclimatechangesslowly.

B．There'senoughdataforustopredictthefutureofclimatechange.

C．Theworldisgettingmoreunstablebecauseofanimalmigration.

D．Theearthisnottheonlyplanetthatisexperiencingclimatechange.

【解析】　推理判断题。

根据最后一段第一句“However，otherplanetsareexperiencingglobalwarmingaswellasourownandsomescientistsbelievetheremaybesomeconnectionbetweenthis.”可知，地球并不是唯一一个在经历气候变化的星球。

故选D项。

【答案】　D

B

（2016·大庆市质量检测二）AccordingtotheUNIntergovernmentalPanel（专家咨询组）onClimateChange,globaltemperatureshaverisenbyapproximately0.6℃inthepastcentury,causedmainlybyemissionsofgreenhousegasesproducedbyhumanactivities，suchastheburningoffossilfuelsanddeforestation.Temperaturesaretoincreasebetween1.6℃and5.8℃inthenextcentury,accompaniedbysealevelriseandanincreaseinthefrequencyofextremeweatherevents.

Thebestavailableevidencesuggeststhatclimatechangessincethe1970smayalreadybecausingover150,000deathsannually,andthatgreenhousegasemissionswouldincreasediseaseburdensinthecomingdecades.Therisksareconcentratedinthepoorestpopulation,whohavecontributedleasttotheproblem.

TheKyotoProtocol（京都议定书）issignedby128nations，andcommitstheparticipatingindustrializedcountriestocuttingemissionsofgreenhousegasesbyover5%below1990levelbytheperiodof20082012.

“Over600thousandpeoplediedinweatherrelateddisastersinthe1990s.Temperatureandrainfallinfluencetheratesofdiseasesandinfectionsincludingmalaria，andmalnutrition，whichtogethercauseover3.5milliondeathsayear.TheKyotoProtocolisthefirststeptowardsprotectingtheclimatesystem，whichexertssuchastronginfluenceonourhealth”，saidDrKerstinLeitner，AssistantDirectorGeneralforSustainableDevelopmentandHealthyEnvironments.

Whileactingtoreducegreenhousegasemissions,itisalsoessentialtoprotectvulnerable（脆弱的）communitiesfromtheeffectsofclimatechanges.WHOworkstopromotemeasuressuchasprotectionfrommalariaandotherclimatesensitivediseases,andreliableaccesstocleanwaterandsanitation,forpeopleinthemostvulnerabledevelopingcountries.Increasingdiseasecontroleffortswillalsohelptoprotectcurrentandfuturegenerationsfromtheimpactsofgreenhousegasemissions.

【答案速查】　5－8　DBDA

【语篇解读】　这是一篇关于气候变化的文章。

人类的某些行为导致的气候变化会危害人类自身，我们要采取必要的措施来拯救我们自己。

5．Accordingtothepassage,whatisthereasonfortheriseofglobaltemperatures?

A．Theburningoffossilfuels.

B．Theriseofsealevel.

C．Extremeweatherdisasters.

D．Theemissionsofgreenhousegases.

【解析】　细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“globaltemperatureshaverisen...emissionsofgreenhousegases”可知，D项正确。

A项是产生温室气体的行为之一，故可排除。

【答案】　D

6．Whichofthefollowingistrue?

A．Weatherrelateddisasterscausedover3.5milliondeaths.

B．Theclimatesystemhasadeepimpactonhumanhealth.

C．ThemembersoftheKyotoProtocolareallindustrializedcountries.

D．Thepoorestpopulationaretoblamebecausetheycontributeleasttotheproblem.

【解析】　细节理解题。

A项与文章第四段中的“Over600thousandpeoplediedinweatherrelateddisasters...withtogethercauseover3.5milliondeathsayear”不符；C项意为“京都议定书”成员国都是工业化的国家，与文章第三段的内容不符；D项与文章第二段的最后一句话不符。

根据第四段中的“TheKyotoProtocol...onourhealth”可知选B项。

【答案】　B

7．Inordertoprotectcommunities,WHOtakessomemeasuresexcept________.

A．preventingdiseasescausedbyclimatechanges

B．helpingtoprovidecleanwater

C．aidingtooffersanitation

D．gainingaccesstovulnerabledevelopingcountries

【解析】　细节理解题。

根据最后一段中的“suchasprotection...sanitation”和“Increasingdiseasecontrolefforts”可知A、B、C三项正确。

由“forpeopleinthemostvulnerabledevelopingcountries”可知，D项错误。

【答案】　D

8．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A．Climatechangesandtheeffectsonhumanhealth.

B．Climatechangescauseover15,000deathsannually.

C．Whopromotesmeasuressuchasprotectionfrommalaria.

D．TheKyotoProtocolhelpstoprotecthumanhealth.

【解析】　主旨大意题。

根据文章内容可知，B、C、D项均是文中某一方面的内容，比较片面，A项最能概括文章大意。

【答案】　A

Ⅱ.完形填空

（2016·青岛市高三统一质量检测）RicardoSemlerbecamebossofhisfather'sbusinessSemcoinBrazilattheageof21.Ricardoworkedlikea（an）__1__man，from7：

30amtomidnighteveryday.Oneafternoon，whilehewasvisitingafactoryinNewYork，he__2__.Thedoctortoldhimifhe__3__likethat，hewouldfindanewhomeinhospital.Semlergotthe__4__.Hechangedthewayhe__5__.Infact，hechangedthewayshis__6__worked，too.

Helethisworkerstakemore__7__sothattheywouldbetheonesworryingwhenthingswentwrong.He__8__themtosettheirownsalaries，__9__theirownworkinghoursandhecutallthejobshethoughtwere__10__，likereceptionistsandsecretaries.

Hechangedtheoffice：

__11__walls,theyhaveplantsatSemco,sobossescan't__12__themselvesawayfromeveryoneelse.Andtheworkersare__13__todecoratetheirworkspaceastheywant.

Itsoundsperfect,butdoesit__14__？

Theanswerisinthe__15__：

inthelastsixyears，Semco'srevenues（收入）have__16__from$35millionto$212million.Thecompanyhasgonefrom800employeesto3,000.Why?

Semlersaysit'sbecauseof“peerpressure”whichmakesemployeeswork__17__foreveryoneelse.Ifsomeoneisn'tdoinghisjob__18__，theotherworkerswillnotallowthe__19__tocontinue.Inotherwords,Ricardotreatshisworkerslikeadultsratherthanchildren,andexpectsthemtoactlikeresponsible__20__.Andtheydo.

【答案速查】　1－5　CABDC　6－10　BADAA

11－15　BCBDB　16－20　ACCBD

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。

作为老板，只有让团队中的每个人都能自觉主动地承担责任，形成我为人人，人人为我的氛围，才能提高团队的工作效率。

这正是Semler之所以成功的经验。

1．A.interesting　　　　　B．independent

C．madD．great

【解析】　根据空格后的“from7：

30amtomidnighteveryday”可知，他拼命工作。

故选C，意为“疯狂的”。

A项意为“令人感兴趣的”；B项意为“独立的”；D项意为“非常好的”，均不符合题意。

【答案】　C

2．A.felldownB．gaveup

C．wentoutD．gotoff

【解析】　根据下句“Thedoctortoldhim”可知，他病倒了。

故选A，意为“倒下”。

B项意为“放弃”；C项意为“熄灭，出去”；D项意为“下车，离开，出发”，均不符合题意。

【答案】　A

3．A.changedB．continued

C．droppedD．went

【解析】　根据空格后的“likethat，hewouldfindanewhomeinhospital”可知，医生的意思为：

如果他继续这样拼命下去，他会生病住院的。

故选B，意为“继续”。

A项意为“改变”；C项意为“落下，投下，放弃”；D项意为“走，去”，均不符合题意。

【答案】　B

4．A.soundB．way

C．