高考英语考点解析复习讲义及练习题阅读理解推理判断.doc

高考英语考点解析复习讲义及练习题阅读理解推理判断.doc

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2012高考英语考点解析复习讲义及练习题--阅读理解推理判断3

Passage*****************

VisitIcelandandyou'llenterawholenewregionofexperience.You'lldiscoveroriginalnatureasyou'veneverseenitbefore,andtheequallyOriginalpeopleforwhomtimelessnature,ancientheritageandmodemlifestylecoexistinharmony.ThefreedomtowanderinthecityorthewildsasyoupleaseisthekeytotheIcelandexperience.

Reykjavik,thecapitalofIceland,isjustapartoftheIcelandicexperiencewithitsmidnightsunorthemagicallandscapesmixedwithiceandfire.Reykjavikhasapopulationofaround170,000andoffersaninterestingmixofcosmopolitan（世界各地的）cultureandlocalvillageroots.

OldaccountssaytheancientgodsthemselvesguidedIceland'sfirstsettlertomakehishomeinReykjavik.HenamedtheplaceReykjavik（SteamyBay）afterthegeothermal（地热）steamhesaw,whichtodayheatshomesandoutdoorswimmingpoolsthroughoutthecity,apollution-freeenergysourcethatleavestheairoutstandinglyfresh,cleanandclear.

Abeautifulriverrunsthroughthecitylimits,andsodofineparksandevenwildoutdoorareas.Intheoutskirtsareplacesforhorsetrekkingandgolf.Butagainstthisbackclothofnature,Reykjavikhasapackedprogramoffamiliarcityjoystoo:

artmuseums,severaltheaters,anoperahouse,asymphonyorchestraandconcertsmeetingtheneedsofthewholespectrumofageandtaste.

OnemustforallvisitorsisdiningoutonIcelandicspecialities,includingdeliciousseafood,ocean-freshfromthemorning'scatch,highlandlambandunusualvarietiesofgame.Itspurelynaturalfoodimagiriativelyservedtodelightthemostdisceming（内行的）ofdiners.ReykjavikisalsofamousasoneofEurope'shottestnightspots,wheretheactiononthefriendlypubandnightlifescenelastsrightthroughthenight.Intheevening,thedowntownareafilledwithactivity,reachingitspeakonFridayorSaturday.Thenumberofpubs,cafe,discos,andothernight-spotsinthedowntownareaisastonishing.Thereisarichvarietyofplacestogo.European-stylecafes,nightclubswithliveentertainment,dancehallsforseniors,sports-themepubswithbigTVscreens,cafesthatofferover100typesofbeer,anIrishpub,aSpanishcafe,aFrenchwinebar...

Walkingdistancesareshortdowntown,andeverythingworthseeingoutsidethecitycentercanbequicklyandconvenientlyreachedbybus.Withitslong,easy-goingmainstreetandlargeshoppingmall,Iceland'scapitalisagreatplacetoshoptoowithabonusoftax-freeshoppingforvisitors!

Becarefulnotjustforsouvenirs（纪念品）（especiallywoolensandhandicrafts）butalsoforstylishconsumergoodsanddesignerlabelsatcompetitiveprices.

Afullrangeofaccommodations（住宿）isavailableinReykiavik,frominternational-standardhotelswithgoodconferencefacilities,throughsmallerhotelsandcomfortableguest-houses,toacampsiteinthecity'sbiggestpark.

1.ItcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatReykiavik_______.

A.wasnamedbytheancientgods

B.gotitsnamefromthevisitors

C.wasnamedbyIceland'sfirstsettler

D.wasnamedafterIceland'sfirstsettler

答案:

C指导：

由文中第三段第一行"Oldaccountssaytheancientgodsthemselvesguidedlceland'sfirstsettlertomakehishomeinReykiaviik．HenamedtheplaceReykiavikafterthegeothermalsteamhesaw．．．”可知C为正确选项。

2.WhilevisitingIceland,themostenjoyablethingis_______.

A.totasteitspurelynaturalfood

B.towanderfreelyinthecityorthewildsasyouplease

C.tovisitthenight-spotsthere

D.todotax-freeshopping

答案:

B指导：

由文中第一段最后一句话"ThefreedomtowanderinthecityorThewildsasyoupleaseisthekeytothelcelandexperience"可知B为最佳选项。

3.Whichofthefollowingsubjectsarementionedinthefifthparagraph?

A.Shoppingandaccommodations

B.Diningandnight-spots

C.Cityjoysandbackclothofnature

D.Transportationandlandscapes

答案:

B指导：

由第五段明显可以看出B为最佳选项，关键词是本段第一行中的diningout和第五行中的alsofamousasone

Ofeurope'shottestnightspots．

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_______.

A.allvisitorsmustdineoutwhilevisitingIceland

B.hotelaccommodationissoscarcethatvisitorsusuallycampinthecity'sbiggestparks

C.peoplelivinginReykiavikseldomgetheatfromcoal

D.youhavetowalkashortdistanceifyouwanttogosightseeingoutsidethecity

答案:

C指导：

根据全文，此处以geothermal（地热）而命名，所以人们充分利用地热而很少烧煤，故此C应该为最佳选项。

Passage****************

Governors,lawyersandbusinessleadershavetodealwithscientists,andeveryeducatedpersonfindshisviewsaffectedbyscience.Yetourscienceteachingofnon-scientists,inschoolandcollege,hasbuiltupmistakenideas,dislikes,andthecommonboast,"Ineverdidunderstandscience.'Eventhosestudentswhoarriveatcollegewithplanstobecomescientistsusuallybringamistakenpictureofscience:

somehaveacollectionofunorganizedfactsaboutscience,andsomeregardthestudyofscienceasagamewhichincludesgettingtherightanswer.

Thefirstoftheseattitudesseemstocomefromakindofcoursewhichprovidesvariouskindsofinformation;thesecond,fromatrainingcourseonhowtopassexaminationsthatdonotaskaboutthestudent'sunderstandingbutsimplyrequirehimtoputthenumbersintherightformulas（公式）.Neithertypeofcourses（inschoolorcollege）seemstogivestudentsandunderstandingofscienceaswefinditamongscientists.Neithershowsstudentshowrealscientistsworkandthinkhowthefactsaregathered,howdiscoveriesaremade,andwhattheymean.Youngpeopleneedgoodteachingofscience,notsomuchagreatwealthofknowledgeasahealthyunderstandingofthenatureofscience.Theyneedanun-derstandingofknowledgeleadingtosympathywithscienceandaneagernessofthewayscientistswork.Giventhese,itiseasytoencouragelaterreadingandlearning.

1.Oneofthereasonsthatcausemistakenideasofscienceis.

A.amistakenpictureinstudents'mind

B.theunscientificwayofteachingofscience

C.thefactthatstudentsfailtoseetheinfluence（影响）ofscience

D.thefactthatstudentshaveacollectionofunrelatedfactsaboutscience

答案:

B指导：

由文中第一段第二句"Yetourscienceteachingofnon-scientists，inschoolandincollege．．．”可知教育方式是错的，所以B为正确答案。

2.Accordingtothepassage,wecansafelysaythatthesubjectofthepassageis_______.

A.needforgoodscienceteaching

B.everyperson,includinggovernors,lawyersandbusinessleadersshouldstudyscience

C.youngpeopleshouldformacorrectattitudetoscience

D.studentsmustknowwhatscienceisandhowscientistsworkandthink

答案:

A指导：

根据文章先说明教育的失误，再分析为何不正确，最后在结尾解决问题"youngpeopleneedgoodteachingofscience．．．”。

所以A为正确答案。

3.Agoodcourseofscienceis_______.

A.toteachstudentstodothingsaccordingtoformulas

B.toprovidestudentswithallkindsofinformation

C.tohelpstudentshaveagoodunderstandingandformacorrectattitudetoscience

D.toencouragestudentstohaveagoodcommandofknowledge

答案：

C指导：

根据文中第二段中第五行"Neithertypeofcoursesseemstogivestudentsanunderstanding“science…Neithershowsstudentshowrealscientistsworkandthink．．．”可知C为最佳选项。

4.Peoplesuchasgovernors,lawyersandbusinessleadersdealwithscientistsmainlybecause_______.

A.scientistsaregreatpersons

B.scientistsmakediscoveriesandapplythemtohelppeopleliveamorecomfortable,stableandsafelife

C.theyowemuchtoscientists'contributions

D.theycanbeaffectedbyscientistswhentheyaretogether

答案：

B指导：

由文中第一段第一句"andeveryeducatedpersonfidshisviewaffectedbyscience'’可知与上一句构成并列关系，所以B为最佳选项。

Passage****************

Isitpossibletopersuademankindtolivewithoutwar?

Warisanancientpracticewhichhasexistedforatleastsixthousandyears.Itwasalwaysbadandusuallyfoolish,butinthepast,thehumanracemanagedtolivewithit.Modernclevernesshaschangedthis.EitherManwillendtheexistenceofwar,orwarwillendtheexistenceofMan.Forthepresent,itisnuclearweapons（核武器）thatcausethemostseriousdanger,butbacteriologicalorchemicalweaponsmay,beforelong,offeranevengreaterthreat.Ifwesucceededinendingtheexistenceofnuclearweapons,ourworkwillnotbedone.Itwillneverbedoneuntilwehavesucceededinendingwar.Todothis,weneedtopersuademankindtolookuponinternationalproblemsinanewwaynotascontestsofforce,inwhichthevictorygoestothesidewhichismostskillfulinkillingpeople,butbysettlinginaccordancewithagreedrulesoflaw.Itisnoteasytochangeveryoldmentalhabits,butthisiswhatmustbeattempted.

Therearethosewhosaythattheacceptanceofthisorthatideology（意识形态）wouldpreventwar.Ibelievethistobeabigmistake.Allideologiesarebasedupondogmaticstatements（强词夺理）whichare,atbest,doubtful,andatworst,totallyfalse.Theirsupportersbelieveinthemsodeeplythattheyarewillingtogotowarinsupportofthem.

Themovementofworldopinionduringthepastfewyearshasbeenverylargelysuchaswecanwelcome.Ithasbecomeacommonplacethatnuclearwarmustbeavoided.Ofcourseverydifficultproblemsremainintheworld,butthespiritinwhichtheyarecomingnearertoisabetteronethanitwassomeyearsago.Ithasbeguntobethought,evenbythepowerfulmenwhodecidewhetherweshallliveordie,thatnegotiationsshouldreachagreementsevenifbothsidesdonotfindtheseagreementswhollysatisfactory.IthasbeguntobeunderstoodthattheimportantstrugglenowadaysisnotbetweendifferentcountriesbutbetweenManandt