医学英语词根词缀大全文档格式.docx
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因中毒引起的
-ics
studyof;
nameofascience
paediatrics:
studyofchildren,theirdevelopmentanddiseases儿科学
-ine/in
substance物质
insulin：
substance（hormone）producedbytheisletsofLangerhansinthepancreas
胰岛素
-ism
processorcondition
alcoholism:
excessivedrinkingofalcoholwhichbecomesaddictive酒精中毒
-ist
onewhospecializesin
精通于……的人
pharmacologist:
adoctorwhospecializesinthestudyofdrugs药理专家
-itis
inflammationreferstoapartin
……部位的炎症
rhinitis:
inflammationofthenasalpassages
鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎
-（i）um
relationtoawhole;
relatedto
与……相关
endometrium:
innerliningoftheuter子宫内膜
-ive
characterizesby
antitussive:
adrugthatsuppressescoughing
止咳药
-let
tiny;
small
droplet:
atinydrop小滴
-ment
theresultorproductofanaction
development:
thingwhichdevelopsorisbeingdeveloped;
actionofbecomingmature
-oid
resembling;
like
像
mucoid:
resemblingmucus
粘液样的
-ole
little;
centriole:
thesmalldensestructureinthemiddleofthecentrosome
细胞中心粒；
中心体
-oma
tumor;
swellingreferstoadoer
dermatofibroma:
fibroustumoroftheskin
皮肤纤维瘤
-or/-er
eitherapersonorthing
receptor:
asensorynerveendingthatrespondstovariousstimuli感受器，受体
-ory
characterizedby;
pertainingto
suspensory:
whichishangingdown
悬吊式，悬带
-ose
sugar
fructose:
fruitssugarfoundinhoneyandsomefruit果糖
-osis
abnormalcondition
onychocryptosis:
abnormalconditionofahiddennail嵌甲
-ous
poisonous:
pertainingtopoison;
alsocontainingpoison有毒的，分泌毒素的
-somes
bodies
ribosome:
thebodyofnucleicacid核糖体
-um
structure;
thing;
substance
结构，物质
magnesium:
awhitemetallicchemicalsubstance镁（金属元素）
-y
act;
process
dystrophy:
disordercausedbydefectivenutritionormetabolism营养不良
Thefollowingisalistofthemostcommonlyusedcompoundsuffixes
-algia
pain;
painful;
condition
arthralgia:
paininajoint关节痛
--ase
enzyme
protease:
digestiveenzyme蛋白酶
-blast
embryo胚，胚胎，人类胚胎
hemocytoblast:
blastcell血胚细胞，原始血细胞
-carcinoma
malignanttumordevelopingfromconnectivetissue相关组织的恶性肿瘤
adenocarcinoma:
malignanttumordevelopingfromglandulartissue腺癌
-cele
protrusion;
distention突出；
膨胀，延伸
esophagocele:
abnormaldistentionoftheesophagus食管突出
-centesis
surgicalpuncture手术穿孔
paracentesis:
surgicalpunctureofacavityfortheaspirationoffluid穿刺术
-capnia
carbondioxide二氧化碳
acapnia:
absenceofcarbondioxide血液二氧化碳缺乏
-cide
kill
germicide:
（substance）whichcankillgerms
杀菌剂
-clast
cell
phagocyte:
cell,especiallyawhitebloodcell,whichcansurroundanddestroyothercells噬菌细胞
-dynia
pain
glossodynia:
paininthetongue舌痛
-ectasia/
-ectasis
expansion;
dilation（膨胀，扩张）
atelectasis:
incompleteexpansionofthelungsatbirth肺不张
-ectomy
surgicalexcisionorremovalof
gastrectomy:
surgicalremovalofthestomach胃切除术
-edema
excessiveaccumulationofserousfluid水肿
myxoedema:
conditioncausedwhenthethyroidglanddoesnotproduceenoughthyroidhormone粘液腺瘤病，粘液水肿
-emia
bloodcondition
leukemia:
anyofseveralmalignantdiseaseswhereanabnormalnumberofleucocytesformintheblood白血病
-emesis
vomiting呕吐
hematemesis:
thevomitingofblood咯血；
吐血
-gen
somethingthatproducedorprouduces
pathogen:
amicroorganismoragentcapableofproducingdisease病菌，病原体
-genesis
production生产
spermatogenesis:
formationanddevelopmentofspermatozoainthetestes精子发生
-globin
protein蛋白质
hemoglobin:
aniron-containingproteinproducedbyerythrocytes血红素
-gnosis
knowledge
diagnosis:
theprocessofidentifyingthenatureorpresenceofadiseasethroughknowledgeandexamination
-gram
image;
picture
electrocardiogram:
agraphicrecordoftheelectricalactivityofheartmuscleorheartbeatusedinthediagnosisofheartdisease.
Abbr.ECGandEKG.Syn.cardiogram
心电图
-graph（y）
processofrecording
记录过程
electocardiography:
theprocessofmakingorrecordingelectrocardiograms.Syn.cardiography心电图记录
-iasis
state
情况，状况
cholelithiasis:
theformationofgallstones胆石症
-iatry/
-iatrics
healing,frequentlyreferstoabranchofmedicine康复，常指医学的一个分支
podiatry:
treatmentoffootdisorders
足部医疗
-lith
stone
cholelith:
agallstone;
astoneformedinthegallbladder胆结石
-logy
thestudyof
cytology:
thesciencestudyofcells细胞学
-logist
onewhostudiesandtreats
urologist:
aphysicianwhospecializesinthepracticeofurology泌尿科医生
-lysis
breakdown,destruction
hemolysis:
thedestructionorbreakdownofredbloodcellswithreleaseofhemoglobin溶血
-malacia
softening
osteomalacia:
softeningofbone骨软化
-mania
extremecompulsionorpreoccupation强迫症
kleptomania:
amorbid,uncontrollablecompulsiontosteal盗窃癖
-megaly
giant
acromegaly:
aconditioninwhichthereisanenlargementofthefacialbonesaswellasthoseofthelungs肢端肥大症
-metry/
-meter
measurement
spirometry:
measurementofthevolumeofairinhaledandexhaledortheaircapacityofthelungs肺（活）量测定（法）,呼吸量测定（法）
-odynia
cardiodynia:
painintheheartregion心痛，胸痛
-one
hormone荷尔蒙，激素
parathormone:
whichregulatescalciumbalanceamongtheblood,bones,andteeth甲状旁腺激素
-opia
adefectintheeye眼睛的毛病
myopia:
beingshort-sighted近视
-opsy
toview
biopsy:
excisionoflivetissueformicroscopicdiagnosis活检
morbidcondition病态的
sclerosis:
abnormalhardening硬化症
-osmia
smell
anosmia:
lossofthesenseofsmell嗅觉丧失
-ostomy
processofmakinganopeningintooraconnectionbetween
造瘘
gastrostomy:
surgicalconstructionofanopeningfromthesurfaceoftheabdomenintothestomach胃造口术
-oxia
levelofoxygen氧水平
hypoxia:
alowoxygenleveloralackofoxygeninbodytissues组织缺氧
-pathy
disease;
diseasedcondition
ophthalmopathy:
anyeyedisease眼病
-penia
deficiency
leukopenia:
deficiencyofleukocytesintheblood.Syn.leukocytopenia白细胞减少症
-pepsia
digestion
eupepsia:
gooddigestion消化良好
--pexy
afixingorsettingfirmlyinplacebysuturing缝合固定
hepatopexy:
surgicalfixationofadisplaceliver肝固定术
-phagia/phagy
eating;
swallowing吃，吞咽
dysphagia:
difficultyinswallowing吞咽困难
-phil
attraction吸引，具有吸引力的事物
basophil:
typeofleucocyteorwhitebloodcellwhichcontainsgranules嗜碱性粒细胞
-phobia
fear
xenophobia:
irrationalfearofstrangers对外国人的恐惧，憎恶
-plasia
formation;
development
hyperplasia:
overdevelopmentorenlargementofanorganortissue增生，数量型肥大
-phonia
voice
dysphonia:
difficultyinspeaking发声困难
-plasm
growthorsubstanceofformation
cytoplasm:
jellysubstanceinthecell细胞浆
-plasty
surgicalrepair
osteoplasty:
surgicalrepairofthebone骨整形术，骨成形术
--plegia
stroke;
paralysis中风
thermoplegia:
heatorsunsrtoke热射病
-pnea
breathing
eupnea:
normalbreathing呼吸正常，平静呼吸
--ptosis
afalling,thedroppingorsaggingofanorgan器官下移
hepatoptosis:
abnormallylowpositionoftheliver肝下垂
-ptysis
spitting分散
melanoptysis:
spittingofthespleen黑色痰液;
咳黑痰
-poiesis
production
hemopoiesis:
productionofbloodcells造血作用，生血作用
-rrhage/
-rrhagia
burstingforthofblood出血
menorrhagia:
veryheavybleedingduringmenstruation月经过多
-rrhaphy
surgicalsewingorsuturing
splenorrhaphy:
sutureofthespleen脾修补术
-rrhea
overflow
hydrorrhea:
waterydischarge液溢
-（o）rrhexis
splittingorrupture撕裂，破裂，疝气
amniorrhexis:
ruptureoftheamnioticac
羊膜破裂
-sarcoma
malignanttumordevelopingfromconnectivetissue
liposarcoma:
malignanttumorcontainingfat
脂肪肉瘤
-schesis
aholdingback;
suppressionofdischarge阻碍；
抑制排放
uroschesis:
suppressionofurine闭尿，尿潴留
-sclerosis
ahardening
dermatosclerosis:
hardeningoftheskin硬皮病
-scope
instrumentforviewing
stethoscope:
aninstrumentforperformingmedicateausculation听诊器
-scopy
processofexaminingvisually
hepatoscopy:
examinationoftheliver肝检查
-spasm
involuntarycontraction
angiospasm:
suddencontractionofthemusclesinabloodvessel血管痉挛
-stasis
suppression;
stoppage;
control;
arrest抑制，中止
hemostasis:
thearrestofbleeding
止血，止血法
-stenosis
abnormalnarrowingofaductorcanal管、道德异常狭窄
laryngostenosis:
abnormalnarrowingofthelarynx喉狭窄
-stomy
surgicalopeningtotheoutsideofthebody造口
colostomy:
surgicaloperationtomakeanopeningfromthecolon结肠造口术
-tention
pressure
hypertention:
highbloodpressure高血压
-therapy
treatment
physiotherapy:
treatmentofdiseasebyphysicalmeans物理疗法
--tion
process
hospitalization:
theprocessofbeinghosipitalized住院
-tocia
labor;
birth生产
embryotocia:
abortion流产
-tome
toolforincision
arthrotome:
instrumentforcuttingajoint关节刀
-tomy
processofcuttinginto
gastrotomy:
incisionofthestomach胃切开术
-tropia
turning转弯，变向
esotropia:
turninginwardoftheeye内斜视
-trophy
nourishmentordevelopmentofanorgan器官的营养、发育
disordercausedbydefectivenutritionormetabolism营养不良
-uria
aconditionoftheurine（小便）
dysuria:
difficultlyinpassingurine排尿困难
-version
turning
eversion:
aturningoutward外翻，翻转
Hereisatableofthemostcommonlyusedprefixes
Prefix
a-/an-
without;
not
aphasia:
theinabilitytounderstandwrittenorspokenwordsortospeakmeaning
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