教案第七章.docx
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教案第七章
ChapterSevern
ChinaraisesfinancialstatusatG20
BEIJING--Afteramerefour-and-a-halfhours,worldleadersattheG20summitinLondondecidedtodevoteaboutUS$1trilliontosupportingworldeconomicgrowthandtrade,anoutcomethatsurprisedmanyanalystswithitsscale.
Butinthatscanttime,Chinahadachancetoshowcaseitsgrowingimportanceintheworldeconomy.ChinasaiditwouldcontributeUS$40billiontotheInternationalMonetaryFund's(IMF)increasedfinancingcapacity.That'sonlyasmallportionofthetotal,butitcouldtakeChina'sIMFvotingrightsto3.997percentfrom3.807percent.
China'snewvotingsharewouldstillfarbehindthatoftheUnitedStates,whichisfirstwithabout17percent.
However,sincemanycountries'votingsharesintheIMFarewellunder1percent,anyincrementalchangegivesamemberjustalittleextrasayintheworkingsofthemultilateralorganization.AndsothepotentialchangeisasmallsteptowardChina'sgoalofhavingmoreinfluenceonhowtheIMF,andtheworldfinancialsystem,operates.
HIGHERFINANCIALSTATUS
Full coverage:
G20FinancialSummit
Relatedreadings:
China:
G20summitboostsconfidence
G20LondonSummit
G20leaderseyemoreIMFfunds,tighterrules
G20togive$1trilliontoIMF,WorldBank
EconomistssaidChina'sproposedcontributionofUS$40billionwasinlinewithitscurrentdevelopmentlevelandwouldmeanamoreinfluentialvoiceforBeijingininternationalfinancialinstitutionsandinshapingtheworldeconomicorder.
"China'spromiseofextrafundingwasacontributiontotheworldeconomyandshowcasedthecountry'sclout,"saidZhaoJinping,aneconomistwiththeStateCouncil's(cabinet's)DevelopmentResearchCenter.
TangMin,deputysecretarygeneraloftheChinaDevelopmentResearchFoundation,saidthecountry'svotingrightsandquotaofcontributionstomultilateralbodiesstillfellshortofitsstatusastheworld'sthird-biggesteconomy.
HesaidChinawouldfurtherstepupitscontributions,andinfluence,asitseconomicpowergrewandreformsoftheinternationalfinancialsystemwentforward.
Zhaosaiditwaspartofalong-termtrendfordevelopingcountrieslikeChinatohavemoreinfluenceindecision-makingatinternationalfinancialinstitutions,notingthatthe"obsoletemechanismandstructureofworldfinancialorganizations"failedtoreflectanevolvingworldeconomy.
BritishspecialG20envoyMarkMalloch-BrownwasquotedintheChinaSecuritiesJournalonThursdayassayingthatanoverhauloftheworldfinancialsystemshouldstartwithinternationalfinancialinstitutionsandreformingtheIMFmeantChina'svoicemustbebigger.
TheG20leaders'statementwasa"positivesignal"inthatitgaveatimetableforreformingtheIMFandtheWorldBank,saidZhangBin,anexpertwiththeInstituteofWorldEconomicsandPoliticsattheChineseAcademyofSocialSciences,agovernmentthinktank.
ZhaosaidChina'sobligationstointernationalfinancialinstitutionsshouldreflectnotjustthecountry'ssizebutalsothefactthatChinaisstilladevelopingcountry.
HeurgedChinatoexpanditsinfluencebyactivelyjoiningmultilateralorregionaldialoguesandofferingmoreproposalsoninternationalissues.
"Itshouldbeastep-by-stepprocessforChinatoshouldermoreresponsibility.Itcan'tbeaccomplishedinjustonemove,"saidZhao.
LONGROADTOREFORM
Beit"aturningpoint,"asUSPresidentBarackObamastated,or"anewworldorder,"asBritishPrimeMinisterGordonBrownclaimed,theG20summitwasamajorstepinreshapingtheglobalfinancialsystem,buttherewasstillfartogo,Chineseeconomistssaid.
"ChinashouldseektoexpanditsIMFquotaandvotingrightsfurtherafterthesummit.Althoughthestatementgiveatimetableforreform,itremainsunclearwhetherthegoalcanbeachievedbecausethatwouldaffecttheinterestsoftheUnitedStatesandtheEuropeanUnion,"saidMeiXinyu,aresearcheratChina'sMinistryofCommerce.
Full coverage:
G20FinancialSummit
Relatedreadings:
China:
G20summitboostsconfidence
G20LondonSummit
G20leaderseyemoreIMFfunds,tighterrules
G20togive$1trilliontoIMF,WorldBank
TheG20statementreadsinpart:
"WecommittoimplementingthepackageofIMFquotaandvoicereformsagreedinApril2009andcallontheIMFtocompletethenextreviewofquotasbyJanuary2011."
"Ontheonehand,ChinacouldcountontheIMFrestructuring,andontheotherhand,itmaystartagainsomewhereelse.Forinstance,itcanpushforwardtheestablishmentofthe120-billion-US-dollarreservepoolagreedbyseveralEastAsiancountries,"Meisaid.
Leadersofthe10membersoftheAssociationofSoutheastAsianNationsplusChina,JapanandtheRepublicofKoreaagreedlastmonthtospeedupthecreationofaforeign-exchangereservepoolof120billionUSdollarstoaddressliquidityshortages.
Meidescribedthepoolasan"AsianMonetaryFund,"sayingitcouldpartlyreplacetheIMFinAsiaandhelpincreaseuseoftheChinesecurrencyininternationaltrade.
Anothergovernmenteconomist,WangXiaoguang,saidtheagreementservedasafoundationformoreconcretepoliciestotackletheglobaldownturnandthiswouldbegoodforglobalstabilityandChina'sowneconomicrecovery.
Wangaddedthatitwasunrealistictochangetheglobalfinancialorderimmediately,becauseitwouldcauseconflictsamongmajoreconomies.
"Theywillreworkthecurrentsystemratherthanintroduceanewone,"hesaid.
ZhuangJian,aneconomistattheAsianDevelopmentBank,saidthebiggestchallengewashowtoimplementthosecommitments.Chinashouldcloselymonitortheimplementationoftheagreementanddecidewhetheritsshort-termobjectivescouldberealized.
"China'sappealswillbediscussedafterthesummit,"hesaid,referringtofinancialmarketreformandthepositionofemergingcountriesintheinternationalfinancialsystem.
"Ithinkthecountrywillhaveabiggersayintheglobalfinancialsystem.ButtheG20summitisjustaforum,andiftheglobaleconomyworsens,theagreementmightendupasnothingmorethanwords,"hesaid.
China'sIndependentForeignPolicyofPeace
2003/08/18
Chinaunswervinglypursuesanindependentforeignpolicyofpeace.ThefundamentalgoalsofthispolicyaretopreserveChina'sindependence,sovereigntyandterritorialintegrity,createafavorableinternationalenvironmentforChina'sreformandopeningupandmodernizationconstruction,maintainworldpeaceandpropelcommondevelopment.Themaincontentofthispolicyincludes:
1.Chinahasallalongadheredtotheprincipleofindependence.Withregardtoalltheinternationalaffairs,Chinawill,proceedingfromthefundamentalinterestsoftheChinesepeopleandthepeopleoftheworld,determineitsstandandpolicyinthelightofthemeritsanddemeritsofthematter,withoutyieldingtoanyoutsidepressure.Chinadoesnotformanalliancewithanybigpowerorgroupofbigpowers.NordoesChinaestablishmilitarygroupswithothercountries,orengageinarmsraceandmilitaryexpansion.
2.Chinaopposeshegemonismandpreservesworldpeace.Chinabelievesthatallcountries,bigorsmall,strongorweak,richorpoor,areequalmembersoftheinternationalcommunity.Countriesshouldresolvetheirdisputesandconflictspeacefullythroughconsultationsandnotresorttotheuseorthreatofforce.Norshouldtheyinterfereinothers'internalaffairsunderanypretext.Chinaneverimposesitssocialsystemandideologyonothers,norallowsothercountriestoimposetheirsonit.
3.Chinaactivelyfacilitatestheestablishmentofanewinternationalpoliticalandeconomicorderthatisfairandrational.Chinaholdsthatthenewordershouldgiveexpressiontothedemandsofthedevelopmentofhistoryandprogressofthetimesandreflecttheuniversalaspirationsandcommoninterestsofthepeoplesofallthecountriesintheworld.TheFivePrinciplesofPeacefulCoexistenceandtheuniversallyrecognizednormsgoverninginternationalrelationsshouldserveasthebasisforsettingupthenewinternationalpoliticalandeconomicorder.
4.Chinaisreadytoestablishanddevelopfriendlyrelationsofcooperationwithallthecountriesonthebasisofmutualrespectforsovereigntyandterritorialintegrity,mutualnon-aggression,mutualnon-interferenceineachother'sinternalaffairs,equalityandmutualbenefit,andpeacefulcoexistence.
ItisanimportantcomponentofChina'sforeignpolicytoactivelydevelopgood-neighborlyrelationsoffriendshipwiththesurroundingcountries.Chinahasresolvedproblemsleftoverbyhistorywiththeoverwhelmingmajorityofneighboringcountries.AndChina'smutuallybeneficialcooperationwithitsneighborshaswitnessedavigorousdevelopment.
ItisthefundamentalstandingpointofChina'sforeignpolicytostrengthenitssolidarityandcooperationwithnumerousdevelopingcountries.Chinaandthesecountriessharecommonhistoricexperiencesandarefacedwiththecommontasksofpreservingnationalindependenceandachievingeconomicdevelopment.Therefore,theircooperationhasasolidfoundationandabroadprospect.
Chinasetsstorebyimprovinganddevelopingitsrelationswithdevelopedcountries.Itadvocatesthatcountriesshouldsurmounttheirdifferencesinsocialsystemandideology,respectoneanother,seekcommongroundandshelvedifferencesandenhancetheirmutuallybeneficialcooperation.Theirdisputesshouldbeappropriatelysolvedthroughdialogueonthebasisofequalityandmutualrespect.
5.Chinapursuesapolicyofall-dimensionalopeninguptotheoutside.Itisreadytodevelop,onthebasisofequalityandmut