高考英语阅读理解的综合题试题含答案解析Word下载.docx
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"
Therearemanywarmemorialsinthechurch,"
saysthechurch."
Howeverthe'
JohnAllenwindow'
standsout;
ittouchespeoplebecauseofthebeautifuldesign,theNewZealandbirdsandbecauseJohn'
sstory,ofalifesofullofpromiseendingtragicallyinthewar,reflectsthelivesandstoriesofsomanyothersinvolvedinWorldWarI."
（1）Whatdoestheword"
portrays"
inparagraph2mostprobablymean?
A.
Starts.
B.
Changes.
C.
Treasures.
D.
Represents.
（2）SirJamesAllenbuiltthe"
to______________.
A.celebratetheendofWorldWarI
B.honorthetroopsintheGallipolicampaign
C.rememberhisson'
ssacrificetothecountry
D.showthefamily'
sclosetieswiththechurch
（3）Whatmightbethemainthemeofthepicturesonthewindow?
A.Freedomandequality.
B.Peaceandwar.
C.Humanandnature.
D.Marriageandfamily.
（4）Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.ABraveSoldier
B.WindowonaLife
C.CrueltyoftheWar
D.AGrandChurch
【答案】
（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一所教堂中一个被称为"
约翰·
艾伦之窗"
的窗户，上面描绘了一位当地人约翰·
艾伦的短暂生命。
这是约翰的父亲为了纪念他的儿子为国家做出的牺牲而绘制的，主题体现了战争与和平。
（1）考查词义猜测。
根据第二段中的“theshortlifeofalocalman,JohnAllen,whodiedin1915intheGallipolicampaigninTurkey.可知被称为“JohnAllenwindow”的一扇窗户描绘了当地男子JohnAllen短暂的一生，他于1915年在土耳其的加里波利战役中牺牲。
可知portrays意思为“描绘”，故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“Withthewaroverandhissondead,SirJameschosetoinstallawindowinthechurch,withwhichtheAllenfamilyhadstrongties.”随着战争的结束和他儿子的去世，SirJames选择在教堂里安装了一扇窗户，艾伦家族与这扇窗户有着密切的联系。
可知SirJamesAllen建造了“JohnAllenwindow”，以纪念他的儿子为国家做出的牺牲。
故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。
根据倒数第二段中的“Dividedintotwoparts,onedepictsSt.George,thepatronsaintofsoldiers，whiletheotherhasanangelofpeace,alongwiththewordsatthebottom,“JohnHughAllGallipoli,6thJune,1915”.”绘画分为两部分，一部分描绘了士兵的守护神圣乔治，另一部分描绘了和平天使，最下面写着“JohnHughAllGallipoli，1915年6月6日”。
可推知窗里的画的主题应当为战争与和平。
故选B。
（4）考查主旨大意。
根据第二段“Aswithmanychurches,itswallsaregracedwithacollectionofbeautifulstained-glasswindows.Knownasthe“JohnAllenwindow”,onewindowportraystheshortlifeofalocalman,JohnAllen,whodiedin1915intheGallipolicampaigninTurkey.”与许多教堂一样，它的墙壁上装饰着一系列美丽的彩色玻璃窗。
一个窗子被称为"
，上面描绘了一位当地人约翰·
艾伦的短暂生命，他于1915年在土耳其的加利波利战役中去世。
）以及文章主要内容为描述这个玻璃窗画背后的故事，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
Thenegative（负面的）healtheffectsofsleepshortagesduringtheweekcan'
tbechangedbymarathonweekendsleepsessions,accordingtoanewstudy.
Researchershavelongknownthatroutinesleepdeprivation（缺乏）cancauseweightgainandincreaseotherhealthrisks,includingdiabetes.ButtherearestillsomepeoplewhohopethatshuttingoffthealarmonSaturdayandSundaywillrepaytheweeklysleepdebtandremoveanyilleffects.
Theresearch,publishedinCurrentBiology,ruinsthosehopes.Despitecompletefreedomtosleepinandnapduringaweekendrecoveryperiod,participantsinasleeplaboratorywhowerelimitedtofivehoursofsleeponweekdaysgainednearlythreepoundsovertwoweeksandexperiencedmetabolicdisruption（代谢紊乱）thatwouldincreasetheirriskfordiabetesoverthelongterm.Whileweekendrecoverysleephadsomebenefitsafterasingleweekofinadequatesleep,thosegainswerewipedoutwhenpeoplereturnedrighttotheirsamesleepschedulethenextMonday.
"
Iftherearebenefitsofcatch-upsleep,they'
regonewhenyougobacktoyourroutine.It'
sveryshort-lived,"
saidKennethWright,wholedtheresearch."
Thesehealtheffectsarelong-term.It'
skindoflikesmokingoncewas—peoplewouldsmokeandwouldn'
tseeanimmediateeffectontheirhealth,butpeoplewillsaynowthatsmokingisnotahealthylifestylechoice.Ithinksleepisintheearlystageofwheresmokingusedtobe."
Wrightsaidthatthestudysuggestspeopleshouldprioritizesleep—cuttingouttheoptional"
sleepstealers"
suchaswatchingtelevisionshowsorspendingtimeonelectronicequipment.Evenwhenpeopledon'
thaveachoiceaboutlosingsleepduetochild-careresponsibilitiesorjobschedules,theyshouldthinkaboutprioritizingsleepinthesamewaytheywouldthinkaboutahealthydietorexercise.
（1）Whathadtheresearchersalreadyknownbeforedoingthenewresearch?
Theactualbenefitsofweekendrecoverysleep.
Harmtohealthcausedbythelackofroutinesleep.
People'
shabitofshuttingoffthealarmduringholidays.
Therelationshipbetweenbodyweightandsleepamount.
（2）KennethWrightmentionedsmokingto_________.
callonsmokerstocompletelyabandonsmoking
advisepeopletogotosleepwhentheywanttosmoke
showpeoplehaveknowntheharmbroughtbysmoking
showpeoplewillsomedaynoticethebadeffectsofsleepdeprivation
（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"
prioritize"
probablymean?
A.Havealowopinionofsomething.
B.Increasetheamountofsomething.
C.Cutdownsomethingthatisn'
tnecessaryanymore.
D.Treatsomethingasbeingmoreimportantthanothers.
（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.WeekendCatch-upSleepIsaLie
B.BadSleepHabitsAreHarmfultoHealth
C.ANewStudyHasanUnexpectedDiscovery
D.AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofCatch-upSleep
【答案】
（1）B
（2）D
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者通过一项研究与对比举例的方法让大家明白周末马拉松式的“补觉”并不能扭转工作日睡眠不足对健康的负面影响。
人们应该把睡眠放在优先地位。
（1）考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“Researchershavelongknownthatroutinesleepdeprivation（缺乏）cancauseweightgainandincreaseotherhealthrisks,includingdiabetes”研究人员很早就知道长期的睡眠缺乏会导致体重增加和像糖尿病这样的健康风险，可知，人们很早就知道长期睡眠不足会给身体带来的危害。
（2）考查推理判断。
根据第四段中KennethWright说的最后两句话可知：
长期睡眠不足给健康造成的危害是长期的，就像曾经的抽烟习惯一样——人们抽烟，没有看到立即的效应，但是现在人们会说抽烟是不健康的生活方式。
睡眠不足就像是早期的抽烟一样。
也就是说作者用这个比喻是想让大家知道终究会有一天人们会注意到睡眠不足带来的坏处。
故选D。
（3）考查词义猜测。
划线单词后有一个破折后，起解释说明的作用。
由破折后的句意：
减少不必要的“睡眠小偷”式行为，比如看电视节目或者花时间在电子设备上。
可知，我们需要把睡眠放在优先的地位。
也就是说要把睡眠看的比看电视节目、看电子设备等等这些行为更重要。
第一段就说明了文章中心。
第一段段意为：
一项发人深省的新研究表明，周末马拉松式的“补觉”并不能扭转工作日睡眠不足对健康的负面影响。
也就是说周末的补觉是一个谎言。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
Ispendhalfofmylifewithmymotherandtheotherhalfwithmyfather.Myfatherliveswithatwenty-poundcatnamedTofu.Hecallsmehisfavoritedaughter.Iamanonlychild.
Myfather'
sapartmentisquitedifferentfromanyotherperson'
slivingspace.Exceptformyroom,thereisnofurniture.Hedoesn'
tlikesofasoranycomfortablechairs,sohehasonlyadrawingtable,adeskandhisbed.Hespendsalotoftimelyingonthestudiofloor.That'
showhethinks,hesays.Thenhedoesyoga
Hehasabigkitchen,andontopoftherefrigeratorisanoldclockhewindseveryweekforgoodluck.Thelasttimetheclockstopped,myfather'
scarwastowed（被警察拖走）andsomeotherterriblethingshappened,sohehasbecomeverysuperstitious（迷信的）.Whenhegoesoutoftown,hehiressomeonetofeedTofuandwindtheclocksoitwon'
tstop.
Theonethinghehasplentyofishouserules.Youhavetotakeoffyourshoeswhenyoucomein.Hewon'
tallowanyonewhowearsabaseballcapintohishouse.Hesaysonlybaseballplayersshouldwearbaseballcapsandonlythecatchersshouldwearthembackward.EverytimeIgotostayinhishouse,hemakesupanewrule."
Houserulenumber579,notelevisionprogramswithlaughtracks!
hewillsay.Butthenbecanneverrememberthenumbers,sotheychangeconstantly.
Therulethathealwaysenforcesistheonethatrequiresmetowriteatwo-pageessayanytimeIwantsomething.Hedidn'
tspeakEnglishuntilhewassixteen,andhehadahardtimelearningtowriteit,sohewantsmetobecomeagoodwriteratanearlyage.Thisritual（仪式）startedwhenIaskedhimifIcouldhavemyearspiercedwhenIwasnine.HesaiditwasverycruelandtoldmeIcouldn'
tdoituntilIwasthirty-five.Butlkeptaskinghim,andhefinallysaidthatifIwroteanessayandIcouldpersuadehiminwritingwhyIwantedholesinmyears,maybehewouldsayokay.Iwrotemyfirstessayformyfather,andafteronemonthofwritingandrewriting,hefinallygavemehispermission.
（1）Whatisunusualaboutthefather'
sapartment?
A.Ithasalargekitchen.
B.Thefatherdoesyogaathome.
C.Itisscarcelyfurnished.
D.Thefatherspendsalotoftimeonthefloor.
（2）Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofthehouserules?
A.SomeoneishiredtofeedTofu.
B.Youcan'
twearshoesinthehouse.
C.Baseballplayersarenotallowedintotheapartment.
D.Thewritercan'
twatchtelevi
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