611基础英语Word下载.docx

611基础英语Word下载.docx

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I.Paraphrase（20points,2pointseach）;

writeyouranswerontheanswersheet.

1.Seriouslookingmenspoketooneanotherasiftheywereobliviousofthecrowdsaboutthem.

2.Shethinkshersisterhasheldlifealwaysinthepalmofonehand.

3.TheDuchessofCroydon-----threecenturiesofinbredarrogancebehindher----didnotyieldeasily.

4.Thewidestbenefitsoftheelectronicrevolutionwillaccruetotheyoung.

5.MarkTwainwasalsoamanwhobecameobsessedwiththefrailtiesofthehumanrace.

6.Heisherebecauseignoranceandbigotryarerampant.

7.Everywhitemantherehadthisthoughtstowedsomewhereorotherinhismind.

8.Outofthemeltingpotemergesaracewhichhatesbeautyasithatestruth.

9.Allareexpressionsofthecreativetransformationofnaturebyman’sreasonandskill

10.Withaclamorofbellsthatsettheswallowssoaring,theFestivalofSummercametothecityofOmela,bight-toweredbythese.a.

II.VocabularyandGrammar（20points,1pointeach）

DecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

1.Heknewtheinformationcouldbeofhelpto______tookoverthejob.

A.anyoneB.thoseC.whoeverD.theperson

2.YesterdayIboughtthisbook______threedollars.

A.forB.atC.withD.in

3.________mucheffort,hestillfailedtopasshisdrivingtest.

A.AgainstB.ThoughC.DespiteD.With

4.Somepeopleareundertheimpressionthat______tomakeagoodfishermanistheabilitytotelllieseasilyandwithoutblushing;

butthisisamistake.

A.allisrequiredB.allarerequired

C.allthatisrequiredD.allrequiredis

5._______tothatbookisadisadvantage.

A.TheretobenoindexB.Therenottobeanyindex

C.TherebeingnoindexD.Therebeingnotindex

6.Wecheerasaracecardriverpowers_______aturnandhead______thefinishline.

A.around…toB.through…forC.about…forD.across…toward

7.It’snot_______thatpeopleformopinionsofyoubasedatleastpartly_______thewayyouspeakandwrite.

A.surprised…inB.surprising…on

C.beingsurprising…fromD.surprising…by

8._______,thereareahandfulofeventsuponwhichmostfanswillbefocusingtheirinterestandtheirbinoculars.

A.BesureB.BeingsureC.TobesureD.It’ssure

9.Thesettingwasaminorleaguetownwhere,_______justlikeit,baseballisbeingrediscoveredonafolklevelandwritersgettothrowoutthefirstball.

A.asmanytownsB.inasmanyastowns

C.asinmanyatownD.asmanyastowns

10.HeaswellasI_______ajobberinthestockbrokingfirm.

A.isB.amC.areD.were

11.Attheheadofthevalleyweturnedrightand_______thesummit.

A.madeforB.wentforC.setupD.tookup

12.Wemust_______allhopeofreachingourproductiontargetthisyear.

A.releaseB.retractC.resignD.abandon

13.Tosaythatsoldierfoughtinbattlelikelionmaybedescriptive_______,butitdoesnotmeanthathewasonallfours,roaringandwagginghistail.

A.anodeB.analogueC.analogyD.analytic

14.InWorldWarIItheAlliessufferedalong_______ofdefeatsbeforetheyfinallyachievedvictory.

A.successionB.compressionC.suppressionD.streamline

15.Johnmade_______keysforthehouse:

oneforhiswifeandoneforhimself.

A.deviateB.duplicateC.dozenD.deliberate

16.Heshookhandswithhis_______beforethematch.

A.oppositionB.opponentC.contestantD.competitor

17.Hewrotethetextbookin________withhisbrother.

A.harmonyB.collaborationC.unionD.connection

18.Aphilanthropistmay,duringhislifetime,establisha（n）_______forscholarshipatauniversity.

A.bequestB.legacyC.endeavourD.endowment

19.Hebracedhimselfforthe_______ofaneveningspentwithhismother-in-law.

A.dangersB.threatsC.hazardsD.menaces

20.Ascientist_______judgementandrefrainsfromdrawingconclusionsuntilallthefactsareknown.

A.suspendsB.delaysC.adjournsD.defers

III.Fillineachblankwithonesuitableword（20points,1pointeach）;

Welive1anageofchangeandmobility.Thepersonwhohashadthesamejobfortwentyyearsandhaslivedinsamehouseforthattimemayhave

2___understandingmythoughtsexpressedhere.

UntilIwas15yearsoldIlivedinRochester,N.Y.DuringthattimeI3___threeelementaryschools,onejuniorhighschoolandonehighschool.MylasttwoyearsofhighschoolwereinMiamiBeach.IthenattendedalargestateuniversityforfouryearstoearnmyB.A.,followedbyfour4yearsataseconduniversitywhereIearnedmyPh.D.Ispentnomore5foreyearsatanyoftheseeightschools.Iamemployedinmythirdmajorjob.Ilefttheother6voluntarilyafterthreeyearseachandwentontosomethingnew.NowaftertwoyearsinmypresentpositionI’mactivelyconsideringwhatshouldcomenext.

Everythinghascomeintwo-,three-7four-yearcycles.Norootshere,norootsthere.Upwardmobilityisthetheme.What’snext,what’srighttogetthere,thinkingmoreofthefuturethanthe8…

Iwasanexcellentstudentinschool;

.MyPhiBetaKappakeyremindsmethatIplayed9mostoftherules.Irealizenow,10manypeopledo,thatmostofthebooklearninghasslippedmymind,11themessagesgivenbytheteachersallthoseyearsstillringloudandstrong.Elementaryschoolprepareyouforjuniorhighschool.Juniorhighschoolprepareyouforhighschool,soonandsoforth.Ifyouworkhardenough12thefirstjob,thesecondjobwilloffermoreprestige,powerandpay.Youwouldgetintotheendlesscycleofaprosperousandworthwhilelife.

Nowasaneducator,Ihavebecomeclosefriends13manyofmypaststudents.Theirlivestooarespentintwo-,three-orfour-yearcycles.Theytooarespreadall14NorthAmerica.

Needlessto15,I’mnotsurethatIwanttochangemylife-style.IhaveanadvantagethatreportedlyamajorityofAmericansdonot16:

Ilikemywork..Eachchangeofjobshasbeenstimulatingandhascausedmetogrowasaperson.Iamaway17myextendedfamily,butIspendalotoftimewithmynuclearfamilyandfindmyrelationshipwithmywifeandthreechildrento

18___veryrewarding.Ihavemadefriendsallalongtheway.Ihavehatedtoleaveanyofthem,butIhaveenjoyedwatchinguschangeandgrowwitheachmoveandwitheachnewgroupoffriends.Lifeisalearningprocessandbylivingina19ofplacesintheU.S.Ihavecometorecognizeandappreciatethepluralismwithinthiscountry.Also,intellectuallyatleast,IallowmyselftothinkthatIam20ofafreethinker,apersonwhowilltakerisksandstatehisviewsevenifithappenstoendangerhisjobsecurity;

Ipridemyselfonthis,infact.

IV.Reading（40points,2pointseach）

Readthefollowingpassagesandanswerthemultiple-choicequestions;

decideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Passage1 

Totalkaboutproblem-solvingordecision-makingwithinanationalenvironmentmeansexaminingmanycomplexculturalforces.Itmeanstryingtomeasuretheimpactoftheseforcesoncontemporarylife,andalsocomingtogripswithchangesnowtakingplace.

Forexample,theconceptofprofessionalidentitydiffersmarkedlybetweentheU.S.andJapan.IntheWest,theemphasisisonwhatamanorwomandoesforaliving.InJapanthemostimportantthingiswhatorganizationyouworkfor.Thisbecomessignificantwhenyouwanttoanalyzethedecision-takingordecision-makingprocess.AtleastitexplainsthejobstabilityinJapan,incontrasttothegreatjobmobilityinAmerica.

Whilewedifferinmanyways,suchdifferencesareneithersuperiornorinferiortoeachother,Aparticularpatternofmanagementbehaviordevelopsfromacomplexityofuniqueculturalfactors—andwillonlyworkinagivenculture.

Acharacteristicisbasedon“censusopinion”and“bottom-updirection”.InJapangreatconsiderationisgiventoandrelianceplacedonthethoughtsandopinionsofeveryoneatalllevels.Tounderstandthis,itisimportanttorealizethatJapanisadenselypopulatedhomogeneouscountry.Moreover,thepeopleareawareandarearticulate.Literacyisalmost100percent.Problemsareshared.

Thisbringsusthesecondpartofthischaracteristic.Theterm 

“bottom-up”referstoastyleofmanagement—perhapswhatyouwouldcallkeepingyourfingerontheimpulseofthepublic.ThedifferenceisthatinJapanwerecordtheimpulseandithasrealmeaning.Itinfluencesthedirectionfinallytakenatthetopregardingaspecificimportantissue.Inotherwords,westernstyleofdecision-makingprocesspredominantlyfromtopmanagementandoftendoesnotconsultthemiddlemanagementortheworkers,whileinJapanthedirectioncanbeformulatedatthelowestlevel,travelupwardthroughanorganization,andhaveanimpactonthefinaldecision.

Thisplacestimeasadifferentperspective.InJapanthewesterndeadlineapproachissecondarytoathoroughjob.ThusAmericansareoftenexasperatedbyseeminglyendlessmeetingsoftheJapanese.

ButwheretheAmericansarepressingforaspecificdecision,theJapanesearetryingtoformulatearatherbroaddirection.

Ontheotherhand,onceanagreementisreached,itistheJapanesewhosometimeswonderattheleisurelypaceofexecutionofWesterners.TheJapaneseareeagerforexecution,andWesternersliketotakethetimeforin-depthplanning.

1.Whencomparingdifferencebetweenconcepts,weshouldtakeintoaccountallthefollowingEXCEPT.

A.culturalforce

B.culturalforceoncontemporaryl