甘肃省兰州市第一中学届高三英语月考试题05290218文档格式.docx
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阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
DarkSkyParksaroundtheWorld
WarrumbungleNationalPark
SituatedinthecentralwestslopesofNewSouthWalesisAustralia’sonlydarkskypark,Warrumbungle.TheparkhasservedasadarkskyparksinceJuly2016.Itscrystal-clearnightskiesandhighaltitudemakeitanatural,educational,andastronomicalheritagesiteinthesouthernhalfoftheearth.TouristscanuseAustralia’slargestopticaltelescopewithintheparkboundariestoviewtheauroras,theMilkyWay,andfaintshootingstars.
Sark
SarkisaChannelIslandnearthecoastofNormandyundertheprotectionoftheUK.ItwastheWorld’sFirstDarkSkyIslandsetupinJanuary2011.Itshistoricalandculturalblendattractsover40,000touristsannually.Withnomotorvehiclesandpubliclightingontheisland,thereisanexceptionalviewofthedarkskies.ArichMilkyWayisvisibleinthedarknightskiesfromtheshoresoftheisland.
PicduMidideBigorre
PicduMidideBigorreinFrancewasdesignatedasadarkskyparkinDecember2013makingitthesecondlargestdarkskyparkintheworld.Theparkcovers3.112squarekilometersspreadacrossthePyreneesNationalParkandUNESCO’sWorldHeritagesite,Pyrenees-MontPerdu.Theparkattractsoveronehundredstarwatcherseveryyear.TheObservatoryMidi-Pyrenees,whichwasbuiltin1870,isoneoftheworld’shighestmuseumsataheightof2,877metersabovesealevel.
RamonCrater/MakhteshRamon
RamonCraterisaunique1,100-square-kilometernaturereservelocatedintheNegevDesertinIsrael.In2017,theRamonCraterbecamethefirstdesignateddarkskyparkintheMiddleEast.Itslocation,roughclimate,andforbiddinglandscapethatarecharacteristicoftheNegevhavelargelydefeatedhistoricalattemptsforhumansettlement,makingitagreatplacetoviewthenightskies.Stargazersusuallycampinthedeserttohaveanuninterruptedviewofthestars,planets,andtheMilkyWay.
1.Whichparkservesasaheritagesiteforastronomy?
A.Sark.B.PicduMidideBigorre.
C.WarrumbungleNationalPark.D.RamonCrater/MakhteshRamon.
2.WhatdoweknowaboutSarkfromthepassage?
A.Notasinglecarrunsthere.B.ItwasanislandbelongingtoNormandy.
C.TheMilkyWaycanonlybeseenthere.D.Visitorsliketostayontheislandingroups.
3.WhatmakesitdifficultforhumanstoliveinRamonCrater?
A.Highaltitude.B.Thelargearea.C.Geographicalconditions.D.Culturalfeatures.
B
JonHoffmanwassittingataredlightwhenhesawamanrunoutofastorecarryingaplasticdonationjarfullofcash.ThePlano,Texas,detective,dressedinplainclothesbutwearinghisbadge(徽章)andgun,caughtthemanandpinnedhimtothehoodofhiscar.ButHoffmanhadtroublecontainingthethief,andtheygotintoastruggle.
“Thedetectivehasamartialartsbackground,andhesaidhethoughtthesuspectmusthaveamartialartsbackground,too,becausehewasabletobreakawaysoeasily,”aPlanopolicespokespersonsaid.
Thedetectivecalledoutforhelpasacrowdgathered.Amongthosewatching:
AndreHarveyandKirbySample,twodaylaborers.Harveydidwhathasbecomecommonthesedays—hetookouthisphoneandhitrecord.“Ihatetosayit,butIthoughtthatthispolicemanwasdoingsomethingillegal,”Harveysaid.“Butwhenheaskedforhelp,Ithought,well,therewon’tbeashootingifIgetoverthereintime.”Harveyjumpedintoaction—whilehewasstillrecordingthevideo—asdidSample.
“Harveycaughtholdofthesuspect’sarms,whileKirbyseizedhislegs,andtheywereabletogetthesuspecttothegroundtohelpDetectiveHoffmanputthehandcuffs(手铐)on,”saidthepolicespokesperson.The27-year-oldsuspectwaschargedwithresistingarrestandotheroffenses.Thecharityjarhestoleheldlessthan$50.
“I’vebeenonthewrongsideofthelawseveraltimesinmylife,”HarveytoldWFAA.“Itfeelsgoodtobeontherightsideanddosomethingpositive.”
Afterthearrest,thethreemengottoknoweachotheroversteaksandribsatalocalsteakhouse—Hoffman’streat,asathank-you.ButtherescuerssayHoffmandeservescredittoo.“Itcouldhaveturnedrealugly.”Sampletoldthemedia“Hehandledhimselflikearealprofessional.”
4.WhatmadeHoffmancallforhelpwhenarrestingthesuspect?
A.Hewasnotonduty.B.Heneededwitnessestosupporthim.
C.Hewantedtopushthethiefintothecar.D.Hecouldn’tcontrolthesuspect.
5.WhydidHarveyandKirbyrecordthesceneatthebeginning?
A.Tofollowthefashion.B.Tokeeptrackofthecriminal.
C.Torecordthedetective’sviolence.D.Toavoidbeinginvolvedintheincident.
6.WhatcanbeinferredaboutHarvey?
A.Hewasreadytoviolatethelaw.B.Hemighthavehadsomeillegalbehaviour.
C.Hewasoutofworkatthattime.D.Hehadagoodmartialartsbackground.
7.WhatisHarveyandSample’sattitudetowardsHoffman?
A.Appreciative.B.Prejudiced.C.Skeptical.D.Cautious.
C
Therearemanyprogramsforhighschoolstudentstodaythathelplonelyteenagersdealwithloneliness.However,lonelinessisnotonlyaproblemforteensbutalsoanimportantandrarelyacknowledgedoneintheelderly.
InBritain,TraceyCrouchwasappointedtobethefirstMinisterofLonelinessinordertoaddresstheproblemscausedbyloneliness.Thisisthefirsttimesuchapositionhasbeencreated.
InBritain,therearearound9millionpeoplewhosaytheyarelonelyfrequently.InGermany,astudyconductedbyRuhrUniversityBochumfoundthat20percentofpeopleovertheageof85feltlonely,and14percentofthosebetweenage45and65feltsociallylonely.IntheUnitedStates,morethan25percentofthepopulationlivealone,morethan50percentareunmarried.
Lonelinessisgenerallyassociatedwithheartdisease,overweight,andanxiety.Additionally,thestressfromlonelinesscancauseyourcellstochangeonamolecular(分子)levelthatreducesitsabilitiestodefendyourbodyagainstdiseases.Infact,doctorsbelievehavingfeelingsoflonelinessisequivalenttosmoking15cigarettesperdayinregardtoitseffectonhealth!
InBritain,thenewMinisterofLonelinesswillhelpintroducegovernmentpoliciesontheproblemandfundacharity—anorganizationforhelpingpeopleinneed,todevotetheireffortstowardsaidingloneliness.Therearecharitiesthatlinklonelyseniorstohighschoolstudentsinordertogivethemalineofcommunicationwhenevertheyfeellonely!
ThepossibilitiesforthenewMinisterofLonelinessareendless.Forexample,shecanprovideeducationservicestohouseholdbusinessessothattheycanidentifylonelycustomersiftheyseeone.Lonelinessfitsintothecategoryofbeingasocialproblemthatmustbemonitoredbytheentirecommunityinordertohelpthoseinneed.Therefore,governmentinvolvementinmedicalservicesandcareforseniorsandothersisvitalforhappyseniors.
8.HowdoestheauthordevelopParagraph3?
A.Bylistingsomestatistics.B.Bygivingexamplesoflonelypeople.
C.Bypointingoutsimilaritiesanddifferences.D.Bycomparingdifferentculturesindifferentcountries.
9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“equivalent”inParagraph4probablymean?
A.Relevant.B.Opposite.C.Similar.D.Superior.
10.WhatwilltheMinisterofLonelinessdo?
A.Dohouseworkforlonelypeople.B.Helpfundcharitiestoaidlonelypeople.
C.Communicatewithanxiousschoolstudents.D.Developfriendshipswiththeelderly.
11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?
A.UKbecomesthecapitalofloneliness.B.Lonelinessaffectsoldpeople’slifeworldwide.
C.Manyteenagerssufferfromloneliness.D.UK’sMinisterofLonelinesssettlesloneliness.
D
InthisPennsylvaniacity,Pittsburghisshrinkingbutgettingwealthier.Since2000,itspopulationhasdeclinedby95,000whileitsincomepercapita(人均)hasshotup24percent.Thetrendistakingholdinmanyothercities,likeBuffaloinNewYork,ProvidenceinRhodeIslandandNewOrleans.
Someoftheseareashavecreatedmorehigh-payingjobsinenergy,healthcareoreducation.Othershavemanagedtoreshapetheirproducingindustryforaneweconomy.Higher-payingjobshaveagreatereffectbecausetheycreatedemandforadditionalservices."
ThestoryinPittsburghisverypositive,andotherareasarelookingatitasanexampleofthetransformationthatmightbepossible,”saidGuhanVenkatu,whowroteaneconomichistoryoftheareacalled“RustandRenewal”fortheFederalReserveBankofCleveland.
CarnegieMellonUniversityandtheUniversityofPittsburghhavehelpedbringtechjobsandinnovation(革新)totheareabysponsoringtechcentersthathelpgraduatesstartcompanieswithoutmovingtoSiliconValleyorSanFrancisco.ThishashelpedkeepPittsburgh'
seducatedyoungpopulationgrowingevenastheentirepopulationinthecityhasdropped.
PittsburghhasmoreSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmath)jobsthanothershrinkingcities,about80,000or7%ofalljobs.STEMjobsaddproductivityandincomegrowthtothearea.Manufacturersofhigh-techmedicalequipmentinthePittsburghareaalsohavedoubledemploymentinthelast10years.
However,someexpertsquestionwhethergrowingincomepercapitacanreallymakeupforadecliningpopulation.AccordingtoPatrickAdler,aresearcherattheUniversityofToronto,populationlossdoesmatterifitmeanslower-skilledworkershavefledbecauseofalackofopportunity.What'
smore,high-payingjobsineducationandhealthcarecandisappearifthepopulationdeclinestoogreatly.Soit'
dbewisetofindwaystoincreasethepopulation.
12.Inwhatas