专四阅读+详解2.docx

专四阅读+详解2.docx

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专四阅读+详解2

星期2Tuesday

Don'tmakeamountainoutofamolehill.不要小题大做。

学习内容

题材

词数

建议时间

错误统计

做题备忘

TextA

旅游人物

413

5.5分钟

/6

TextB

社会生活

379

6分钟

/4

TextC

教育管理

585

7分钟

/5

TextD

经济产业

420

6.5分钟

/5

今日练习

TextA

Becketnotonlytraveledlight,helivedlight.Intheentireworldheownedjusttheclotheshestoodupin,afullsuitcaseandabankaccount.Arrivinganywherewiththesepossessions,hemightjustaseasilyputupforamonthorayearasforasinglenight.Forlongstays,notlessthanamonth,hemighttakeafurnishedflat,sometimesevenahouse.Butwhateverthelength,herarelyneededanythinghedidnothavewithhim.Hewas,helikedtothink,aself-containedperson.

Beckethadoneoccasionalanxiety:

thesuspicionthatheownedmorethanwouldfitcomfortablyintothecase.Thefeeling,whenitcomes,wasthesignalforhimtothrowsomethingawayorjustleaveitlyingabout.Thiswasautomaticfateofhisworn-outclothes,forexample.Havingnouseforchoiceorvariety,hekeptjustaraincoat,asuit,apairofshoesandafewshirts,socksandsoon;nomoreintheclothingline.Heboughtandreadmanybooksandleftthemwherehehappenedtobesittingwhenhefinishedthem.Theyquicklyfoundnewowners.

Becketwasaprofessionaltraveler,interestedandinteresting.Hewasnotonetodoacountryinaweekoracityinthreedays.Helikedtogetafeelofaplacebylivinginit,readingitsnewspapers,watchingitsTV;discussingitsaffairs.Healwaystriedtomakeafewfriends—ifnecessaryevenbystoppingasuitable-lookingpersoninthestreetandtalkingtohim.Itworkedwellalmostinninecasesoutoften.ThoughBecket’shealthgavehimnocauseforalarm,hemadeapointofseeingadoctorassoonashearrivedanywhere.“Adoctorknowsaplaceanditspeoplebetterthananyone,”heusedtosay.Heneverwenttoseeadoctor;healwayssentforone;that,hefound,wasthequickestwaytoconfidences,whichcameoutfreelyassoonashementionedthathewasawriter.

Becketwasanartistaswell.Hepaintedpicturesofhisplacesand,whenhehadgatheredenoughinformation,hewroteaboutthem.Hesoldhiswork,throughanagent,tonewspapersandmagazines.Itwasanagreeablesortoflifeforagoodsocialmixer,andasBecketneverstayedanywhereforlong,heenjoyedthesatisfyingadvantagesofpayinglittleintaxes.

1.WhatdoweknowaboutBecket’spossessions?

[A]Hehadenoughbaggagetostayforonlyonenight.

[B]Hecarriedallofthemaroundwithhim.

[C]Heoftenthreworgavethemaway.

[D]Heleftmostofhisthingsathomewhenhetraveled.

2.Beckettookoveraflatwhen

[A]therewerenosuitablehotels.

[B]hemeanttostaysomewhereforseveralnights.

[C]hewassureofstayingayearormore.

[D]heexpectednottomoveonforamonthatleast.

3.IfanythingworriedBecket,itwas

[A]thethoughtofhavingtoomuchbaggage.

[B]hishabitofleavingthingslyingabout.

[C]thefactthatheownedsolittle.

[D]thepoorstateofhisclothes.

4.WhatwastheusualresultwhenBeckettalkedtostrangersinthestreet?

[A]Hemademanynewfriendsinthatway.

[B]Peoplethoughthewasillandsentforadoctor.

[C]Thepeoplehespoketofeltannoyedwithhim.

[D]Heusuallyturnedouttobedisappointedatthetalking.

5.WhichofthefollowingaboutBecketisNOTtrue?

[A]Heneverstayedanywherefortoolongatime.

[B]Hewasgoodatdealingwithpeople.

[C]Hewassatisfiedwithhismobilelife.

[D]Heneverforgottovisitadoctorwhereverhewent.

6.HowdidBecketfeelabouttaxation?

[A]Itworriedhim,sohekeptmovingfromplacetoplace.

[B]Hehatedit,sohebrokethetaxlaws.

[C]Hewaspleasedhecouldhonestlyavoidit.

[D]Hefeltashamedofnotpayingtaxes.

TextB

America’scitydwellersareamobilepeople.Thedecennialcensusesprovideddocumentationintheirredundantaccountsofrapidchangesandgrowthinmostofourgreatcities.Butstatisticalevidenceishardlyneeded.Thechangesinourcitieshaveoccurredsorapidlythattheperceptionofmobilityisanintegralpartofeveryurbandweller’sexperience.Hometownsaretransformedintheintervalsbetweenvisits.Theneighborhoodsofourchildhoodpresentalienappearancesandthelandmarksthatanchoredourmemorieshavedisappeared.

Howdothesedramaticchangesinresidentialareascomeabout?

Inpart,industryandcommerceintheirexpansionencroachuponlandusedforresidences.But,inlargerpart,thechangesaremassmovementsoffamilies—theendresultsofcountlessthousandsofresidenceshiftsmadebytheurbanAmericanseveryyear.Compoundedinthemass,theresidenceshiftsofurbanhouseholdsproducemostofthechangeandfluxofurbanpopulationstructures.

Someofthemobilityisanexpressionofthegrowthofourpopulation.Everynewfamilystartedordinarilymeansanotherhouseholdformed.Butthemobilitythatoccursismuchgreaterthancanbeaccountedforonlybytheadditionofnewhouseholdstoourpopulation.Thehighlevelofmobilityimpliesthatestablishedhouseholdsareinvolvedinalarge-scalegameof“musicalchairs”inwhichhousingisexchangedfromtimetotime.

Residentialshiftsoftenaccompanythedissolutionofhouseholds,althoughnotasconsistentlyasinthecaseoftheformationsofnewhousehold.Adivorceorseparationforcesatleastonetomove,andoftenbothhusbandandwifeshiftresidence.Mortalitysometimesprecipitatesamoveonthepartoftheremainingmembersofthehousehold.But,neitherdivorcenormortality,whenaddedtonewhouseholdformation,canaccountformorethanaverysmallpartoftheAmericanmobilityrate.

Anotherpartofthehighresidentialmobilityratemightbetracedtochangeoccurringinthelaborforce.Americanworkerschangejobsfrequentlyandsomeoftheresidentialmobilitymightbeviewedasaconsequenceofjobshifts.Butmostresidentialshiftsdonotinvolvelong-distancemovements.Aboutthreefourthsofsuchshiftsdonotcrosscountryboundariesandmanyofthemtakeplacewithinsmallerareas.Neithercanjobshiftsaccountfortheoverallpictureofmobility,muchofwhichiskindof“millingabout”withinsmallareasofthecity.

7.AttheendofPara.1theauthorimpliesthat

[A]Americansforgetthelandmarksoftheirhometownseasily.

[B]Americansdon’tusuallynoticetherapidchangesaroundthem.

[C]Onreturningtotheirhometowns,Americansmaynotrecognizetheirchildhoodfriends.

[D]Uponvisitingtheirhometowns,Americansmayfeelunfamiliaraboutthenewappearances.

8.Theadditionofnewhouseholdscan’taccountforthemobilitybecause

[A]theyareexpressionsofpopulationgrowth.

[B]newfamiliesareunstableandthereforeunreliable.

[C]newhouseholdsareexchanginghousesfromtimetotime.

[D]thepreviouslyestablishedhouseholdsalsokeepchanginghouses.

9.Americanswhochangetheirjobsusually

[A]liketoliveneartheirworkingplaces.

[B]prefersmalltownstobigcities.

[C]dislikemovingtofarawayplaces.

[D]thinkitworthwhiletomovetoaforeigncountry.

10.WhichofthefollowingcanaccountforalargerpartofthehighAmericanmobilityrate?

[A]Expansionofindustryandcommerce.

[B]Notmentionedinthepassage.

[C]Divorceandmortality.

[D]Changesoccurringinthelaborforce.

TextC

There’sadarklittlejokeexchangedbyeducatorswithadissidentstreak:

RipVanWinkleawakensinthe21stcenturyafterahundred-yearsnoozeandis,ofcourse,utterlybewilderedbywhathesees.Menandwomendashabout,talkingtosmallmetaldevicespinnedtotheirears.Youngpeoplesitathomeonsofas,movingminiatureathletesaroundonelectronicscreens.Olderfolkdefydeathanddisabilitywithmetronomes（节拍器）intheirchestsandwithhipsmadeofmetalandplastic.Airports,hospitals,shoppingmalls—everyplaceRipgoesjustpuzzleshim.Butwhenhefinallywalksintoaschoolroom,theoldmanknowsexactlywhereheis.“Thisisaschool,”hedeclares.“Weusedtohavetheseblackin1906.Onlynowtheblackboardsaregreen.”

Americanschoolsaren’texactlyfrozenintime,butconsideringthepaceofchangeinotherareasoflife,ourpublicschoolstendtofeellikethrowbacks.Kidsspendmuchofthedayastheirgreat-grandparentsoncedid:

sittinginrows,listeningtoteacherslecture,scribblingnotesbyhand,readingfromtextbooksthatareoutofdatebythetimetheyareprinted.Ayawningchasm（withanemphasisonyawning）separatestheworldinsidetheschoolhousefromtheworldoutside.

Forthepastfiveyears,thenationalconversationoneducationhasfocusedonreadingscores,mathtestsandclosingthe“achievementgap”betweensocialclasses.Thisisnotastoryaboutthatconversation.Thisisastoryaboutthebigpublicconversationthenationisnothavingabouteducation,theonethatwillultimatelydeterminenotmerelywhethersomefractionofourchildrenget“leftbehind”butalsowhetheranentiregenerationofkidswillfailtomakethegradeintheglobaleconomybecausetheycan’tthinktheirwaythroughabstractproblems,workinteams,distinguishgoodinformationfrombadorspeakalanguageotherthanEnglish.

Thisweektheconversationwillburstontothefrontpage,whentheNewCommissionontheSkillsoftheAmericanWorkforce,ahigh-powered,bipartisan（代表两党的）assemblyofEducationSecretaries,governmentandothereducationleadersreleasesablueprintforrethinkingAmericaneducationfrompre-Kto12andbeyondtobetterpreparestudentstothriveintheglobaleconomy.Whilethatreportincludessomecontroversialproposals,thereisnonethelessaremarkableconsensusamongeducatorsandbusinessandpolicyleadersononekeyconclusion:

wen