中式英语之鉴Word文件下载.doc

中式英语之鉴Word文件下载.doc

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toaccelerateeconomicreform

（Toaccelerate=toincreasethepaceof）

农业获得大丰收

Therehavebeengoodharvestsinagriculture.

Therehavebeengoodharvests.

[“Harvest”impliesagriculture:

therearenoharvestsinindustry.]

城乡人民生活水平持续上升。

Livingstandardsforthepeopleinbothurbanandruralareascontinuedtorise.

Livingstandardsinbothurbanandruralareascontinuedtorise.

【Thenotionoflivingstandardsappliesonlytopeople.】

这些困难从本质上说是暂时的。

A：

Thesehardshipsaretemporaryinnature.

Thesehardshipsaretemporary.

[Anyadjectivesdescribesthe“nature”or“character”ofthenounitmodifies.Tosaythathardshipsare“temporaryinnature”islikesayingthattheChineseflagisredincolor”orthatpandasarefewinnumber.”]

我国未来的经济发展在很大程度上有赖于……

Thedevelopmentofoureconomyinthefuturewill,toalargeextent,dependon…

Thedevelopmentofoureconomywill,toalargeextent,dependon…

[Thefuturetenseoftheverb（willdepend）issufficienttoexpressfuturity.]

我们应采取一系列措施来保证……

weshouldadoptaseriesofmeasurestoensurethat….

weshouldadoptmeasurestoensurethat….

[Herethepluralformof“measures”coversthesenseofa“series”]

Otherunnecessarynouns（orgerunds）maybelesseasytoidentify.Nevertheless,alittlethoughtwillrevealthattheyaddnothingtothemeaningofthesentence.Whentheyaredeleted,thesenseisnotdiminished,onlyclarified.Someexamples:

在实现农业机械化和电气化后……

followingtherealizationofmechanizationandelectrificationofagriculture

B：

followingtheofmechanizationandelectrificationofagriculture

必须加强国防建设。

A:

Itisessentialtostrengthenthebuildingofnationaldefense.

Itisessentialtostrengthennationaldefense.

这些构成了努力实现过渡时期的伟大任务的重要条件。

Theseconstituteimportantconditionsinstrivingforthefulfillmentofthegeneraltaskinthetransitionalperiod.

Theseareimportantconditionsforfulfillingthegeneraltaskinthetransitionperiod.

当时，东北的形势仍然是敌强我弱。

AtthattimethesituationinnortheastChinawasstillonewheretheenemywasstrongerthanthepeople'

sforces.

Atthattimetheenemywasstillstrongerthanthepeople'

sforcesinnortheastChina.

["

Situation"

isaparticularlydangerousnoun.Notonlyisitgenerallyunnecessary,butitdragsotherunnecessaryelementsafterit（inthisinstance,"

onewhere"

）.

解决问题的关键在于削减开支。

Thekeytothesolutionliesinthecurtailmentofexpenditure.

B:

Thesolutionistocurtail（or.cutbackon）expenditure.

Key"

issometimesuseful,butusuallyittoocanbedispensedwith.Andlike"

situation,"

itoftenleadstofurtherunnecessarycomplications（here,"

liesin"

）.]

党内民主是已详细讨论过的问题。

Inner-Partydemocracyisasubjectthathasbeendiscussedindetail.

Inner-Partydemocracyhasbeendiscussedindetail.

Categorynouns

Thereisonetypeofnounthatdeservesspecialmention,becauseitisthecommonestunnecessarywordinChinglish.Thisisthegeneralnounthatservesonlytointroduceaspecificnoun（orgerund）tofollow:

“aseriousmistakeintheworkofplanning.计划工作中的错误。

Insuchconstructions,thefirstnounannouncesthecategoryofthesecond;

inthiscase,ittellsreadersthat“planning”fallsintothecategoryof“work”.Thatissomethingtheyalreadyknow.Accordingly,thefirstnounsshouldbedeletedaseriousmistakeinplanning.

Otherexamples:

促进和平统一事业

A:

promotingthecauseofpeacefulreunification

promotingpeacefulreunification

经济领域的改革

reformsinthesphereoftheeconomy

reformsintheeconomy（oreconomicreforms）

保证双方之间的亲密合作关系

Atoensurearelationshipofclosecooperationbetween….

Btoensureclosecooperationbetween…

我们必须反对铺张浪费的行为。

Wemustopposethepracticeofextravagance

Wemustopposeextravagance.

这些原则适应于处理中外关系中的所有情况

TheseprinciplesapplytoallcasesofrelationsbetweenChinaandothercountries.

TheseprinciplesapplytorelationsbetweenChinaandallothercountries.

这种情况，加上价格不稳定的因素，引起….

This,coupledwiththefactorofpriceinstability,caused….

This,coupledwithpriceinstability,caused….

WhateverfunctionthecategorynounservesinChinese,inEnglishitisgenerallyuseless.Allitaddstothesentenceisweightwithoutsubstance.

Verbs

Likeunnecessarynouns,mostunnecessaryverbsinChinglishoccurinphrases.Usuallytheyarecombinedwithnouns（plustheinevitablearticlesandprepositionsthatnounsbringwiththem）.Thesephrasesareoftwoprincipaltypes:

1.Unnecessaryverbsplusnoun

2.Unnecessaryverbplusunnecessarynounplusthirdword

weshalllookatfirstoneandthentheother.

1.Unnec.verb+noun

Thecommonesttypeisaphraselike“wemustmakeanimprovementinourwork.”Heretheverb（make）isaweak,colorless,all-purposewordhavingnoveryspecificmeaningofitsown,whiletherealactionisexpressedinthenoun（improvement）.

Sincetheverbisnotcontributinganythingtothesense,itcanbeeditedout.“Wemustimproveourwork.”

Thebasicpatternisunnec.verb+noun.Bothtranslatorsandpolisherstendtooverlookconstructionsofthissort,becausetheyaregrammaticallycorrectandbecause—precisely—everyoneissoaccustomedtothem.Onceyoubecamealerttothepattern,however,itiseasyenoughtoeliminatetheunnecessarywordsbysubstitutingplainverbs.

我们想在一夜之间完成整个社会的变革是不可能的。

Itisimpossibleforustoaccomplishthetransformationofthewholesocietyovernight.

Itisimpossibleforustotransformthewholesocietyovernight.

他们应该对….进行仔细的检查。

Theyshouldconductacarefulexaminationof…..

Theyshouldcarefullyexamine….

试图诱使朝鲜军队对他们发动一场攻击。

tryingtoenticetheKoreanarmytolaunchanattackagainstthem

tryingtoenticetheKoreanarmytoattackthem

改变这种局面

tobringaboutachangeinthisstateofaffairs

tochangethisstateofaffairs

他们必须下决心对现存体制进行改革。

Theymustmakeuptheirmindstoimplementthereformofthecurrentsystem.

Theymustmakeuptheirmindstoreformthecurrentsystem.

直到中国实现工业现代化。

untilChinarealizesindustrialmodernization

untilChinamodernizesitsindustry

Theconstructionmayalsoappearinpassivevoice.Thatis,insteadof“wemustmakeimprovementinourwork,”wefind“animprovementmustbemadeinourwork.”Butthisisonlyavariationofthesamepattern,andthesolutionisthesametoo:

substitutionaplainverb.Theresultisourworkmustbeimproved.（because“tomakeanimprovementin”=“toimprove”）

Moreexamplesinpassivevoice:

应当批准所有这些项目。

Approvalshouldbegiventoalltheseprojects.

Alltheseprojectsshouldbeapproved.

[because“togiveapprovalto”=“toapprove”]

只有通过….才能找出解决这些问题的办法。

Solutionstotheseproblemscanbefoundonlythrough…

Theseproblemscanbesolvedonlythrough…

[because“tofindsolutionto”=“tosolve”]

实行粮食配给

Grainrationingwasimplemented

Grainwasrationed.

[Because“toimplementrationing”=“toration”]

Theverbmostfrequentlyfoundinthesecombinationswithnounsistomake:

Tomakeaninvestigationof=toinvestigate

Tomakeacarefulstudyof=tostudycarefully

Tomakeadecisionto=todecideto

Tomakeaproposalthat=toproposethat

Tomakeeffortsto=totry（attempt）to

Tomakeananalysisof=toanalyze

Therunner-upisdoubtlesstohave

Tohaveadislikefor=todislike

Tohaveaninfluenceon=toinfluence

Tohaveadequateknowledgeof=toknowenoughabout

Tohavetheneedof=toneed

Tohaverequestfor=torespect

Butmanyotherscanbeseenoneverypagesaswell:

Togiveguidanceto=toguide

Toprovideassistanceto=toassist

Tocarryoutthestruggleagainst=tostruggleagainst

T