近五年高考英语语法填空考点整理.docx
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近五年高考英语语法填空考点整理
英语语法填空近五年高考考点整理
一、从句引导词
1定语从句
(2019全国2卷)NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,she
openedwithherlatehusbandLes.(which非限制性定语从句)
(2018全国1卷)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014showedamerefive
to10minuteadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses.(that/which定语从句,指物,在从句中做主语故用关系代词)
(2018全国2卷)TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005-whenthegovernmentstaredasoil-testingprogramgivesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers.(that/which定语从句,指物,
在从句中做主语故用关系代词)
(2017全国1卷)Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,isnotgoodforthehealth.(which
非限制性定语从句)
(2016全国1卷)ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,I
wasthefirstWesternTVreporter...(when非限制性定语从句,先行词是时间,在从句中做时间状语)
(2015全国1卷)I'dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiverarepicturedbyartists(that/which定语从句,指物,在从句中做主语故用关
系代词)
2宾语从句
(2015全国2卷)Asnaturalarchitects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactlythicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.(how引导宾语从句)
3同位语从句
(2019全国1卷)Whiletheyarerarenorthof88,there°isevidencetheyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,
andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.(that同位语从句)
二、谓语动词的的变式
1时态
(2019全国1卷)InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunayut(report)increasesinbearsightingsaround
humansettlements.(havereported现在完成时,标志是inrecentyears)
(2019全国2卷)PickingupheraLifetimeAchievement”awaotidIrene(declare)shehadnoplans
toretirefromher36-year-oldbusiness.(declared一般过去时)
(2019全国2卷)IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI66(make)overtheyears.
(havemade现在完成时,标志是overtheyears)
(2018全国1卷)Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforretherreviewsaysit(be)moreeffective
atlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming.(is一般现在时)
(2018全国2卷)Since2011,thecountry(grow)morecornthanrice.(hasgrown现在完成时,标志是
since)
(2018全国2卷)TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005-whenthegovernment(start)
asoil-testingprogramthatgivesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers.(started一般过去时,标志为过去时间点2005年)
(2017全国2卷)Later,engineers(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels(隧道),whichbecameknowntothetube.(managed根据全文时态判定为一般过去时)
(2016全国2卷)Itcouldbeanything-gardening,cooking,music,sports—butwhateveritis,(make)sure
it'sarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.make祈使句用动词原形)
(2015全国1卷)ItwasraininglightlywhenI(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.ButIdidn'tcare.
(arrived根据前后句判断为一般过去时)
(2015全国1卷)Yangshuo(be)reallybeautiful.(is这里是对客观事实的描述,因此用一般现在时不
用一般过去时)
(2015全国2卷)Thiscycle(go)dayafterday.(goes根据上下文时态判定为一般现在时)
2语态(主被动)
(2017全国1卷)Whenfatandsalt(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifismissingsomething.(are
removed主语是fatandsalt,be动词是复数形式,被动表示脂肪和糖从食物中被除去)
(2017全国2卷)Steamengines(use)topullthecarriages...(wereused根据全文判定时态为一般过
去时,根据主语engines判定为复数,被动表示蒸汽引擎被用于...)
(2016全国1卷)I(arrow)togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre/wasallowed首
先文章是一般过去时的记叙文,其次我是单数,被允许为被动语态)
3主谓一致
(2019全国1卷)threearedeclining,six(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.(are
主语six指发现的六个企鹅种群,为复数)
(2017全国1卷)Fastfood(be)fulloffatandsalt;(isfood是不可数名词,be动词用单数)
(2016全国2卷)Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow(be)oftenacceptable.(is动名词作
主语,谓语动词用单数)
4非谓语的变化(不定式,动名词,现在分词,过去分词)
(2019全国1卷)Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethe
mid-1980s,andareexpensive(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.(toperform)
(2019全国1卷)Scientistshaverespondedby(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)around
humansettlements.(noting现在分词作介词宾语)
(2019全国2卷)A90-year-oldhasbeenawardedwWomanOfTheYear"for(be)Britain'soldestfull-time
employee-stillworking40hoursaweek.(being现在分词作介词宾语)
(2019全国2卷)PickingupheraLifetimeAchievement"awardproudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans
(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.(toretire)
(2019全国2卷)Whenwegotacall(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.(saying现
在分词作后置定语,主动)
(2018全国1卷)Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong(see)thebenefit.(tosee动词不定式作非谓语表目
的)
(2018全国1卷)Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof_(die)earlybyrunning.
(dying动名词作介词宾语)
(2018全国2卷)Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice(improve)waterquality.
(toimprove动词不定式作非谓语表目的)
(2018全国2卷)China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile(feed)itscitizens“offecseful
lessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,"saysthebank'sJuergencVgele.(feeding)
(2017全国1卷)Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired(process)thefood
thatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.(toprocess动词不定式作宾语,be
requiredtodosth.被要求做某事)
(2017全国1卷)by(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.
(eating动名词作介词宾语)
(2017全国2卷)Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthe
top.(laying动名词作included的宾语,也可根据diggingup和building判定)
(2016全国1卷)IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandas
rescuedfromstarvationinthewild.(permitted过去分词作后置定语,表被动)
(2016全国1卷)Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude(introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120-pluspandasat
ChengduandothersataresearchinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.(introducing动名词作宾语)
(2016全国2卷)Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you'llbelessl(beiyg)
yourworkhome.(tobring动词不定式,可能做某事islikelyto...)
(2015全国1卷)Astudyoftravelers(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop
10destinationsintheworld.(conducted过去分词作后置定语,表被动)
(2015全国1卷)Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysitarrangesquickgetawaysherefor
people(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.(living现在分词作后置定语,表主动)
(2015全国2卷)Theadobedwellings(土坯房)(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwest
areadmired...(built过去分词作后置定语,表被动)
(2015全国2卷)whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheirabilityto“aircondition”ahousewithout
__(use)electricequipment.(using现在分词作介词宾语)
(2015全国2卷)Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough(cool)
thehouseduringthehotday.(tocool形容词力口enough后接不定式)
三、虚词
1介词
(2019全国1卷)Modernmethodstrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethe
mid-1980s.(of/for介词搭配,…的方法)
(2017全国1卷)Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity(医学界)amethodoffighting
heartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedsideeffectssuchasoverweightandheartdiseas&as作为)
(2017全国2卷)astheytravelledtoandwork.(from和to对应,表示人们上下班)
(2016全国1卷)ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbackmydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,(to
回到,追溯到gobackto)
(2016全国2卷)Mostofusaremorefocusedourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.(on
专注于...focuson...)
(2015全国1卷)Afewhours,I'dbeenathomeinHongKong>efore根据文意判断,几小时之前,我
还在香港,现在到达了阳朔)
(2015全国1卷)ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,it'sonlyanaway___carandoffersallthesceneryofthe
better-knowncity.(by乘坐交通工具用介词by)
(2015全国2卷)thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenight.(at与此同时,atthesametime)
2连词
(2019全国2卷)IworknotbecauseIhaveto,67becauseIwantto.(but转折连词,not...but...不是...而是...)
(2018全国1卷)Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforevethereviewsaysitismoreeffectiveat
lengtheninglifewalking,cyclingorswimming.(than比较连词,因前面出现比较级moreeffective)
(2018全国2卷)Cornuseslesswaterriceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.(than比较连词,因前面出现比较级lesswater)
(2016全国2卷)So,getanearlystartandtrytobeasproductivepossiblebeforelunch.(as...as..)
3冠词
(2019全国1卷)Ofnineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining...(the特指已
发现的19个企鹅亚种群
(2019全国2卷)Whenwegotacallsayingshewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasjoke.(a不定冠词,
一个玩笑)
(2018全国2卷)Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentoverpast25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.(the)
(2017全国1卷)Asresult,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.(aas
aresult作为结果,固定搭配)
(2017全国2卷)Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,layingthetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofovertop.
(the在什么顶上)
(2016全国1卷)whileoneisbeingbottle-fed,otheriswithmum-sheneversuspects.(the两者中的另一
个,one...theother...)
(2016全国2卷)Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsideforwhile(a一会儿forawhile)
(2015全国2卷)Theadobedwellings(土坯房)builtbythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyevenmostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.(the形容词最高级前用定冠词)
四、实词(谓语动词已单列)
1名词
(2019全国1卷)InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunayuthavereportedincreasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.(belief动词变名词作宾语)
(2018全国1卷)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014thatshowedamerefiveto
10minuteadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall(cause).(causes可
数名词单数变复数,因为有all修饰)
(2018全国1卷)Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto(strength)yourleg
muscles