国家发改委关于国民经济和社会发展计划报告.docx
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国家发改委关于国民经济和社会发展计划报告
国家发改委关于国民经济和社会发展计划报告
关于2008年国民经济和社会发展计划执行情况
与2009年国民经济和社会发展计划草案的报告
--2009年3月5日在第十一届全国人民代表大会第二次会议上
国家发展和改革委员会
REPORTONTHEIMPLEMENTATIONOFTHE2008PLANFORNATIONALECONOMICANDSOCIALDEVELOPMENTANDONTHE2009DRAFTPLANFORNATIONALECONOMICANDSOCIALDEVELOPMENT
SecondSessionoftheEleventhNationalPeople'sCongressMarch5,2009
NationalDevelopmentandReformCommission
各位代表：
FellowDeputies,
受国务院委托，现将2008年国民经济和社会发展计划执行情况与2009年国民经济和社会发展计划草案提请十一届全国人大二次会议审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。
TheNationalDevelopmentandReformCommissionhasbeenentrustedbytheStateCounciltoreportontheimplementationofthe2008planfornationaleconomicandsocialdevelopmentandonthe2009draftplanfornationaleconomicandsocialdevelopmentforyourdeliberationandapprovalattheSecondSessionoftheEleventhNationalPeople'sCongress（NPC）,andalsoforcommentsandsuggestionsfromthemembersoftheNationalCommitteeoftheChinesePeople'sPoliticalConsultativeConference（CPPCC）.
一、2008年国民经济和社会发展计划执行情况
I.Implementationofthe2008PlanforNationalEconomicandSocialDevelopment
过去的一年，是很不寻常、很不平凡的一年，我国经济社会发展经历了多方面难以预料、历史罕见的重大挑战和严峻考验。
全国各族人民在中国共产党的领导下，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，按照十一届全国人大一次会议审议批准的国民经济和社会发展计划，克服重重困难，排除各种突发事件的干扰，全面夺取抗击南方部分地区严重低温雨雪冰冻灾害和四川汶川特大地震灾害斗争重大胜利；成功举办北京奥运会、残奥会，成功完成神舟七号载人航天飞行任务；特别是积极应对国际金融危机冲击，保持了经济平稳较快发展和社会和谐稳定。
计划执行情况总体是好的。
Theyear2008wasanextraordinaryandeventfulyearforChina.Ourcountry'seconomicandsocialdevelopmentexperiencedavarietyofseverechallengesandteststhatwerehardlyanticipatedandrarelyseen.UndertheleadershipoftheCommunistPartyofChina（CPC）,thepeopleofallourethnicgroupsthoroughlyappliedtheScientificOutlookonDevelopment,followedtheplanfornationaleconomicandsocialdevelopmentadoptedattheFirstSessionoftheEleventhNPC,surmountednumerousdifficulties,andeliminatedinterferencefromemergenciesofallkinds.Finally,wewongreatvictoriesindealingwiththedevastatingsnowandicestormsinpartsofthesouthandthemassiveearthquakethathitWenchuan,SichuanProvince.WesuccessfullyheldtheBeijingOlympicandParalympicGamesandaccomplishedtheShenzhouVIImannedspaceflightmission.Inparticular,weactivelyrespondedtothesevereimpactoftheglobalfinancialcrisis,sustainedsteadyandfairlyrapideconomicdevelopmentandmaintainedsocialharmonyandstability.ThePlanfor2008was,onthewhole,implementedwell.
（一）经济平稳较快增长
1.Theeconomygrewsteadilyandrapidly.
全年国内生产总值超过30万亿元，增长9．0％，比世界经济平均增长率高出5个多百分点。
规模以上工业增加值比上年增长12．9％，轻、重工业分别增长12．3％和13．2％。
全年社会消费品零售总额达到10．85万亿元，增长21．6％，增速比上年加快4．8个百分点；全社会固定资产投资总额17．23万亿元，增长25．5％，国内需求特别是消费需求对经济增长的拉动作用增强。
China'sGDPtopped30trillionyuanin2008,ayear-on-yearincreaseof9.0%andmorethanfivepercentagepointshigherthantheaverageworldeconomicgrowthrate.Thevalue-addedoflargeindustrialenterprisesincreasedby12.9%over2007,withthatoflightandheavyindustriesrising12.3%and13.2%respectively.Retailsalesofconsumergoodsrose21.6%to10.85trillionyuan,up4.8percentagepoints.Fixedassetinvestmentacrossthecountrytotaled17.23trillionyuan,up25.5%.Domesticdemand,particularlyconsumerdemand,playedagreaterroleinboostingeconomicgrowth.
经济效益继续保持增长。
国家财政收入6．13万亿元，增长19．5％。
单位国内生产总值能耗进一步降低，全年降幅为4．59％；二氧化硫、化学需氧量排放量减少的势头得到巩固，全年分别下降5．95％和4．42％。
万元工业增加值用水量下降7．0％。
节约集约用地工作力度加大，土地利用效率继续提高。
Economicperformancecontinuedtoimprove.Nationalrevenuereached6.13trillionyuanin2008,up19.5%yearonyear.EnergyconsumptionperunitofGDPcontinuedtodeclinein2008,down4.59%.Sulfurdioxideemissionsandchemicaloxygendemandkeptfalling,down5.95%and4.42%respectively,andthistrendbecamemorefirmlyset.Waterconsumptionper10,000yuanofvalue-addedbyindustrydroppedby7.0%.Effortswereintensifiedtouselandmoreeconomicallyandintensively,resultingincontinuedimprovementinland-useefficiency.
（二）价格涨幅逐步回落
2.Therewasagradualdeclineintherateofpriceincrease.
针对上半年国内食品价格上涨过快和国际市场粮食、油料价格急剧上涨对稳定物价带来的巨大压力，采取了综合性政策措施。
一方面，努力保障供给。
制定并组织实施扶持政策，促进粮食、生猪、油料、奶业、蛋鸡等生产发展；加强重要农副产品的紧急调运和产销衔接，缓解东北粮食、部分地区特别是灾区农产品卖难和流通不畅问题；采取财税支持、控制出口、鼓励进口、国家储备吞吐调节等综合措施，保障粮食、成品油、化肥等重要商品的市场供应和价格稳定。
另一方面，加强市场监管。
对粮食、食用植物油等重要商品实施临时价格干预措施。
组织开展农资价格、成品油价格、医药价格和涉农收费、涉企收费、教育收费等专项检查，积极引导经营者价格自律，严厉打击囤积居奇、哄抬价格、串通涨价等违法行为。
与此同时，两次提高低保补助水平，确保低收入群体的基本生活不会因物价上涨受到明显影响。
进入四季度后，通货膨胀压力明显减弱，全年居民消费价格上涨5．9％；生产资料和农资价格涨幅也迅速回落，12月份生产资料出厂价格同比下降1．9％，农资价格涨幅比最高时的7月份回落12．4个百分点。
Weadoptedcomprehensivepoliciesandmeasurestocounteractthegreatpressurethatballooningdomesticfoodpricesandthesurgeinthepricesofgrainandoilseedontheinternationalmarketinthefirsthalfof2008placedonoureffortstostabilizeprices.Ontheonehand,weworkedtoensureadequatesupplies.Weformulatedandimplementedsupportingpoliciestoboostgrain,oilseedandeggproductionandhoganddairyfarming.Westrengthenedtheemergencyallocationandtransportofimportantfarmandsidelineproducts,improvedcoordinationbetweentheirproductionandsale,andalleviatedproblemsconcerningthesaleanddistributionofgraininnortheastChinaandfarmproductsinsomeareas,especiallydisaster-strickenareas.Wetookmeasuresthatcombinedfiscalandtaxpolicysupport,exportcontrols,importinducementsandmanipulationofstatereservestoensureadequatemarketsuppliesandsteadypricesforimportantcommoditiessuchasgrain,refinedpetroleumproductsandfertilizer.Ontheotherhand,westrengthenedmarketoversight.Weinstitutedtemporarymeasurestoholddownthepricesofgrain,ediblevegetableoilandotherimportantcommodities.Weorganizedandcarriedoutinspectionsfocusedonpricesforagriculturalsupplies,refinedpetroleumproducts,medicalcareanddrugs,andchargesrelatedtofarmers,enterprisesandeducation;activelyencouragedbusinessmanagerstoexerciseself-disciplineinsettingprices;andseverelycrackeddownonviolationsofthelawsuchashoardingforspeculationandcolludingtodriveupprices.Atthesametime,weraisedthelevelofthecostoflivingallowancestwicetoensurethatthebasiclivingstandardoflow-incomegroupswouldnotbesignificantlyaffectedbypriceincreases.Beginninginthefourthquarter,theinflationarypressuresubsidedconsiderably.Theconsumerpriceindex（CPI）roseby5.9%fortheyear.Therateofpriceincreaseformeansofproduction,includingagriculturalsupplies,alsofellrapidly,withproducerpricesformeansofproductioninDecemberdown1.9%yearonyearandtheinflationrateforagriculturalsuppliesdown12.4percentagepointsfromitsJulyhigh.
（三）“三农”工作进一步加强
3.Workrelatedtoagriculture,ruralareasandfarmerswasfurtherintensified.
强农惠农政策力度不断加大。
耕地保护工作继续加强。
研究制定了进一步扶持农业和粮食生产的10项措施，组织编制了《全国新增1000亿斤粮食生产能力规划（2009－2020年）》。
在粮食收购价格、涉农补贴和主要农产品收储方面，进一步加大工作力度。
三次大幅度提高粮食最低收购价，提价幅度超过20％；中央财政用于粮食直补、农资综合补贴、良种补贴、农机具购置补贴的资金达1030亿元，比上年增长1倍；实施主要农产品临时收储政策，共收购稻谷1178万吨、玉米852万吨、棉花131万吨、油料67万吨。
Weconstantlyinvigoratedourpoliciestostrengthenagricultureandbenefitfarmersandcontinuedtointensifyoureffortstoprotectfarmland.WeworkedouttenmeasurestofurthersupportagricultureandgrainproductionandorganizedthecompilationofthePlanforIncreasingtheNationalGrainProductionCapacityby50BillionKilograms（2009-2020）.Weworkedharderonthegrainpurchaseprices,agriculturalsubsidies,andthepurchaseandstorageofmajorfarmproducts.Wesignificantlyraisedminimumgrainpurchasepricesthreetimes,increasingthemaltogetherbymorethan20%.Inaddition,governmentallocationsfordirectsubsidiestograingrowers,generalsubsidiesforagriculturalsupplies,subsidiesforsuperiorvarietiesofcrops,andsubsidiesforthepurchaseofagriculturalmachineryandtoolsreached103billionyuan,up100%fromthepreviousyear.Weimplementedthepolicyoftemporarypurchaseandstockpilingofmajoragriculturalproducts,andaccordinglypurchased11.78milliontonsofgrain,8.52milliontonsofcorn,1.31milliontonsofcottonand670,000tonsofoilseed.
支农资金投入继续增加。
全年中央财政用于“三农”资金达5955．5亿元，增长37．9％。
粮食、油料、糖料、棉花生产基地和旱作农业示范基地建设步伐加快，动植物疫病防控体系、标准化规模养殖小区、种养业良种繁育基地、农产品质量安全检验检测体系、农产品批发市场、粮油仓储及现代物流设施建设进展顺利。
Wecontinuedtoincreasefundingtosupportagriculture,ruralareasandfarmers.Centralgovernmentallocationsinthisarearose37.9%to595.55billionyuanin2008.Wemovedfastertobuildproductionbasesforgrain,oilseed,sugarcropsandcotton,anddemonstrationbasesfordrought-resistantagriculture.Wemadesmoothprogressindevelopingthesystemforpreventingandcontrollinganimalandplantepidemics,large-scalestandardizedlivestock,poultryandaquaticfarmingoperations,basesforcultivatingsuperiorvarietiesandbreeds,thesystemforqualityandsafetyinspectionandtestingofagriculturalproducts,wholesalemarketsforfarmproducts,grainandedibleoilstoragefacilities,andmodernlogisticsfacilities.
主要农副产品产量大幅增长。
粮食连续5年丰收，全年总产量达到52850万吨，增长5．4％，总产和单产均创历史新高。
棉花产量750万吨，油料、糖料产量分别达到2950万吨和13000万吨，增长14．8％和6．7％；生猪生产恢复较快，肉类总产量7269万吨，增长5．9％，奶业生产逐步恢复，全年牛奶产量增长3．6％；水产品产量4895万吨，增长3．1％。
优质高产高效农业取得新进展，无公害农产品、绿色食品、有机食品和农业标准化生产加快发展，优质小麦和优质水稻所占比重分别达到68％和74％，比上年提高6．3个和1．9个百分点。
Theoutputofmajorfarmandsidelineproductsincreasedsignificantly.Wehadgoodharvestsforfiveconsecutiveyears,withlastyear'stotaloutputrising5.4%to528.5milliontons,arecordhighforbothtotaloutputandyieldperunitarea.Cottonoutputreached7.5milliontonsin2008;oilseedproductionwas29.5milliontons,up14.8%,andsugarcropyieldstoodat130milliontons,up6.7%.Hogproductionrecoveredrapidlylastyear,andthetotaloutputofmeatincreased5.9%to72.69milliontons.Dairyfarmingalsorecoveredgraduallywithtotalmilkoutputup3.6%.The
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