高考英语二轮复习讲义 阅读理解及训练02 作者意图题指导.docx

高考英语二轮复习讲义 阅读理解及训练02 作者意图题指导.docx

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高考英语二轮复习讲义阅读理解及训练02作者意图题指导

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习讲义阅读理解及训练02作者意图题指导

小试牛刀-------阅读理解

Thereseemsnevertohavebeenacivilizationwithouttoys,butwhenandhowtheydevelopedisunknown.Theyprobablycameaboutjusttogivechildrensomethingtodo.

　Intheancientworld,asistoday,mostboysplayedwithsomekindsoftoysandmostgirlswithanother.Insocietieswheresocialrolesarerigidlydetermined,boyspatterntheirplayaftertheactivitiesoftheirfathersandgirlsarebeingprepared,eveninplay,tostepintotherolesandresponsibilitiesoftheadultworld.

　Whatisremarkableaboutthehistoryoftoysisnotsomuchhowtheychangedoverthecenturiesbuthowmuchtheyhaveremainedthesame.Thechangeshavebeenmostlyintermsofcraftsmanship,mechanics,andtechnology.Itistheuniversalityoftoyswithregardtotheirdevelopmentinallpartsofthewordandtheirpersistencetothepresentthatisamazing.InEgypt,America,China,JapanandamongtheArctic（北极的）people,generallythesamekindsoftoysappeared.Variationsdependedonlocalcustomsandwayoflifebecausetoysimitatetheirsurrounding.Nearlyeverycivilizationhaddolls,littleweapons,toysoldiers,tinyanimalsandvehicles.

　Becausetoyscanbegenerallyregardedasakindofartform,theyhavenotbeensubjecttotechnologicalleapsthatcharacterizeinventionsforadultuse.Theprogressfromthewheeltothecarttotheautomobileisadirectlineofwaysup.Theprogressfromarattle（拨浪鼓）usedbyababyin3,000BCtooneusedbyaninfanttoday,however,isnotcharacterizedbyinventiveness.Eachrattleistheproductoftheartistictastesofthetimesandsubjecttothelimitationsofavailablematerials.

68.Thereasonwhythetoysmostboysplaywitharedifferentfromthosethatgirlsplaywithisthat________.

A.theirsocialrolesarerigidlydetermined

B.theylikechallengingactivities

C.mostboyswouldliketofollowtheirfathers’professions

D.boysliketoplaywiththeirfatherswhilegirlwiththeirmothers

69.Oneaspectof“theuniversalityoftoys”liesinthefactthat________.

A.thebasiccharacteristicsoftoysarethesameallovertheworld

B.technologicaladvanceshavegreatlyimprovedthedurabilityoftoys

C.theexplorationoftheuniversehasledtothecreationofnewkindsoftoys

D.theimprovementofcraftsmanshipinmakingtoysdependsontheeffortsofuniversities

70.Whichofthefollowingistheauthor’sviewonthehistoricaldevelopmentoftoys?

A.Toysareplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinshapingachild’scharacter.

B.Thetoyindustryhaswitnessedgreatleapsintechnologyinrecentyears.

C.Thecraftsmanshipintoy-makinghasremainedessentiallyunchanged.

D.Toyshaveremainedbasicallythesameallthroughthecenturies.

71.Regardedasakindofartform,toys________.

A.reflectthepaceofsocialprogress

B.arenotcharacterizedbytechnologicalprogress

C.followadirectlineofascent

D.alsoappealgreatlytoadults

72.Theauthorusestheexampleofarattletoshowthat________.

A.itoftentakesalongtimetointroducenewtechnologyintotoy-making

B.eventhesimplesttoyscanreflecttheprogressoftechnology

C.evenasimpletoycanmirrortheartistictastesofthetime

D.intoy-makingthereisacontinuityintheuseofmaterials

68-72AADBC

*************************************************************结束

例1（xx·全国II）

Coldweathercanhardonpets,justlikeitcanbehardonpeople.Sometimesownersforgetthattheircatsarejustasusedtothewarmshelter（住所）astheyare.Someownerswillleavetheiranimalsoutsideforalongperiodoftime,thinkingthatallanimalsareusedtolivingoutdoors.Thiscanputtheirpetsindangerofseriousillness.Therearethingsyoucandotokeepyouranimalwarmandsafe.

Keepyourpetsinsideasmuchasyoucanwhentheweatherisbad.Ifyouhavetotakethemout,stayoutsidewiththem.Whenyou’recoldenoughtogoinside,theyprobablyaretoo.Ifyoumustleavethemoutsideforalongtime,makesuretheyhaveawarm,solidshelteragainstthewind,thickbedding,andplentyofnon-frozenwater.

Ifleftaloneoutside,dogsandcatscanbeverysmartintheirsearchforwarmshelter.Theycandigintosnowbanksorhidesomewhere.Watchthemcloselywhentheyareleftoutdoors,andprovidethemwithshelterofgoodquality.Keepaneyeonyourpet’swater.Sometimesownersdon’trealizethatawaterbowlhasfrozenandtheirpetcan’tgetanythingtodrink.Animalsthatdon’thavecleanandunfrozenwatermaydrinkdirtywateroutside,whichmaycontainsomethingunhealthyforthem.

44.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?

A.Tosolveaproblem.B.Togivepracticaladvice.

C.Totellaninterestingstory.D.Topresentaresearchresult.

[点拨]B作者意图题。

有第一段最后一句话Therearethingsyoucandotokeepyouranimalwarmandsafe.及二、三段可知选B。

例2（xx·四川）

Onahill600feetabovethesurroundingland,wewatchthelinesofrainmoveacrossthescene,themoonriseoverthehills,andthestarsappearinthesky.Theviewsinvitealonglookfromafortablechairinfrontofthewoodenhouse.

Everywindowinourwoodenhousehasaview,andtheforestandlakesseldomlookthesameasthehourbefore.Eachlookremindsuswhereweare.

Thereisspaceforourthreeboystoplayoutside,toshootarrows,collecttreeseeds,buildearthhousesandclimbtrees.

Ourkidshavelearnedthenamesofthetrees,andwiththenameshaveefamiliarityandappreciation.Astheytellallwhoshowevenapassinginterest,maple（枫叶）makesthebestfightingsticksandwhitepinesarethebestclimbingtrees.

Theairiscleanandfresh.Thewaterfromthewellhasapleasanttaste,anditisperhapsthehealthiestwaterourkidswilleverdrink.Thoughtheyhaveoneglassadayofjuiceandtherestiswater,theyneversayanythingagainstthat.

Theseasonschangejustoutsidethedoor.Wewatchthemaplesturneveryshadeofyellowandredinthefallandnotethepoplars'（杨树）puttingoutthefirstgreenleavesofspring.Therainbowsmellfillsthelocalstreamastheicegraduallydisappears,andthewoodfrogsstarttosinginpoolsafterbeingfrozenforthewinter.Afamilyofbirdsrulesourskiesand（liesoverthelake.

42.Bymentioningthenamesofthetrees,theauthoraimstoshowthat_____.

A.thekidslikeplayingintrees

B.thekidsareveryfamiliarwithtrees

C.thekidshavelearnedmuchknowledge

D.thekidsfindtreesusefullearningtools

[点拨]C作者目的意图。

根据第四段的第二句：

Astheytellallwhoshowevenapassinginterest,可以推断出，作者提到这么多树木的名字，说明了孩子们学到了很多。

故答案C符合文意。

Thepassageiswrittento__________

A.talkaboutparents'influenceontheirchildren'sbehavior

B.encourageparentstosetagoodexampletotheirchildren

C.adviseparentstomakereadingapartoftheirchildren'sdailylife

D.makeparentsbelieveintheimportanceofearlyreading

Exercise2

Aputervirusisaprogramorpieceofcodethatisloadedontoyourputerwithoutyourknowledgeandrunsagainstyourwishes.Allputervirusesaremanmade.Herearesomeviruspreventiontips.

Question:

MrPickwickandpaintingsbeautyof18thcenturyareusedasexamplestoshowthat______.

A.fatnesswasconsideredsomethinggoodatonetime

B.afatmanisacheerfulcharacter

C.beautyshouldbeoverweight

D.fatnessleadstoanincreasedriskofdiseases

Exercise4

Wilson'sdoctorssuggestedhetakethedrugSutent,buttheNHS（英国国名健身保险制度）refusedtofundthe￡3,500-a-monthbill.Onlylastmonth,WilsonwroteintheDailyMirror,"IlovetheNHS.Ilovethenurses,assistantsanddoctorswholookedaftermewithsuchcareanddevotion.I'vebeenpayingNHScontributionssincemyfirstjobat17.They'llgivemeafaceliftbutwillnotpayforthedrugwhichwilltreatmycancer”.

Question:

BytellinghisownexperienceabouttheNHS,Wilsonshowedthat

A.helovedtheNHS

B.theNHSshouldpayforthedrag,Sutent,whichwouldtreathim

C.peopleshouldpaylargercontributionstotheNHS',

D.hehadmadenocontributionstotheNHS

II.篇章练习

Exercise1

Sometimesknownas"TheBigApple"or"TheCityThatNeverSleeps",NewYorkisboththemostpopulouscityintheUSAandaleadingcenterofbusiness,merce,financeandmedia.Thecityisoftenreferredtoas"NewYorkCity",inordertodistinguishitfromthestateitisin.Thecityispartofalargemetropolitan（大都市的）area,andthebinedcitypopulationisbeyond18.7million.

NewYorkCityismadeupoffiveboroughs（行政区）andanothernicknameofthecityis"TheFiveBoroughs".Thefiveboroughsare:

TheBronx.Brooklyn,Manhattan,QueensandStatenIsland.

TherearemanyfamousbuildingsandsightsinNewYork.especiallyinManhattan.TheseincludetheEmpireStateBuilding,theFlatironBuildingandtheUnitedNationsBuilding.WhenyouvisitNewYork,makesureyouseeCentralPark.TimesSquare,Chinatown.LittleItalyandofcoursetheStatueofLiberty.Additionally,therearemanywonderfulmuseumsinNewYork.sometrulyexcellentshops,someoftheworld'sbesttheatersintheBroadwayarea.andtheneighborhoodsofGreenwichVillageandSoHowhicharewell-knownfortheartistswhoresidethere.

GettingaroundNewYorkCityissimple---thecity'ssubwaynetworkisoneofthemostprehensiveintheworld,connectingallpartsofManhattaninrapidtime.However,thebestwaytoseeNewYorkisundoubtedlyonfoot.CentralParkisanidealplacetostartawalkingtourofNewYorkCity---843acresofshiningpondsandlushgreeneryattractlocalsandtourists.Andapartfromofferingbreathtakingscenery,itisacentreforrecreation.Visitorscanlistentomusicgroups,watchperformers,walkalongthetrailsandeventakearomanticri