GRE考试作文笔记.docx
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GRE考试作文笔记
一、是非判断类
领域相关
Inthefieldofscience,expertswouldachievefurtherconspicuousaccomplishmentsthanbeginnersdo.
Intherealmofarts,however,beginners’contributionswoulddwarfthoseofexperts.
Inadditiontotheaforementionedtwocases,wewouldbenefitfromtakingintoconsiderationsomescenarios,education,forexample,inwhichthesignificanceofbeginners’andexperts’contributionsareratherconditional.
不矛盾的：
Notmutuallyexclusive
Notcontradictory
AsuperficialconflictbetweenAandBconcealsaharmoniousrelationshipbetweenthem.
同意、反对
Appreciatesth
Givesupporttosth
Sympathizewithsth
Donotreserveanyapprovalofsth
Failtoconcedesth
Opposetosth
Myperspectivedivergesfromsth
Reserveapprovalofsth
二、因果类
既要提到原因也要提到结果
三、两种看法类
两种都要提及
题目同义改写
Somepeoplebelievethatthepurposeofeducationistofreethemindandthespirit.Othersbelievethatformaleducationtendstorestrainourmindsandspiritsratherthansetthemfree.
Thedebateconcerningeducation,includingtheroleitshouldassumeandconsequencederivingfromit,hasneverceasedandevengainedfurthervigorinthecurrentsociety.Somepeopleemphasizethegoalofeducationtoliberatestudents’soul;attheothersideofthisdebate,however,liesotherpeople’saversiontoeducationsinceitisbelievedtoimpedeourthinking.Takingthesetwoviewsintoconsideration,Iarguethat…
四、敌方看法类
要提到哪些用来反驳你的例子和理由。
我的看法
我的看法
敌方看法：
敌方看法+敌方的理由+我对敌方的评价
①有些人会反对我，它们认为应该推翻不正义的法律。
②他们会举出历史上的一系列以推翻不正义法律为目的的运动、起义或革命。
在他们看来，当法律威胁到人们的根本利益时就应该推翻。
[提到敌方反对我的具体理由（对应instruction中的reasonsand/orexamples）]
③但我认为，就算法律威胁到了我们的根本利益，也不代表我们应该推翻这些法律。
而面对不正义的法律，我们首先要确认它是对大多数人都不正义，并且要确认我们是有能力推翻它的。
[我的评价（我认为敌方看法是对的还是错的）]
五、建议类
让步
观点1
观点2
Remainsuperficial流于肤浅，流于形式
Studentswouldintuitivelydrawalinkbetweenparents’absenceandindifference.
结果：
consequence,result,outcome,effect,ramification
好的结果:
positive,desirable,beneficial,promising
坏的结果:
negative,undesirable,detrimental,deleterious
眼下的结果:
short-termconsequence
长远的结果:
long-termconsequence
导致xx的结果:
leadto/cause/resultin/contributeto/bringabout/trigger/generate/invite
段落写法：
思维模版+对主题句的解释
解释：
事理解释（推理过程）and/or事例解释（紧扣事理（句子和词汇））
狂用逻辑连接词
ActiveVerbs:
Thewriterisfamousallovertheworld.
Thewriterreceivesworldwidereputation.
Thispolicyisbadtotheenvironment.
Thispolicyjeopardizestheenvironment,
Thepoorareunfairlytreated.
Thepoorsufferunfairtreatment.
Thewriterbecomesmoreandmorefamous.
Thereputationofthiswriterswells.（balloon,mushroom,snowball）
Thispolicygetslessandlessimportant
Theimportanceofthispolicypales（shrink,ebb,waneandwax）
Mostofhisbooksconfusereaders
Mostofhisbookseludereaders.
Successkepteludingme,yetmypassionabides.
Whatweareexploringnowareinalotofcasesnewfields,whichourancestorsbarelyknow.Thereforeitisreasonabletoconcludethatthepastachievementsdonothaveadecisiveinfluenceonourexploration.
Argument
还原推理过程+结合Instruction
事实性信息
假设性信息
结论性信息
四类：
1.
提出新证据
用新证据正反评价原argument
例子：
Tobeginwith,despitethecurrentevidenceprovidedbytheauthor,wewouldneedadditionalevidencetobetterevaluatetheclaimthatthenewjazzclubwouldhavethelocalmarketalltoitself.Asurvey,forexample,whichinvestigatesthelocaltransportationcondition,wouldbeofgreatsignificancetohelpusassesstheclaim.Ifthesurveyrevealsthatthepotentialcustomerspossesstheirowncars,ortheyhaveeasyaccesstopublictransportationtools,thentheauthor’sclaimmightbeoverlyoptimistic.Onthecontrary,ifthesurveyshowsthatthelocaltransportationconditionisextremelylimited,thenwetendtobelievetheauthor’sclaim,namely,thenewjazzclubwouldovershadowtheoldoneintermsofdistanceanditwoulddominatethemarket.
2.
中间那层的假设是否成立，如果不成立的话就xxx
例子：
Tobeginwith,theargumentisunconvincingduetothequestionablestatedassumptionthatthenewjazzclubwouldhavethelocalmarketalltoitself.Firstly,theassumptionwouldbeinvalidatedifthepotentialcustomerspossessprivatevehiclesorhaveeasyaccesstopublictransportationtools.Inaddition,thepossibilitythattheoldjazzclubisequippedwithotherattractions,suchasappealingmusicoragreeableenvironment,wouldalsounderminetheassumption.Whatismore,ifitturnsoutthatanothermorecompetitivejazzclubisestablishedinthenearfuture,theproposedjazzclubmightlostitsdominance.Allofthepreviousscenarioswouldservetoweakentheauthor’sassumptionconcerningthepotentialmarketofthenewjazzclub,andoncesuchanassumptionisweakened,theconclusionoftheargumentisthenopentodoubt.
3.
问问题，给答案
用答案来正反评价这个建议
例子：
Tobeginwith,althoughtheauthorpassionatelyendorsestheestablishmentofanewjazzclub,weshouldraisemorequestionstobetterevaluatetheclaimthatnewjazzclubwouldhavethelocalmarketalltoitself.Forinstance,weneedtoknowwhetherthepotentialcustomerspossesstheirowncarsorhaveeasyaccesstopublictransportationtools.Ifitturnsoutthatalmosteveryoneownsacar,orpublictransportationvehiclesservepeoplewell,thentheauthor’sclaimwouldbethrownintodoubt.Onthecontrary,iftheauthorprovidesanegativeanswertothepreviousquestion,thenweareinclinedtobelievethatpeoplewouldassignmorepreferencetothenewjazzclubanditwouldthusoccupythelocalmarket.
4.
给其他的解释
例子：
AlthoughthewriterofthisargumentattributestherelativelybetterstateinLeevilletoitsrelaxedpaceoflocallife,beforeweexamineotherpossibleexplanations,itremainshastytoregardthewriter’sexplanationastheonlyreasonableone.Forinstance,itislikelythatLeevillepeople’shealthierstatespringsfrommoreagreeablenaturalenvironment,whichexertsadirectimpactonpeople’sphysicalconditions;itisofequalpossibilitythatharmoniousinterpersonalrelationshipinLeevillecouldhavealsocontributedtolocalpeople’shealthiermentalconditions;whatismore,wecannotdenythescenarioinwhichLeevillepeoplearebornhealthier.Toputitinotherwords,geneticfactorscouldhavealsogivenrisetothefactmentionedintheargument.Unlesstheauthormanagestoruleoutallthepreviouspossibilities,Iarguethathisinterpretationisoneofthepossibleexplanations,atbest.
句子整理
中文
1.许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少，以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车，而车上可能已经满载乘客。
2.没有人能否认：
教育是人生最重要的一方面。
3.在给出我的观点之前，我想看看双方的观点是重要的。
4.这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。
5.对大多数人来讲，退休以后，阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源。
6.第二方面，失业的人似乎太多而又没有足够的工作岗位。
7.近些年，父母要求他们的孩子接受的教育呈增长的势头。
8.现在，父母亲留在家里照顾孩子而不愿过早返回工作岗位正成为增加的趋势。
9.通过以上讨论，我们有理由相信在人们的生活和经济发展方面，基础建设比艺术文化项目发挥更大的作用。
10.我认为，首先应该看看学生在校园里可能遇到哪些问题。
11.许多年轻人一提到时尚服装就兴高采烈。
他们似乎被时尚服装那多彩的面料，各种不同的款式所吸引。
12.同时，仍有许多持传统观点的人为全日制学校对孩子的学习发挥着及其重要的作用。
13.我认为，传统技术方法的消亡不一定是坏事，这是社会进步的自然结果。
14.全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
15.听音乐能使我们放松。
16.做运动与健康息息相关。
17.现在，愈来愈多的人认识到法制教育的重要性。
为了维护社会治安，我们没人都应该接受法制教育。
18.由于人口的猛增或大量的人口流动（现代交通工具是这种流动相对容易）引发的种种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。
19.我的观点是，在我们的社会里，人人都有许多机遇，但是只有那些做好充分准备并且高度称职的人才能利用机遇达到目的。
20.阿德勒这句话很正确，教育不能随着毕业而结束。
1.Manycityresidentscomplainthatitissofewbusesintheircitythattheyhavetospendmuchmoretimewaitingforabus,whichisusuallycrowdedwithalargenumberofpassengers.
2.Noonecandenythefactthataperson’seducationisthemostimportantaspectofhislife.
3.Beforegivingmyopinion,Ithinkitisimportanttolookattheargumentsonbothsides.
4.Thisissuehascausedwidepublicconcern.
5.Forpeoplewhowanttoadoptahealthyandmeaningfullifestyle,itisimportanttofindtimetolearncertainnewknowledge.Justasanoldsayinggoes:
itisnevertoolatetolearn.
6.Inthesecondplace,thereseemtobetoomanypeoplewithoutjobandnotenoughjobposition.
7.Thereisagrowingtendencyforparentstoasktheirchildrentoacceptextraeducationalprogramsovertherecentyears.
8.Thereisagrowingtendencyforparentsthesedaystostayathometolookaftertheirchildreninsteadofreturningtoworkearlier.
9.Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,itwouldbereasonabletobelievethatbasicprojectsplayfarmoreimportantrolethanartisticandculturalprojectsinpeople’slifeandeconomicgrowth.
10.Asforme,itisessentialtoknow,atfirst,whatkindofproblemsyoungstudentspossiblewouldencounteroncampus.
11.Manyyoungpeoplealwaysgointorapturesatthemerelymentionofbuyingfashionclothes.Andtheyseemtobeattractedbycolorfulmaterial,variousstylesoffashionclothes.Thereisnothing,theymaintain,thatcan’tbecomparedwithfashionclothes.Infact,fashionclotheshadbecomeindispensablepartofyoungster’slife.
12.Atthesametime,therearestillmanypeoplewholiveunderthetraditionaldayschoolsplayanextremelyimportantroleinchildren’sstudy.
13.Asforme,thedecliningoftraditionaltechnologyandmethodsisnotabadthing;itisthenaturalresultofprogressofsociety.
14.Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthattreesareindispensabletous.
15.Listeningtomusicenablesustofeelrelaxed.
16.Takingexerciseiscloselyrelatedtohealth.
17.Todayanincreasingnumberofpeoplehaverealizedthatlaweducationisofgreatimportance.Inordertokeeplawandorder,everyoneofusissupposedtogetalaweducation.
18.Additionalsocialstressedmayalsooccurbecauseofthepopulationexplosionorproblemsarisingfrommassmigrationmovements--themselvesmaderelativelyeasynowadaysbymodernmeansoftransport.
19.Inmyopinion,thereareplentyofopportunitiesforeveryoneinoursociety,butonlythosewhoarepreparedadequatelyandqualifiedhighlycanmakeuseofthemtoachievepurpose.
20.Alder
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