18学年高中英语Unit5Thepowerofnature单元质量评估6170714238.docx
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18学年高中英语Unit5Thepowerofnature单元质量评估6170714238
单元质量评估（五）
时间：
100分钟 分数：
120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Thoughlargercitiesweremostlyspared，Sunday'stornadoesdamagedsomesmalltownsinthemiddleoftheUS.OneofthehardesthitwasVan，Texas，atownofabout2，600peoplelocated70milessoutheastofDallas.Windstherereachedupto140milesperhouranddamagedabout30percentofthearea.Weatherexpertssayitwasthestrongesttornadotohitthetowninmorethan70years.
EmergencyworkersinVanmovedquicklytohelpthoseaffected，buttwopeoplewerekilledandmorethantwodozenwereinjuredbythetornado'swinds.AdriverinthenearbytownofCorsicanawaskilledbyfloodwatersthathadrisenafterthestorm.
InLakeCity，Iowa，atornadotoretheroofoffSouthCentralCalhounHighSchool.Onehundredandfiftypeoplehadgatheredinthesafetyoftheschool'sbasement，andallescapedwithoutmajorharm.
Ninepeoplewereinjuredinthe130-mphwindsofatornadothattoucheddowninDelmont，SouthDakota，buttornadoesweren'ttheonlysevereweatherthatstatesawonSunday.ResidentsintheBlackHillsregionwerefacedwithalate-springsnowfallof10to18inches.
ScientistsmeasuretornadoesusingtheEnhancedFujita（EF）Scale.Itcategorizestornadoesbasedontheamountofdamagetheycauseandtheirestimatedwindspeed.EF1tornadoesaretheweakest，whileEF5tornadoesaretheseverest.ThetornadoinVanwascategorizedasanEF3.
Althoughtornadoescanhappeninanystate，theyaremostcommoninthecentralUS.Thisiswhythatpartofthecountryisnicknamed（给……起绰号）TornadoAlley.Thoughthispastweekend'sstormsweredamaging，theywerenotabnormalforthistimeofyear.MoretornadoeshittheUSinMaythaninanyothermonth，accordingtotheNationalWeatherService（NWS）．
“We'vehadatleastonetornadoreportedsomewhereinthenationeverydaysinceMay2，”weatherexpertGregCarbinsaid.“It'sadangeroustimeofyear.”
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。
龙卷风席卷了美国中部。
1．WhichpartoftheUSwashitbytornadoesonSunday?
A．Thecentralpart. B．Theeasternpart.
C．Thewesternpart.D．Thesouthernpart.
解析：
细节理解题。
由第一段中的“Sunday'stornadoesdamagedsomesmalltownsinthemiddleoftheUS.”可知，周日美国中部受到了龙卷风的袭击。
答案：
A
2．WhathappenedtopeopleinSouthCentralCalhounHighSchool?
A．Theywerekilledbyfloodwaters.
B．Theysurvivedthetornadoluckily.
C．Theywerebadlyhurtbythestorm.
D．Theywerenotinfluencedbythetornado.
解析：
推理判断题。
由第三段中的“Onehundredandfiftypeoplehadgatheredinthesafetyoftheschool'sbasement，andallescapedwithoutmajorharm”可推断学校的人因为提前躲到了地下室里而很幸运地从龙卷风中幸存下来。
答案：
B
3．Whichtornadoesarethestrongest?
A．EF1tornadoes.B．EF3tornadoes.
C．EF4tornadoes.D．EF5tornadoes.
解析：
细节理解题。
由倒数第三段中的“whileEF5tornadoesaretheseverest”可知。
答案：
D
4．ThenicknameTornadoAlleyisconnectedwith________．
A．aweatherexpertB．thearea'sclimate
C．thearea'slandformD．thecreationoftheEFScale
解析：
推理判断题。
由倒数第二段开头的“Althoughtornadoescanhappeninanystate，theyaremostcommoninthecentralUS...TornadoAlley”可知，美国中部之所以有“龙卷风巷”的绰号是因为这一地区经常遭遇龙卷风。
据此可推断，该绰号和该地的气候有关系。
答案：
B
B
DorisCarvalho，awomanfromTampa，Americahascomeupwithanoriginalwayofcombininghertwogreatestpassions－veterinaryscience（兽医学）andfashion.Sherecyclesdoghairandchangesitintohigh－enddesignerhandbags.
Dorisloveshernewjobsomuchthatshehopestochangeitintoabusiness—she'scurrentlyrunningaKickstartercampaigntoraise$15，000towardthatpurpose.That'sjustenoughmoneytomakeherfirstlineof30handbagsandpayformarketing.
“Thesehandbagsprovethathigh－endcanbemadeeco－friendlyfromyourpetforyou，”shepointedout.“Iturndoghairthatwouldberubbishanywhereelseintheworldintothesehandbags.Iuseittomakethethread.It'sreusedandrecycled.”
IttakesDorisabout50hourstocompleteeachonehandbagwithoutanymachines.Sheneedsabouttwopoundsoffurperhandbagandsheinsiststhatthecompletedhandbagisassoftasanyotherfur.Itispricedat$1，000，butshesaysthatthepricewouldgodowniftheproductsweretoevergointomassproduction.“IhopeinthefutureIcanmakeitcheaperandsellmuchcheaperforeveryone，”shesaid.
Wearen'tsurehowwellthesehandbagsareselling，butaccordingtoJaimeCalderbank，ownerofOneLuckyDoginStPetersburg，italldependsonhowmuchpeoplearewillingtodisplaytheirlovefortheirdogs.“Ithinkafewofthemthatreallylovetheirdogswouldlikesomethinglikethat，”shesaid.
Dorishasmanagedtoraisejust$350eversinceshestartedthecampaign，butshehas50daystoreachher$15，000goal.“Ihopepeoplewholikethecampaigncanhelp，”shesaid.“Anycontributioniswelcome.”
【语篇解读】 多丽丝用废弃的狗毛做成高端手提包。
5．WhatdoyouknowaboutDorisCarvalho?
A．Shemakeshandbagsfromdoghair.
B．Sheisstudyingveterinaryscience.
C．Shestudiedfashiondesignincollege.
D．Sheraiseshomelessdogsinherhometown.
解析：
细节理解题。
根据第一段“Sherecyclesdoghairandchangesitintohigh－enddesignerhandbags.”可知，多丽丝用狗毛做手提包。
答案：
A
6．WhydidDorisCarvalhostarttheKickstartercampaign?
A．Toletmorepeopleknowherhandbags.
B．Tocollectdoghairtomakehandbags.
C．Tohelpprotecttheenvironment.
D．Toraisesomemoneyforherbusiness.
解析：
细节理解题。
根据第二段“...shehopestochangeitintoabusiness—she'scurrentlyrunningaKickstartercampaigntoraiseD|S15，000towardthatpurpose.”可知，多丽丝想要把用狗毛做手提包当成一项事业，所以她在Kickstarter众筹平台筹钱。
答案：
D
7．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________．
A．itisnoteasytoreuseandrecycledoghair
B．doghairisthemostsuitablematerialforhandbags
C．whatDorishasdonebenefitsthesurroundings
D．noonesupportedDorisCarvalho'scampaign
解析：
推理判断题。
根据第三段内容可知，多丽丝把被当作垃圾的狗毛做成手提包，这使得狗毛被回收和再利用，由此可推知，多丽丝的手提包对环境有益。
答案：
C
C
Alltradeinfivenamedspeciesofsharksistoberegulated（管制）fromnowon.Withoutapermit，thesaleoftheirmeatorfins（鳍）willbeforbidden.
TheregulationwasagreedlastyearatameetingoftheConventiononInternationalTradeinEndangeredSpeciesinThailand.Accordingtotherules，thewhitetip（白鳍鲨），theporbeagle（鼠鲨），andthreevarietiesofhammerheadwillbeprotected.Besides，mantarays（比目鱼），valuedfortheirgills（鳃）whichareusedinChinesemedicine，willalsobeprotected.
Theactionisseenasthemostimportantoneinthe40－yearhistorytoprotectthesespecies.
“Regulatinginternationaltradeinthesesharkandmantarayspecieshasagreateffectontheirsurvivalandisaveryclearwayofhelpingtoprotectsharksandouroceans，”saidSecretaryGeneralJohnScanlon.“Thepracticalstepswillinvolveissuessuchaslimitingexportlevels，andidentifyingthefins，gillsandmeatthatareintrade.Thismayseemchallenging，butbyworkingtogetherwecandoitandwewilldoit.”
Undertherules，alltradeinthesesharksandraysacross180countrieswillnotbeallowedunlesstheyhavegottheirpermitsgivenbythenationalrelatedorganization.
Asamatteroffact，tradeinsharkfinshasalreadydecreasedgreatlyasaresultofcampaignstoraiseawareness.Recentlyithasbeenreportedthatsaleshavegonedownby70%.Earlierthisyearthehotelgiant，HiltonWorldwidestoppedservingsharkfinsatits96ownedandmanagedAsia－Pacifichotels.
However，Denmark，Canada，Guyana，Japan，IcelandandYemenhaveallannouncedtheywillnotfollowthenewrulesandwillcontinuetofishforsomeorallofthesespecies.Undertheregulationsthough，theyareonlyabletotradewithothercountriesthatarealsoreadytoignoretherules.
Officialspointoutthatforsuchaquestionedissue，thenumberofcountrieswhichisgoingtocontinuethetradeissmall.
【语篇解读】 去年在泰国的一个国际会议上，与会人员通过了保护鲨鱼和比目鱼的规定。
人们需要获得许可证才能捕杀和交易鲨鱼。
8．Thepurposeofputtingthenewrulesintoforceisto_______．
A．limitpeople'stradeinoceananimals'meat
B．protectsomespeciesofsharksagainstoverfishing
C．letfishersknowtheimportanceofprotectingsharks
D．preventbighotelsfromservingsharks'meat
解析：
细节理解题。
根据第一、二段内容可知，实施新规定的目的是保护五种鲨鱼和比目鱼，只有获得许可，人们才可以捕捞和贩卖这些鲨鱼。
答案：
B
9．Whichofthefollowingdoesn'tbelongtospeciesofsharks?
A．Themantaray.
B．Theporbeagle.
C．Thewhitetip.
D．Thehammerhead.
解析：
细节理解题。
根据第二段“Accordingtotherules，thewhitetip，theporbeagle，andthreevarietiesofhammerheadwillbeprotected.Besides，mantarays...”可知，比目鱼不属于鲨鱼。
答案：
A
10．WhatcanbeinferredfromJohnScanlon'swordsinParagraph4?
A．Theregulationmayhavesomenegativeeffectsonsharks.
B．Theexportofsharks'meatwillbecalledoffinsomeperiods.
C．It'snearlyimpossibletocarryouttheregulationworldwide.
D．Officialsareconfidentthattheregulationshaveapromisingfuture.
解析：
推理判断题。
根据第四段“Thismayseemchallenging，butbyworkingtogetherwecandoitandwewilldoit.”可知，约翰认为虽然很具有挑战性，但是只要人们一起努力，保护鲨鱼的行动就会成功，由此可推知，官方对新规定的前景很看好。
答案：
D
11．HiltonWorldwideisagoodexampleof________．
A．people'sgettingtheirpermitstotradeinsharkfins
B．asuccessfulcompany'smanagingitswealth
C．people'sbeginningtostopeatingsharkfins
D．people'sraisingawarenesstoprotectsharks
解析：
推理判断题。
根据第六段内容可知，随着保护鲨鱼意识的提高，鲨鱼交易已经大幅度减少了。
希尔顿酒店停止向顾客出售鱼翅，这给提高保护鲨鱼意识做出了好的表率。
答案：
D
D
Wanttohelpfightglobalwarming？
Takeoffyourtie，saystheItalianhealthministry.
Ithasurgedemployerstolettheirstaffdresscasuallyatworkinthesummersothattheairconditioningcanbeturneddown.
“Takingyourtieoffimmediatelylowersthebodytemperatureby2or3degreescentigrade，”theministrysaidinastatement.“Allowingamoresensibleuseofairconditioningbringsaboutelectricitysavingsandprotectstheenvironment.”
ItcalledonallpublicandprivateofficestoletemployeeswearnotieduringheatwavesliketheonethathasbroughtAfrica-liketemperaturestoma
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