清华04考博试题文档格式.docx
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C.slack
D.shrill
23.Hetoldastoryabouthissisterwhowasinasad__________whenshewasillandhadnomoney.
A.plight
B.polarization
C.plague
D.pigment
24.Headdeda__________tohisletterbysayingthathewouldarrivebefore8pm.
A.presidency
B.prestige
C.postscript
D.preliminary
25.Somelinguistsbelievethatthe__________ageforchildrenlearningaforeignlanguageis5to8.
A.optimistic
B.optional
C.optimal
D.oppressed
26.Itallstartedin1950,whenpeoplebegantobuildtheirhousesonthe__________oftheircities.
A.paradises
B.omissions
C.orchards
D.outskirts
27.Themeetingwas__________overbythemayorofthecity.
A.presumed
B.proposed
C.presented
D.presided
28.Thecrowd__________intothehallandsomehadtostandoutside.
A.outgrew
B.overthrew
C.overpassed
D.overflew
29.Itwasclearthatthestorm__________hisarrivalbytwohours.
A.retarded
B.retired
C.refrained
D.retreated
30.Thisproblemshouldbediscussedfirst,forittakes__________overalltheotherissues.
A.precedence
B.prosperity
C.presumption
D.probability
31.Hersadnesswasobvious,butshebelievedthatherfeelingofdepressionwas__________.
A.torrent
B.transient
C.tensile
D.textured
32.Nobodyknewhowhecameupwiththis__________ideaaboutthetrip.
A.weary
B.twilight
C.unanimous
D.weird
33.Theflowerunderthesunwould__________quicklywithoutanyprotection.
A.wink
B.withhold
C.wither
D.widower
34.The__________ofgiftedchildrenintoacceleratedclasseswillstartnextweekaccordingtotheiracademicperformance.
A.segregation
B.specification
C.spectrum
D.subscription
35.He__________himselfbitterlyforhismiserablebehaviorthatevening.
A.repealed
B.resented
C.relayed
D.reproached
36.Anyearthquakethattakesplaceinanyareaiscertainlyregardedasakindofa__________event.
A.cholesterol
B.charcoal
C.catastrophic
D.chronic
37.Hecutthestringandheldupthetwo__________totiethebox.
A.segments
B.sediments
C.seizures
D.secretes
38.Allthemusicinstrumentsintheorchestrawillbe__________beforeitstarts.
A.civilized
B.chattered
C.chambered
D.chorded
39.Whentheairinacertainspaceissqueezedtooccupyasmallerspace,theairissaidtobe__________.
A.commenced
B.compressed
C.compromised
D.compensated
40.Shemadetwocopiesofthispoemandpostedthem__________todifferentpublishers.
A.sensationally
B.simultaneously
C.strenuously
D.simply
PartⅢ
ReadingComprehension(40%)
Thereare4readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsofunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandthenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
Questions41to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Eachyear,millionsofpeopleinBangladeshdrinkgroundwaterthathasbeenpollutedbynaturallyhighlevelsofarsenicpoison.Findingsafedrinkingwaterinthatcountrycanbeaproblem.However,InternationalDevelopmentEnterpriseshasalow-costanswer.Thisnon-governmentalorganizationhasdevelopedtechnologytoharvestrainwater.
Peoplearoundtheworldhavebeenharvestingrainwaterforcenturies.Itisasafe,dependablesourceofdrinkingwater.Unlikegroundwater,rainwatercontainsnomineralsorsaltsandisfreeofchemicaltreatments.Bestofall,itisfree.
TherainwaterharvestingsystemcreatedbyInternationalDevelopmentEnterprisesusespipestocollectwaterfromthetopsofbuildings.Thepipesstretchfromthetopsofbuildingstoatwo-metertallstoragetankmadeofmetal.Atthetopofthetankisaso-called“first-flush”devicemadeofwirescreen.Thisbarrierpreventsdirtandleavesinthewaterfromfallinginsidethetank.
Afittedcoversitsoverthe“first-flush”device.Itprotectsthewaterinsidethetankfromevaporating.Thecoveralsopreventsmosquitoinsectsfromlayingeggsinthewater.
Insidethetankisalowcoatplasticbagthatcollectsthewater.Thebagsitsinsideanotherplasticbagsimilartothoseusedtoholdgrains.Thetwobagsaresupportedinsidethemetaltank.Alltotal,thewaterstoragesystemcanholduptothree-thousand-five-hundredlitersofwater.InternationalDevelopmentEnterprisessaystheinnerbagsmayneedtobereplacedeverytwotothreeyears.However,ifthebagsarenotdamagedbysunlight,theycouldlastevenlonger.
InternationalDevelopmentEnterprisessaysthewaterharvestingsystemshouldbebuiltonaraisedstructuretopreventinsectsfromeatingintoitatthebottom.Thetotalcosttobuildthisrainwaterharvestingsystemisaboutfortydollars.However,InternationalDevelopmentEnterprisesexpectsthepricetodropovertime.Thegroupsaysonetankcanprovideafamilyoffivewithenoughrainwatertosurviveafive-monthdryseason.
41.PeopleinBangladeshcanuse__________asasafesourceofdrinkingwater.
A.groundwater
B.rainwater
C.drinkingwater
D.freshwater
42.Whichofthefollowingcontributestothelow-costofusingrainwater?
A.Rainwaterisfreeofchemicaltreatments.
B.Peoplehavebeenharvestingrainwaterforcenturies.
C.Thewaterharvestingsystemisbuiltonaplatform.
D.Rainwatercanbecollectedusingpipes.
43.Whichofthefollowingactuallypreventsdirtandleavesfromfallinginsidethetank?
A.abarrier
B.awirescreen
C.afirst-flush
D.astoragetank
44.Thebagsusedtoholdwaterarelikelytobedamagedby__________.
A.mosquitoinsects
B.afittedcover
C.afirst-flushdevice
D.sunlight
45.Whatshouldbedonetopreventinsectsfromeatingintothewaterharvestingsystematthebottom?
A.Thetwobagsholdingthewatershouldbeputinsidethemetaltank.
B.Theinnerbagsneedtobereplacedeverytwoyears.
C.Thewaterharvestingsystemshouldbebuiltonaplatform.
D.Acovershouldbeusedtopreventinsectsfromeatingit.
Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Whereonestageofchilddevelopmenthasbeenleftout,ornotsufficientlyexperienced,thechildmayhavetogobackandcapturetheexperienceofit.Agoodhomemakesthispossible,forexamplebyprovidingtheopportunityforthechildtoplaywithaclockworkcarortoyrailwaytrainuptoanyageifhestillneedstodoso.Thisprinciple,infact,underliesallpsychologicaltreatmentofchildrenindifficultieswiththeirdevelopment,andisthebasisofworkinchildclinics.
Thebeginningsofdisciplineareinthenursery.Eventheyoungestbabyistaughtbygradualstagestowaitforfood,tosleepandwakeatregularintervalsandsoon.Ifthechildfeelstheworldaroundhimisawarmandfriendlyone,heslowlyacceptsitsrhythmandaccustomshimselftoconformingtoitsdemands.Learningtowaitforthings,particularlyforfood,isaveryimportantelementinupbringing,andisachievedsuccessfullyonlyiftoogreatdemandsarenotmadebeforethechildcanunderstandthem.
Everyparentwatcheseagerlythechild'
sacquisitionofeachnewskill—thefirstspokenwords,thefirstindependentsteps,orthebeginningofreadingandwriting.Itisoftentemptingtohurrythechildbeyondhisnaturallearningrate,butthiscansetupdangerousfeelingoffailureandstatesofanxietyinthechild.Thismighthappenatanystage.Ababymightbeforcedtouseatoilettooearly,ayoungchildmightbeencouragedtolearntoreadbeforeheknowsthemeaningofthewordshereads.Ontheotherhand,though,ifachildisleftalonetoomuch,orwithoutanylearningopportunities,heloseshisnaturalzestforlifeandhisdesiretofindoutnewthingsforhimself.
Learningtogetherisafruitsourceofrelationshipbetweenchildrenandparents.Byplayingtogether,parentslearnmoreabouttheirchildrenandchildrenlearnmorefromtheirparents.Toysandgameswhichbothparentsandchildrencanshareareanimportantmeansofachievingthisco-operation.Building-blocktoys,jigsawpuzzlesandcrosswordaregoodexamples.
Parentsvarygreatlyintheirdegreeofstrictnessorindulgencetowardstheirchildren.Somemaybeespeciallystrictinmoneymatters,othersaresevereovertimesofcominghomeatnight,punctualityformealsorpersonalcleanliness.Ingeneral,thecontrolsimposedrepresenttheneedsoftheparentsandthevaluesofthecommunityasmuchasthechild'
sownhappinessandwell-be