全国职称英语等级考试理工类A级试题及答案.docx

全国职称英语等级考试理工类A级试题及答案.docx

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全国职称英语等级考试理工类A级试题及答案

【经典资料，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可编辑修改】

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2015年全国职称英语等级考试理工类（A级）试题及答案

第1部分：

词汇选项（第1～5题，每题l分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1　Withimmenserelief.Istoppedrunning.

　AsomeB、enormousClittleDextensive

2　Thescientistsbegantoaccumulatedata.

　AcollectBhandleCanalyzeDinvestigate

3　Jackeventuallyovertookthelasttruck.

　Ahit.BpassedCreachedDled

4　Sometimesitisadvisabletobookhotelsinadvance.

　ApossibleBprofitableCeasyDwise

5　Thereasonfortheirunusualbehaviorremainsapuzzle.

　AfactBmysteryCstatementDgame

6　Thatguyisreallywitty.

　AsmartBuglyChonorableDpopular

7　Theworldchampionsufferedasensationaldefeat.

　AreasonableBdramaticChumiliatingDhorrifying

8　ItseemsthatonlyMaryiseligibleforthejob.

　ApreparedBtrainedCqualifiedDguided

9　ThispoemdepictsthebeautifulsceneryofatownintheSouth.

　ApraisesBwritesCimitatesDdescribes

10Themeaningisstillobscure.

　AvagueBtransparentCalienDsignificant

11DumpedwastemightcontaminateWatersupplies.

　AdestroyBdecreaseCdelayDpollute

12OnetheorypostulatesthattheancientFilipinoscamefromIndiaandPersia.

　AassumesBexpectsCpredictsDconsiders

13Itisverydifficultforachildtoadheretorules.

　ArememberBfollowCunderstandDlearn

14IhopethatIdidn'tdoanythingabsurdlastnight.

　AawkwardBstrangeCstupidDawful

15Thereshouldbelawsthatprohibitsmokingaroundchildren.

　AforbidBadvocateCinheritDwithdraw

第2部分：

阅读判断（第16～22垒题，每题1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.

GreenRoofResearch

Theconceptofgreenroofsisbasicallyaboutgrowingplantsonroofs，thushelpingtoreplacethegreenfootprintthathadbeendestroyedduetotheconstructionofthebuilding.Greenroofsarethemostprevalent（流行）inGermany，whichiswidelyregardedastheleaderingreenroofresearch.

Thegreenroofsthatareusedthesedayscanbeclassifiedas'extensive'and

'intensive'systems.Extensivegreenroofsusemosses，grassesandherbs，whicharetoleranttodroughts.TheseplantsdonotReedmuchmaintenance.canbegrowninalayerofsubstrate（土层）thatcanbeasshallowasl.5inches，andgenerallyareinaccessibletothepublic.Incontrast,awiderangeofspeciesofplantsaregrownonintensivegreenroofs，suchasshrubs（灌木）andeventrees，whichrequiredeepersubstratelayers，andareusuallygrownonflatroofs.Theyneedintensivemaintenance,andareusuallyareasthatresembleparkswhichareaccessibletopeople.

Thereareseveralbenefitsofadoptinggreenrooftechnologies.Apartfromtheobviouspsychologicalandaesthetic（美学的）benefitsofgarden-likeenvironmentssurroundingyou，someofthecommoneconomicandecologicalbenefitsare：

areductionintheconsumptionofenergy；airandwaterpurification；recoveringgreenspaces；andthemitigation（缓解）oftheheatislandeffectinurbanareas.

Thegreenroofresearchthatiscurrentlyongoingisfocusedonevaluatingthespeciesofplantsthataresuitabletobegrownonroofs，themethodsofpropagation（繁殖）aswellasestablishment，nutrient（养料）andwaterrequirement，substrates，andthequantityandqualityofwaterrunoff.Theevaluationcriteriaofplantspeciesare：

atwhatratetheycanbeestablished：

theircapacitytowithstandinvasiveweeds：

toleranceofcoldandheat:

toleranceofdroughtconditions:

capacityofpersistenceandsurvival.

Anumberofexperimentsarebeingconductedonroofplatformsimulationsatvariousresearchcenters.Thesesitesaregenerallyoutfittedwithequipment，whichareusedtomeasuretemperaturesatdifferentdepthsofthegrowingsubstrates,andtherateandvolumeoftherunoffofstormwatersfromeachoftheplatforms.

Greenrooftechnologyisrepresentativeofacompletelynewmarketforlandscapecontractors.Andallroofsthatcurrentlyexistandthefutureonestobeconstructedarethepotentialmarket-amarketthatistoohugetobeoverlooked.

16　Itisestimatedthataround10percentoftheflatroofsinGermanyaregreen.

ARightB　WrongCNotmentioned

17　Germanpeoplepreferextensivegreenroofsystemstointensiveones.

ARightB　WrongCNotmentioned

18　Smallplantslikegrassesandherbsaregrownwidelyonintensivegreenroofs.

ARightB　WrongCNotmentioned

19　Greenroofisanecologicallysoundstrategyofspreadinggreeninurbanareas.

ARightB　WrongCNotmentioned

20　0neofthebenefitsofgreenroofsisthereductionoftheheatislandeffectincities.

ARightB　WrongCNotmentioned

210nefocus；nthegreenroofresearchistheevaluationofsuitableplantspecies.

ARightB　WrongCNotmentioned

22Althoughgreenrooftechnologycancreateagarden-likeenvironment，itspotentialmarketisrathersmall.

ARightB　WrongCNotmentioned

第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题l分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选择1个最佳标题；

（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

TheSupercomputerNetwork

1　Recently.tenlaboratoriesrunbygovernmentsindifferentpartsoftheworldhavebecomelinked。

Theircomputershavebeenconnectedsotheycan"talk"toeachother.ThismaynotseemMerydramaticnews，butitisthebeginningofadevelopmentthatwillincreasethepoweroftheInternettremendously：

2　TheInternetisaninterconnected（互联）systemofnetworksthat,connectscomputersroundtheworldandfacilitatesthetransmissionandexchangeofinformation.Thewaythatyouusetheinternetisbyaccessingthisnetwork.Thisdependsonthepowerthatyoursystemallowsyoutouse.Thepowerofyourcomputerisresponsibleforhowfastyoucandownload（下载）files，howmuchdatayoucanstore，etc.Ifyourcomputerisoldandslow,accessingtheinformationcanbeverydifficult.

3　Thenewdevelopmentininformationtechnologyhasbeencalled"thegrid"（网格技术），anditwillbeanetworkofcomputersthatarelinkedtogether,The"grid"willworkinadifferentwayfromtheInternet，enablingyoutogetthepowerofthebiggestcomputersintheworldonyourcomputer.Accessingtheinformationwillnolongerdependonthepowerofyourcomputer.Theideaisthatwhileyouaccessinformation,youwillalsohaveaccesstothepowerofthebiggercomputerstations.

4　0neadvantageofthisrevolutionaryideaisthatgeographicallocationwillbecomeirrelevant.The"grid"willdecidewhicharethebestpartsofaworldwidenetworktodothelobyouwant.ThismeansthatyoumaybeaccessingacomputerinJapantosolveaprobleminAlaska.

5　The"grid"canbecomparedtohavinganefficientpersonalassistant.Youcangiveyourassistantataskand"he"willdoitforyou.Theassistantwilldothepreliminaryresearch,collectthedata.Comparethemanddecideonthebestcourseofactionbyaccessinganyofthecomputercentresinthe"grid"thathappentohavetherelevantinformation.Allyouhavetodoisassignthetask,sitbackandwait.

6　Atpresent，possibleapplicationsofthe"grid"inscientificresearcharebeingexplored.WhileithastakenaboutfifteenyearsforInternetusetobecomewidespread,expertsbelievethatthe"grid"couldbeupandrunningforprivateindividualsfarmorequickly.Scientistsworkingon"grid"Projectsareconvincedthatitwillbeaswidelyusedasthewebinthenexttenyears.

23Paragraph2　　　

24Paragraph3　　　

25Paragraph4　　　

26Paragraph5　　　

AHowdoesthe"grid"work?

BPowershared

CJustmakearequest

DLimitationsofpresentInternetuse

EDistanceisnotaproblem

FAnewerafortheInternet

27Traditionallythepowerofyourcomputerdetermineshowfastyoucanaccess.

28The"grid"willenableyoutogetonyourcomputerthepowerofintheworld。

29The"grid"wouldbelike，whocanperformyourtasksefficiently.

30Itisbelievedthatthewidespreaduseofthe"grid"willbecomepossibleinthenext。

Athebiggercomputerstations

Btheadvantage

Ctenyears

Dinformation

Eyourpersonalassistant

Ffifteenyears

第4部分：

阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇

CentersoftheGreatEuropeanCities

ThecentersofthegreatcitiesofEuropearemeetingplacesbytradition.Peoplegathertheretodrinkcoffeeandchatlateintothenight.Amixtureoflocalsandtouristsmakeforanexciting，metropolitanatmosphere.

Squares，plazas（广场）andarcades（拱廊）formtheheartofEurope'scities.

VeniceinltalyhasthePiazzaSanMarco—abeautifulsquaresurroundedbyshops,churches,restaurantsandcafes.InBarcelona，Spain，LaBosqueriaisalivelymarketwithhundredsofstallssellingallkindsofgoods.London'sCoventGardenisfilledwithfruitandvegetablestallsbydayandmusicians，acrobats（杂技演员）andartistsbynight.Thegovernmentbuildingsatthecenterofmanycitiesoftenarearchitecturallyimpressive.InLondon，theyserveasabeautifulbackdrop（背景）tothecoffeetablesthatlinethestreetsandthebanksoftheThames.

Thesevibrant（有活力的）heartsaretheproductofcenturiesofevolution，socialhistorianJoelGarreautoldUSNewsandWorldReportrecently."ThereasonpeoplethinkVeniceissogreattodayisyoudon'tseeallthemistakes."saidGarreau."Thosehaveallbeenremoved."MostEuropeancitieswerelaidoutbeforetheinventionofthecar,sobars,restaurantsandcaféswereneartopeople'shomes.Today,thefocusofmanyEuropeans'lifehasmovedawayfromthecenters.Theyliveinthesuburbsandoutskirts.drivingtosupermarketstogettheirsupplies.Butonacontinentwherepeopletreasureconvention,therearestillthosewhoholdontotraditionalways,livingandshoppinglocally.Thesepeople,togetherwithtourists，providethecitycenterswiththeirreasonforexistence.

Coffeecultureplaysapartinkeep