高考英语考点解析复习讲义及练习题阅读理解推理判断1.docx

高考英语考点解析复习讲义及练习题阅读理解推理判断1.docx

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高考英语考点解析复习讲义及练习题阅读理解推理判断1

2012高考英语考点解析复习讲义及练习题--阅读理解推理判断1

Passage*******************（典型例题）

GivingBackFairWay

TheWestboroughHighSchoolgolfteamhadtakentheof-ficialphot

oswiththestateprize.Theotherteams,disappoint-ed,wereonthebusheadinghome.AndthenWestboroughin-structorGregRotanoticedsomethingwrongononeofthescorecards.A9hadbeenrecordedasa7.Theywerenotthestateprizewinner;WoburnHighhadwon."Noonewouldhaveknown,"saidWoburn'sinstructor,BobDoraruForRota,itwasn'tadifficultdecision."Theprizewasn'tourstotake.'

"CoinStars"

"Collegestudentsarelazy,buttheyalsowanttohelp"saysUniversityofPennsylvaniagraduateDanaHork.Soshemadeiteasy,placingcupsinroomswherestudentscouldleavetheirsparecoins,andhandingoutcupstofirst-yearstudentstokeepintheirrooms.Her"ChangeforChange"efforthascollected$40,000forcharities（慈善机构）,whichweredecideduponbystudents.NeverForgottenAschoolinMassachusettsreceiveda$9.5millioncheckfromJacquesLeBermuthButittookofficialsseveraldaysofdiggingtodiscoverhisconnectiontotheschoolRecordsshowedtheLeBermuthcamefromBelgiumandstudiedintheschoolinthe1920s.Whenhisfamilyfellonhardtimes,hewasofferedfreeroomandboard.LeBermuthbecameatrader,ownedsharesofAT&Tandlivedofftheearningsuntilhedied,atage89.

1.WhatdidGregRotaprobablydointheend?

A.TookphotosofDoran.

B.HadameetingwithDoran.

C.Returnedtheprizetotheorganizer.

D.ApologizedtoWoburnHighSchook

答案:

C指导：

考查根据文章内容进行推理判断的能力。

获奖队的教练自己发现了错误，而且决定这个奖不能拿，那么接下来推断肯定是要把奖送回去。

2.GregRota'sdecisionshowsthathewas_______.

A.honestB.polite

C.carefulD.friendly

答案:

A指导：

考查根据文章内容进行推理判断的能力。

从GregRota自己发现错误到决定把奖送回，表明他性格中的诚实。

因此答案为honest．

3.Theunderlinedword"Change"inthesecondparagraphmeans_______.

A.IdeaB.Decision

C.CupsD.Coins

答案:

D指导：

考查猜测词义的能力。

ChangeforChange中的第一个change指的是“零钱”，第二个change是表示“变化”。

两个change在一起肯定意思不同，关键在于首先应该明白change的不同含义，再根据文章内容进行判断。

因为募集的零钱都捐给了慈善机构，改变了其他一些人的生活。

所以介词for后面的change应该是目的表“变化”，那么第一个就是“零钱”。

4.WhatdidtheschoolofficialsdoafterreceivingthecheckfromMr.LeBermuth?

ATheytriedtofindoutwhyhegavethemthemoney.

B.TheywenttoBelgiumtopaytheirrespectstohim.

C.Theydugouttherecordsthatwereburiedunderground.

D.Theydecidedtooffertheirstudentsfreeroomandboard.

答案:

A指导：

考查对文章事实细节的理解，依据是第三段文字的第二句话。

5.JacquesLBermuthgavethemoneytotheschoolbecause_______.

A.theschoolaskedforit

B.hehadnoneedforthatmuchmoney

C.theschoolhadhelpedhiminthepast

D.hewantedtoberememberedbythestudents

答案:

C指导：

考查根据文章内容进行推理判断的能力。

学校在JacquesLeB-ermuth困难的时候帮助过他，所以他寄来950万美元的支票回报学校。

Pssage**************（典型例题）

ItwasanearlySeptemberday,coolandbrightandjustrightforrunning,andIwasinthefirstfewmilesofa10-mileraceoveracourse（路线）withafewhighhills.Still,Ifeltenergetic;despitethehillsitwasgoingtobeafinerun.

JustaheadofmewasPeggyMimno,ateacherfromMountKisco,NewYork.Shetoowasrunningeasily,movingalongatmyspeed.Thepace（步速）feltcomfortable,so1decidedtostaywhereIwas;whypayattentiontopacewhenshewassettingsuchaniceone?

I'dovertake（追上）herlateronwhenshetired.

SoIranbehindher.Thecourseheadednorthforfivemiles,wanderedwestforahillymile,thenturnedsouthagainalongawindingroad.Theracewasgettingharder.Wehadfourmilesleftandalreadyitwasbeginningtoberealwork.

Peggyovertookayoungrunner.Sheseemedtoknowhim,fortheyexchangedafewcheerfulwordsasshepassedhim.Theirexchangeworriedme.Youdon'tchatduringaraceunlessyouarefeelinggood,andPeggyplainlywas.

Still,Iwascloseenoughtoovertakeherifshetired,soIdidn'tgiveuphopecompletely.Weweregettingnearertoalongpunishinghillnowanditwouldbethetest.Wewereamilefromthefinishline,sowhateverhappenedonthehillwouldalmostcertainlydeterminewhocrosseditfirst.

AsImovedupthehill,myattentionwanderedforafewminutes.WhenIlookedup,Peggywasmovingaway--firstfiveyards,thenten,thenmore.Finallyitwasclearthattherewasnohopeofcatchingher.Shebeatmesoundly.

Thereisanimportantlessoninthatrace.Womenarethoughttobeweaker,slowerandnotnearlyasskilledinsport.YetasPeggyMimnosoclearlyshowed,thesimilaritiesbetweenmenandwomenrunnersaremoreimportantthanthedifferences.Ihaverunwithanumberofwomen,andIcansaythatitisoftenhardwork.

1.Whatdidthewriterthinkoftheraceinthebeginning?

A.Itwouldbehardwork.

C.Itwouldbeaneasyrace.

C.Itwouldbeatestofhisstrength.

D.Itwouldbeagoodlearningexperience.

答案:

B指导：

首先要审清题干，注意题干中的inthebeginning。

本文第一段、第二段中的一些词如energetic，afinerun，runningeasily，comfortable等都反映出作者开始认为这场比赛不会很难。

2.WhatworriedthewriterwhenPeggygreetedtheyoungrunner?

A.Peggyovertooktheyoungrunner.

B.Peggywasrunningenergetically.

C.Peggywaslaughingatthewriter.

D.Peggypaid

noattentiontothewriter.

答案:

B指导：

由第四段倒数第一句"Youdon'tchatduringaraceunlessyouarefeelinggood”可知作者认为：

你在比赛中聊天表示你感觉很好。

而上句peggy恰恰在比赛中聊天反映出作者认为Peggy在比赛中的感觉，作为Peggy的对手，他当然很担心。

3.Bysaying"along,punishinghill"（Paragraph5）,thewriterimpliesthat_______.

A.Peggywouldfailtoreachthehilltop

B.menaremoreskilledatclimbinghills

C.overtakingPeggywouldbeeasy

D.climbingthehillwouldbeademandingtask

答案:

D指导：

下句中的test一词，能够反映作者当时的感觉，所以D为最佳选项。

4.Whatlessondoesthewriterlearnfromtherace?

A.Womenareasgoodasmeninsport.

B.Womenarebetteratclimbinghills.

C.Heshouldhavemoretraininginacross-countryrace.

D.Heshouldsetaquickerpaceatthebeginningofarace.

答案:

A指导：

文章倒数第一段倒数第一、二句是做此题的关键句。

Passage*************（典型例题）

Desertsarefoundwherethereislittlerainfallorwhererainforawholeyearfallsinonlyafewweeks'time.Teninchesofrainmaybeenoughformanyplantstosurvive（存活）iftherainisspreadthroughouttheyear.Ifitfallswithinoneortwomonthsandtherestoftheyearisdry,thoseplantsmaydieandadesertmayform.

Sandbeginsastinypiecesofrockthatgetsmallerandsmalleraswindandweatherwearthemdown.Sanddunes（沙丘）areformedaswindsmovethesandacrossthedesert.Bitbybit,thedunesgrowovertheyears,alwaysmovingwiththewindsandchangingtheshape.Mostofthemareonlyafewfeettall,buttheycangrowtobeseveralhundredfeethigh.

Thereis,however,muchmoretoadesertthansand.InthedesertsofthesouthwesternUnitedStates,cliffs（悬崖）anddeepvalleyswereformedfromthickmudthatoncelaybeneathaseamorethanmillionsofyearsago.Overthecenturies,thewaterdriedup.Wind,sand,rain,heatandcoldallworeawayattheremainingrocks.Thefacesofthedesertmountainsarealwayschanging--very,veryslowly--astheseforcesofnaturecontinuetoworkontherock.

Mostdesertshaveasurprisingvarietyoflife.Thereareplants,animalsandinsectsthathaveadaptedtolifeinthedeserr.Duringtheheatoftheday,avisitormayseeveryfewsignsoflivingthings,butastheairbeginstocoolintheevening,thedesertcomestolife.Asthesunbeginstoriseagaininthesky,thedesertonceagainbecomesquietandlonely.

1.Manyplantsmaysurviveindesertswhen_______.

A.therainisspreadoutinayear

B.therainfallsonlyinafewweeks

C.thereislittleraininayear

D.itisdryalltheyearround.

答案:

A指导：

通过第一段内容可推出，此外作为中学生都应该有这样的常识，这题应是一个送分题。

2.Sanddunesareformedwhen_______.

A.sandpilesupgradually

B.thereisplentyofraininayear

C.theseahasdriedupovertheyears

D.piecesofrockgetsmaller

答案:

A指导：

第二段第二句给出了明确答案。

3.Theunderlinedsentenceinthethirdparagraphprobablymeansthatinadesertthereis_______.

A.toomuchsand

B.moresandthanbefore

C.nothingexceptsand

D.somethingelsebesidessand

答案:

D指导：

首先理解画线句子中的more．．．than（与……相比多于，不只是），然后根据本段其他句子进行推断。

划线部分在本段是topicsentence，其他的句子是supportingsentence.如果不明白主题句，可从支撑句中去推断，反之也是如此。

4.Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthatinadesert_______.

A.thereisnorainfallthroughouttheyear

B.lifeexistsinroughconditions

C.allsanddunesareafewfeethigh

D.rocksarewornawayonlybywindandheat

答案：

B指导：

文章最后一段介绍了一些生活在严酷环境的沙漠中的生物情况。

Passage***********（典型例题）

Doyouwanttoliveanother100yearsormore?

Someexpertssaythatscientificadvanceswillonedayenablehumanstolasttensofyearsbeyondwhatisnowseenasthenaturallimitofthehumanlifespan.

"Ithinkweareknockingatthedoorofimmortality（永生）,'saidMichaelZey,aMontclairStateUniversitybusinessprofessorandauthoroftwobooksonthefuture."Ithinkby2075wewillseeitandthat'saconservativeestimate（保守的估计）."

AttheconferenceinSanFrancisco,DonaldLouria,aprofessoratNewJerseyMedicalSchoolinNewarksaidadvancesinusinggenesaswellasnanotechnology（纳米技术）makeitlikelythathumanswillliveinthefuturebeyondwhathasbeenpossibleinthepast."Thereisagreatpushsothatpeoplecanlivefrom120to180years,"hesaid."Somehavesuggestedthatthereisnolimitandthatpeoplecouldliveto200or300or500years.'

However,manyscientistswhospecializeinageingaredoubtfulaboutitandsaythehumanbodyisjustnotdesignedtolastabout120years.Evenwithhealthierlifestylesandlessdisease,theysayfailureofthebrainandorganswillfinallyleadallhumanstodeath.

Scientistsalsodifferonwhatkindoflifethesuperagedmightlive."Itremainstobeseenifyoupass120,youknow;could