内蒙古北京八中乌兰察布分校学年高二英语下学期教学质量调研试题三.docx

内蒙古北京八中乌兰察布分校学年高二英语下学期教学质量调研试题三.docx

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内蒙古北京八中乌兰察布分校学年高二英语下学期教学质量调研试题三

内蒙古北京八中乌兰察布分校2020学年高二英语下学期教学质量调研试题三

分值：

120分时间：

100分钟）

注意事项：

1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。

2.将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

第I卷（选择题，共70分）

第一部分  阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节：

（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Tomostofus,medicinecomesfromadrugstore.Butoriginally,muchofthemedicinedevelopedinthelastcenturycamefromnaturalsources:

plantsorbacteria.Now,agroupofscientistsinGreatBritainarehopingtodevelopamedicinefrompoisonousinsects.Theyareresearchingwhetherthedeadlyvenom（毒液）ofsomeinsectscanworkagainstbacteria.

Venomtechlaboratory

About400insectsliveinplasticcontainersintheVenomtechlaboratory.Eachcontainerhasanimageofaskullandcrossbones.Theimageswarnthatabitefromtheinsectsinsidecanbeanythingfrompainfultodeadly.

Thevenomfromtheseinsectscontainshundredsofchemicalcomponents.Eachcomponenthasadifferenttargetandeffect.Medicalresearchersseparatethevenomintoitscomponentparts.Thentheycreatealibraryofthosecomponents,lookingfortheonesthatcouldbeturnedintonewdrugs.

“Someofthemwefoundcankillbacteria,likeEColi,sothey’reveryrelevantatthemomentwheremodernmedicinesarefailing.Andwe’realsofindingvenomthatischangingandkillingcancercells.”

Findingnewwaystokillbacteriaisimportanttoresearchers.Onereasonisthatpeoplehaveusedantibiotics（抗生素）somuchthatsomebacteriacannowresistit.Forexample,tuberculosisusedtobecurablewithantibiotics.Nowitisnot.

Howdotheygetthevenomout?

Togetasmuchvenomaspossible,researchersfeedtheinsectswellandthenputthemtosleeptemporarily.StevenTrimofVenomtechsaysresearchersanaesthetizetheinsectstomakeremovingthevenomsafer.Afterall,animmobileinsectcannotbite.Researchersthenelectricallystimulatetheinsecttocontract（收缩）themuscleandsqueezethegland（腺）.Thepressureproducesasmallamountofvenom.

Researchersseparatethevenomintohundredsofproteins.Eachproteincontainsbetweenoneandfivedifferentmolecules（分子）.Someday,thosetinymoleculesmightbeturnedintopowerfulnewdrugs.

1.Theskullandcrossbonesimagesinplasticcontainersareusedto____________.

A.warnpeopleB.comfortpeople

C.frightenpeopleD.encouragepeople

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“anaesthetize”probablymean?

A.Tokillsomethingdangerous.B.Toremovesomethingharmful.

C.Toprotectsomethingbeneficial.D.Tomakesomethingunconscious.

3.Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch?

A.Tuberculosisiscurablewithantibiotics.

B.Thevenomfromtheinsectscancurecancerdiseases.

C.Someofthecomponentsfromvenomcankillbacteria.

D.Thechemicalcomponentsfromvenomcanbeturnedintonewdrugs.

4.Theresearchersgetvenomfrompoisonousinsectsby____________.

A.makingthemsleepforsometimeB.squeezingtheglandcontainingantibiotics

C.separatingthevenomintoproteinsD.stimulatingtheinsectstorelaxthemuscle

B

AwomanwaswalkingherdogalongabeachinNewZealandinlateJunewhenshesawsomethingthatlookedlikeawhiteballinthesand.ItturnedouttobeayoungEmperorPenguinthatwaslost.Athisage，heshouldhavebeenclosetotheAntarctic，swimmingforfishandplayingontheicefloes（冰川）．Butthispenguinstartedswimmingnorthandjustkeptgoing.

ThepenguinattractedalotofattentioninNewZealand.Ithasbeen40yearssinceanEmperorPenguinwaslastseenthere.ResearchersattheDepartmentofConservationwerecalledin.Theydecidedtowatchthepenguinclosely，butnottodisturbitinanyway.ManyNewZealanderscametoPekaPekaBeachtolookattheelegantpenguin.Theywerecarefultokeeptheirdogsawayfromhimsohewouldn’tbefrightened.

ThepublicnicknamedtheanimalHappyFeet.ResearchersstartedtonoticethatHappyFeetdidn’tseemwell.Itturnedoutthathehadbeeneatingthesandfromthebeach，likelythinkingitwassnow.

Thepublicraisedmorethan11,000poundsforanoperationtogetthesandoutofhisstomach.Theoperationwasasuccess，andHappyFeetwastakentoazooinWellington，NZ.AgroupofexpertsmettodecidehowtohelpHappyFeetreturntothewild.

LastSunday，theyputhimonaboatcalledtheTangaroa，inaspeciallybuilticefilledboxandtookhimoutintotheSouthernOcean，southeastofNewZealand.There，theyreleasedhimintotheocean，whichishisnaturalhabitat.Hetookonelastlookathishumanhelpersandthendivedintotheocean.

“EmperorPenguinsspendtheirfirstfiveyearsatsea，”saidPeterSimpsonofNewZealand’sDepartmentofConservation.“Whathappensnowisuptothepenguin.”

HappyFeetwasfittedwithasatellitetransmitter（发射机）sotheycanmonitorhisprogressusingtheInternet.Sofar，thetrackersshowthatheswamnortheastforalittlewhilebeforegettinghisbearingsandheadingsouth.

5.Whereistheyoungpenguinsupposedtoappear?

A．Onthesunnybeach.B．Insidetheholeintheice.

C．NeartheAntarctic.D．Inthedepthsoftheocean.

6.HowwasthepenguintreatedafterhewasfoundinNewZealand?

A．Hewasprotectedwellandtakengoodcareof.

B．Hewassenttothelocalzooandattractedmuchattention.

C．Hewastakentothelabbyresearchersforstudy.

D．HewasdisturbedbymanycuriousNewZealanders.

7.Thepubliccollectedsomemoneyto.

A．dosomeresearchonthepenguinB．buildahomeforthepenguin

C．getthesandoutofthepenguin’sbellyD．returnthepenguintohishabitat

8.Whathappenedtothepenguinintheendaccordingtothepassage?

A．Hewasputinaspeciallybuilticefilledboxonaboat.

B．HewasbroughttotheSouthernOceanandreleased.

C．Hereachedhishome—TheAntarctic.

D．HeswamnortheastfromtheSouthernOcean.

C

TheTVsciencefictionseriesStarTreknolongerlookedfarfetched（牵强的）asfourmenandfourwomeninblackspacesuitslockedthemselvesintoagianthitechgreenhouse，knownasa“biosphere”，intheArizonadesertyesterdayforatwoyearstudyoftheenvironment.

AsdawnbrokeovertheSantaCatalinamountains，theeightwavedgoodbyetotelevisioncameras.EdwardRoss，theirmultibillionairesponsorfromaTexasoilfamily，closedthedoorofthe$150millionstructure，withitsminiocean，marsh，desert，savanna，rainforestand3,800plantandanimalspeciesdesignedtoallowtheteamtorecreatetheEarthanditsecosystems.

ThesocalledBiosphere2isthelatestoneofadozenenvironmentalprojectsstartedbytheselftitled“ecopreneur”．Theproject’smainaimistosetupaselfsustainingcommunityforpossibleuseinaspaceshiporonanotherplanet.Thecrewmembersmustplant，harvestandprocesstheirfoodonahalfacrefarminthesevenstoreyglassandmetalstructure，whileconductingaseriesofexperiments.

“Wewillbecustodians（监护人）ofournewlittleworld，”saidAbigailMayer，aged31，aUSmarinebiologistontheteam，hervoicechokingwithemotion.“Itisabravenewstep.”Manyscientists，however，aremorethanskeptical.Theypointoutthatthelargestclosedecosystemwhichsurvivedmorethanafewdayswassmallerthanafootball.ItwasdevelopedattheUniversityofMiamiandcontainedonlyshrimp，algaeandothermicroorganisms.

CriticshavealsoaccusedMrRossofbeingmoreinterestedinproducingaprofitablethemeparkthanincarryingoutseriousscientificresearch.Hundredsoftouristsvisitedthesitedailyinsummerbeforeitwasoccupiedbytheteam.Theypaid$9.95toenterandallstoppedatthesouvenirshop.

9.What’sthelocationoftheproject?

A．Texas.B．UniversityofMiami.C．Arizonadesert.D．Thespace.

10.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A．ThereisasceneinStarTrekwherefourmenandfourwomenlockedthemselvesintoagiantgreenhouse.

B．AllthespeciesofplantsandanimalsontheEarthwerebroughtintothegreenhouse.

C．Mr.Rossmadetouristsstopatthesouvenirshoptogainprofits.

D．Manyscientistsaredoubtfulwhetherthissystemcanlastlongenough.

11.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheproject?

A．Critical.B．Neutral.C．Skeptical.D．Supportive.

D

AnIsraelilawbanningtooskinnymodelswentintoeffectwiththestartof2020.Thelaw,approvedlastMarchinIsrael,requiresmodelstoprovetheyhavemaintainedaBodyMassIndex（BMI）ofatleast18.5forthreemonthsbeforeafashionshow.Thatmeansawomanwhois68inchestallcanweighnolessthan119pounds.

“Thislawisanotherstepinthewaragainsteatingdisorders,”saidphysicianAdatto.“Underweightmodels,”heexplained,“cannolongerserveasrolemodelsforinnocentyoungpeoplewhocopytheirfalseimageofbeingskinny.”

Butsomecriticsinthiscountrysayitismisguided,focusingonweightinsteadofhealth.TheyalsosaytheIsraelibanisboundtofailbecauseofthestrongpowerofthefashionindustry.“Ithinkit’sanapproachthatisn’tgoingtowork.”saideatingdisorderexpertSusanIce,whoworkedwithanorganizationwhichcreatesahealthyworkingenvironmentformodels.

ButAdattotoldthereporterthathebegantoconcerntheissueaftermeetinganambitiousmodelwholookedlikesheneededtobehospitalized.Hesaid.“Irealizedthatonlylegislation（立法）canchangethesituation.Therewasnotimetowaste;somanygirlsweredietingtodeath.”

However,theeffortstoregulatemodels’weightinSpainandItalyhavenotresultedinsignificantchangesinpartbecauseofdifficultiesindeterminingreliablemethodsofmeasuringweightandhealth.

Still,folksincludingIcesaythere’snodenyingthatimagesfromHollywoodandthefashionindustrycanbedifficultforyoungwomentodealwith.“CertainlyIdon'tbelievethemodelingindustryhascausedtheriseineatingdisorders,butitmakesithar