Unit 2知识点.docx
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Unit2知识点
Unit2
DifficultSentences
1.WordpassesquicklyinsmallVermonttowns.
Whatcanyouinferfromthesentence?
（=TownsinVermontaresmall;peopleusuallyknoweachotherandtendtosharewitheachotherwhattheyknow.）
TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.
（=在佛蒙特州的小镇上，消息传播得很快。
）
2.Ifyou’reanythinglikeyourfather,you’llbeasmartboy.
Whatisthemeaningofthesentence?
（=Theteacherbelievesthattheboycanbecomeaverycleverstudentifhecanlearnsomethingfromhisfather.）
Whatwastheauthor’sattitudetowardthisremark?
（=Theauthorwasveryhappytohearitbecauseatthatmomenthewasquiteproudtobethesonofhisfather.）
3.IgroanedwheneverIheardtheircompliments.
Whatdoesthesentenceimply?
（=Theboydidnotagreewiththeneighbors’opinions.Asateenager,hewantedtobeindependentandwantedhisownidentity.）
TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.
（=每当我听到这些赞美，我都很不以为然地哼哼几声。
）
4.IwonderedhowIwouldeverfitinwithmyteenagefriends.
Paraphrasethesentence.
（=IwantedtoknowhowIwouldgetalongwellwithotherchildrenaroundme.）
Whywasitdifficultforhim?
（=Becausehehadafatherwithsuchagoodreputationandwhowassounusualandoutstanding,theboyseemeddifferenttohisfriends.）
5.IsurvivedmylastyearsofhighschooluntilfinallyIturnedeighteen.
Whatcanyouinferfromthesentence?
（=Theboyhaddifficultylivingintheshadeofhisfather,buthemanagedtogothroughthoselastfewyearsinhishighschool.）
6.I’dgiveanythingtobecalledmyfather’schild.
Whatisthemeaningofthepattern“…wouldgivealot/anything/theworldtodosth.”?
（=Itisanidiomaticexpressionwhichmeansthespeakerisveryeagertodosomethingorhavesomething.）
Paraphrasethesentence.
（=Iwouldlikeverymuchtobecalledmyfather’schild.）
7.Myfatheragreed,butnotwithouthisusualwarning.
Whatisthefunctionof“notwithout”inthissentence?
（=Itisdoublenegation.Itisforemphasis.）
Paraphrasethesentence.
（=Myfatheragreedtoletmedrivehiscar,buthewarnedmetobecareful,asheusuallydid.）
8.IhitthecarrightinfrontofminebeforeIknewit.
Whatisthemeaningofthesentence?
（=Hewasabsent-mindedwhenhewasdriving.Hedidnotnoticetheothercaruntilhecrashedintoit.）
9.MyfatherandIrarelyhug.Butrecallingtheday’sevents,Iwrappedmyarmsaroundhisshoulders.
WhydidtheboyhughisfatherontheNewYear’sEve?
（=Herealizedtheimportanceoftheunionbetweenhimandhisfather.Heregrettedforbeingsoignorantbefore.）
Whatisafather’srealname?
（=Achildshouldcallhisorherfather“Dad”insteadofhisfirstname.）
WordsandExpressions
1.settlein/intosth.:
getusedto（newsurroundings,etc.）
*Ittakesafewmonthstosettleintolifeatcollege.
*Weonlymovedhouselastweekandwehaven’tsettledinyet.
NB:
settle（sb.）in/intosth.在这个短语中，动词settle后也可以加宾语；介词into和in可以互换，例如：
*Wesettledthechildrenin/intonewschoolswhenwemovedtoLondon.
2.beam:
1）v.
smilebrightlyandhappily
*Hebeamedhisapprovalofthenewidea.
*Hebeamedonhisvisitors.
emitortransmit
*ThisprogramisbeamedtoEuropeancountriesat10:
00daily.
这条新闻由卫星向全世界传送。
（=Thenewswasbeamedtothewholeglobebysatellites.）
2）n.
abrightandhappylookorsmile
*Theoldladyopenedthedoorwithabeam.
arayorshaftoflight
*Thebeamsofthesearchlightsfingeredtheskyovertheairport.
Collocation:
beamwithsatisfaction满意地微笑
beamwithjoy眉飞色舞,笑逐颜开
abeamoflight一束光线
abeamofdelight笑逐颜开
3.fitinwith:
（causeto）matchoragree
*Hedoesn’tfitinwiththesepeople.
*Hisgoodmoodfitinwiththejoyfuloccasion.
Pattern:
fitin（with）适合；适应；符合；协调
fitinto适应；协调
fiton装上；把……置于原处；试穿
fitoneselffor作好……的准备
4.onone’sown:
withouthelp
*Shelivesonherown.
我独自去旅游，我可以决定什么时候出发上路，在什么地方多玩一会儿。
（=Travelingonmyown,Icandecidewhentostartonmywayandwheretolingeralittlelonger.）
5.stubborn:
adj.determined,esp.toanunreasonabledegree;withastrongwill
*Shewon’tdowhatIask—she’sverystubborn.
Collocation:
asstubbornasamule像骡子一样顽固;非常固执
astubbornresistance顽强的抵抗
astubbornillness顽疾
astubbornproblem棘手的问题
NB:
名词形式为stubbornness。
6.survive:
v.
1）vt.continuetoliveorexistafter
*Shesurvivedherhusbandbyfiveyears.
*Thehousesurvivedthestorm.
2）vi.toremainaliveorinexistence
*Themanwasveryill,buthesurvived.
洪水过后，生还者极少。
（=Fewsurvivedaftertheflood.）
NB:
名词形式为survival。
7.enroll:
v.[（as,in）]make（oneselforanotherperson）officiallyamemberofagroup
*Weenrolledintheeveningclass.
我们吸收他为会员。
（=Weenrolledhimasamemberofthesociety.）
NB:
enroll为AmericanEnglish拼法,在BritishEnglish中，该词拼写为enrol，二者对应的名词形式分别为enrollment和enrolment。
8.comparewith:
examineorjudge（onething）inrelationtoanotherthinginordertoshowthepointsofsimilarityordifference
*Livinginatowncan’tcomparewithlivinginthecountry.
Collocation:
compareonethingwithanother将一物与另一物比较
comparefavorablywith优于；不亚于
nottobecomparedwith相差极远，远不如
CF:
compare,compareto,comparewith&contrast
这些动词和动词短语均含“比较”之意。
compare侧重比较两个或更多东西的异同优劣，强调相同或类似之处。
compareto指两物有类似或相似之处，从而“把（一物）比作（另一物）”。
comparewith指“把……用……作比较”以便找出差异或好坏。
contrast指比较两个或更多东西之间的差异，侧重不同点。
Directions:
Fillintheblankswiththewordsorphrasesabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.
1）Thepoet______hislover_____aroseinhispoems.（=compares…to）
2）Heractions______sharply_____herpromises.（=contrasted…with）
3）Ifyou______herwork______his,you’llfindhersismuchbetter.（=compare…with）
4）Scientistssometimes______thehumanbrain______acomputer.（=compare…to）
9.frown:
vi.bringtheeyebrowstogetherinangeroreffort,causinglinestoappearontheforehead
*Hefrownedashetriedtoworkoutthesum.
*Theteacherfrownedangrilyatthenoisyclass.
他不同意食物里放这么多盐。
（=Hefrownedontheuseofsomuchsaltinthefood.）
Pattern:
frownat（on,upon）不赞成,不以为然
10.wouldgiveanything/alot/theworld（todosth.）:
wouldverymuchlike（todoorhavesomething）
*Hewouldgivetheworldtomakeherhappy.
NB:
一个类似的短语是wouldgivetheworldtoknowsth.为了知道某事愿付出一切代价
11.awkward:
adj.
1）causingdifficultyoruncomfortablefeelings;inconvenientorembarrassing
*AuntLenacametovisitusatanawkwardtime.
*Therewasanawkwardsilence,whennooneknewwhattosay.
2）notsmoothorgrateful;ungainly
*Thechildisstillawkwardwithhischopsticks.
Collocation:
anawkwardremark令人窘迫的评论
anawkwardsilence令人尴尬的沉默
anawkwardtime不方便的时间
anawkwardquestion棘手问题
anawkwardsituation困难处境
12.inone’sownright:
becauseofapersonalclaimthatdoesnotdependonanyoneelse
*Sheisapeeressinherownright,i.e.notmerelybymarriagetoapeer（贵族）.
*ElizabethIIisQueeninherownright.
Collocation:
asofright/byright基于正当的权利
standonone’sownrights坚持自己的权利
withinone’srights不超越自己的权利范围
13.glare:
v.（at,on,upon）lookinanangryway
*Sheglaredatme.
这位老先生只是站在那里对那个扒手怒目而视，一句话也没有说。
（=Theoldgentlemanjuststoodthereglaringatthepickpocketanddidnotsayaword.）
CF:
glare,stare,gaze&peer
这些动词都有“看，瞧”之意。
glare指用愤恨、凶狠或含敌意的眼光死死看着某人。
stare侧重因惊奇、好奇、粗鲁无礼等而睁大眼睛看。
gaze指出于羡慕、感兴趣、关心或惊异而长时间目不转睛地看。
peer指眯着眼睛仔细地或略为吃力地看。
Directions:
Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.
1）Theoldlady_____throughherspectaclesatthecontract.（=peered）
2）Hedidn’tshoutorswear,butjust_____silentlyatme.（=glared）
3）Thechild_____atthetoysintheshopwindow.（=gazed）
4）He_____atthewordtryingtorememberwhatitmeant.（=stared）
5）He_____furiouslyatmewhenIcontradictedhim.（=glared）
14.besickof:
feelannoyance,dislike,andimpatiencefromtoomuchofsomething
*Iamsickofwaitingaroundlikethis.
出去，我一见到你就厌恶。
（=Getout!
Iamsickofthesightofyou.）
Collocation:
sickofwaiting等得不耐烦
sickofitall完全厌倦了这一切
sickandtired筋疲力尽的
besickandtired（of）十分厌倦
besickofdoingnothing闲得发腻
15.wander:
vi.（in,off）
1）walkormoveinaleisurely,casualoraimlessway
*Thechildrenwanderedinthewoods.
2）moveslowlyfromafixedpointorplace
*Hismindiswandering.
*Thechildwanderedoffandgotlost.
Collocation:
wanderabout/overtheworld漫游世界
wanderfromthesubject/point离题
wanderfromthepathofrighteousness迷失了正途
NB:
注意wander和wonder是形近词，但是意思不相同。
wonder表示“惊讶,怀疑,想知道”。
16.survey:
1）v.lookat,examine,orconsidersth.asawhole
*surveytheinternationalsituation
在你出价买那房子之前,先找人鉴定一下。
（=Havethehousesurveyedbeforeyouoffertobuyit.）
2）n.adetailedinspectionorinvestigation
*asurveyofairpollution空气污染调查
*anannualsurvey年度调查
*Accordingtoarecentsurvey,inShanghaithereareabout2.5millionmigrantworkers.
NB:
surveyorn.测量员，检查员
17.sustain:
v.
1）suffer（harmorloss）
*Hesustainedasevereblowonthehead.
*sustainafatalinjury遭受致命的伤害
*sustainlosses蒙受损失
2）keep（sb.orsth.）aliveorinexistence
*Youshouldeatgoodsustainingfood,i.e.foodthatgivesstrength.
CF:
back,uphold,support&sustain
这些动词均有“支持，支援，拥护”之意。
back通常指对论点、行动、事业等的强有力支持。
uphold既可指积极努力支持陷入困境者，也可指在行动、道义或信仰上给某人支持。
support含义广泛，指在道义上或物质上支持某人，也可指对某项事业的支持。
sustain侧重指连续不断的支持。
Directions:
Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.
1）Thebook’sweaknessistheauthor’sinabilityto_____anargument.（=sustain）
2）Youmust_____theargumentwithfacts.（=back）
3）She_____herhusbandwiththemoneysheearnsfromteaching.（=supports）
4）Thejudge_____thelowercourt’sdecision.（=upheld）
NB:
名词sustenance表示“营养、食物”
升级会员 